Ramesh Chandra – författare

Advances in Nanomedicine for the Delivery of Therapeutic Nucleic Acids addresses several issues related to safe and effective delivery of nucleic acids (NAs) using nanoparticles. A further emphasis would be laid on the mechanism of delivery of NAs, the barriers encountered and the strategies adapted to combat them. An exhaustive account of the advantages as well shortcomings of all the delivery vectors being employed in delivery of various NAs will be provided. On final note the regulatory aspects of nanoparticles mediated NA would be discussed, with focus on their clinical relevance.

The design and development of nucleic acid-based therapeutics for the treatment of diseases arising from genetic abnormalities has made significant progress over the past few years. NAs have been widely explored for the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases or to block cell proliferation and thereby caused diseases. Advances in synthetic oligonucleotide chemistry resulted in synthesis of NAs that are relatively stable in in vivo environments. However, cellular targeting and intracellular delivery of NAs still remains a challenge. Further development of NA-based therapeutics depends on the progress of safe and effective carriers for systemic administration. Nanomedicine has facilitated availability of vectors with diminished cytotoxicity and enhanced efficacy which are rapidly emerging as systems of choice. These vectors protect NAs from enzymatic degradation by forming condensed complexes along with targeted tissue and cellular delivery. During the past few years, a myriad reports have appeared reporting delivery of NAs mediated by nanoparticles. This book will provide an overview of nanoparticles being employed in the in vitro and in vivo delivery of therapeutically relevant NAs like DNA, siRNA, LNA, PNA, etc.

Provides a complete overview of the applicatiosn of nanomedicine in the delivery of nucleic acids, from characterization of nanoparticles, to in vitro and in vivo studies Discusses delivery issues of less well explored nucleic acids, like PNAs, Ribozymes, DNAzymes, etc. Summarizes the current state of research in nucleic acid delivery and underscores the future of nanomedicine in this field

Topical Dermal Drug Delivery: Concepts and Advances compiles, in a single volume, the most recent advances in topical and dermal formulations for the treatment of skin disorders.The book covers three major concepts. The skin anatomy and physiology part includes chapters focused on relevant information for drug delivery. The second part of the book deals with several recent topical dermal drug delivery systems, including computational methods, permeation enhancers, bio precursors, hydrogels, emugels, exosomes and several nanotechnology enabled systems. The third and final part covers scaling up, toxicity, clinical trials, and regulatory considerations.This is a complete reference for academic and corporate pharma researchers investigating targeted drug delivery to the skin. Medical & Health Sciences researchers would also benefit from understanding the delivery systems covered in this book.

Includes coverage of skin structure, physiology, pharmacology, and skin disordersCovers updated methods and techniques for the customization of novel topical dermal drug delivery systemsProvides a comprehensive compilation of marketed and clinical trials of novel topical dermal drug delivery systems

This book explores the applications of nanotechnology in Industry 4.0, including how nanotechnology can be used to enhance various manufacturing processes. It discusses the use of nanotechnology in areas such as materials science, energy storage, electronics, biomedical and biotechnology, advanced computing and signal processing, and communication systems. Overall, it highlights the potential of these technologies to transform the manufacturing and production processes of the future.Key Features:Explores nanotechnology applications within Industry 4.0Built on a multidisciplinary approach, it offers a robust exploration of nanotechnology applications across various domains in science and engineeringIncludes detailed case studies and real-world examples reflecting integration of nanotechnology in Industry 4.0Discusses communication protocols and networksReviews development of targeted drug delivery systems, tissue engineering, medical imaging, and diagnostic toolsThis book is aimed at graduate students and researchers in nanotechnology, materials science, and industrial engineering.

Organic Reactions and their Nomenclature introduces organic compounds and their nomenclature explaining in detail the organic structures, bonding and classification of organic compounds. The book discusses in detail the process of catalytic alcohol oxidation and explains covalent organic frameworks. It further provides highlights on recent advances in the synthesis of carboxylic acid esters, with an overview of Clemmensen Reduction Mechanism. The book concludes with a detailed explanation of carbonyl group reactions.

Basic Organic Chemistry discusses the basic concept of chemistry as well as organic chemistry. It includes detailed description of organic molecules, functional groups and the nomenclature of the organic molecules. This book also discusses the notion of acids and bases and stereochemistry of the organic molecules along with the description of amino acids, proteins, carbohydrates, alcohol and ethers. It provides the reader with the insights of basic organic chemistry so as to understand the basic organic reactions and the application of spectroscopy to study organic molecules.

Targeted at biology undergraduates, this book covers themes such as cell structure, function, molecular biology, and the fundamental principles of cellular biology. It provides a foundational understanding of cellular biology, which is essential for students pursuing careers in the life sciences. Practitioners in biology and related fields deepen their knowledge of cellular processes, making it a valuable resource for professionals engaged in biological research and applications. Policymakers can draw from this knowledge to inform policies related to scientific research and education, and the general public gains insights into the fundamental building blocks of life and the role of cells in living organisms.

The objective of the book Biodiversity Basics: Celebrating Life's Variety is to raise awareness and appreciation for the richness and importance of Earth's biodiversity. Through its pages, readers are taken on a journey to explore the incredible variety of species, ecosystems, and interactions that make up our planet's web of life. The book aims to educate and inspire individuals to become advocates for biodiversity conservation and sustainable living. It delves into the significance of biodiversity in providing essential ecosystem services, fostering resilience, and contributing to human well-being. Ultimately, Biodiversity Basics seeks to ignite a sense of wonder and responsibility towards protecting and preserving our planet's precious biodiversity for future generations.

This book provides a comprehensive overview of the biochemical processes essential to human life, exploring the structure and function of biomolecules. It covers metabolic pathways, enzyme kinetics, and molecular genetics, emphasizing the biochemical basis of health and disease. The text includes laboratory techniques, clinical correlations, and applications to medical practice. Emphasis is placed on understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying physiological functions and their alterations in pathological conditions.

This book aims to provide a detailed exploration of the structure and function of cells and their molecular components. It covers the fundamental concepts of cell biology, including cell structure, signaling, and division. The book also addresses molecular biology techniques and their applications in research and medicine. It is intended for students, researchers, and educators in the life sciences, offering comprehensive insights into cellular and molecular processes. By enhancing understanding of cell and molecular biology, the book seeks to advance scientific knowledge and its applications in health and disease.

Volume 2 translates foundational biochemistry into organ-system applications and diagnostic problem-solving used in everyday clinical practice. It organizes systemic biochemical pathways—hepatic metabolism, renal handling of solutes, endocrine metabolic effects, and cardiac energetics—alongside disease-associated biochemical derangements. Practical chapters cover interpretation of metabolic panels, inborn errors, toxicology screens, and biomarkers used in cardiometabolic, hepatic, and renal disease management. Case examples illustrate how biochemical reasoning guides therapy, monitoring, and prognostication. The book also highlights advances in clinical proteomics, metabolomics, and personalized medicine that affect biochemical diagnostics. An essential clinical companion for physicians, laboratorians, and students applying biochemistry at the bedside.

His greatest fame as an author rests on a single economic paper on increasing returns and economic progress but he contributed much more as a mentor to his graduate students such as Frank Knight, Edward Chamberlin, and Lauchlin Currie at Harvard and to the undergraduate Nicholas Kaldor at the London School of Economics.

His greatest fame as an author rests on a single economic paper on increasing returns and economic progress but he contributed much more as a mentor to his graduate students such as Frank Knight, Edward Chamberlin, and Lauchlin Currie at Harvard and to the undergraduate Nicholas Kaldor at the London School of Economics.

In recent decades, new endogenous growth theory has become popular but the ideas are not new. While contributions of individual authors are readily available, there is no comprehensive study on the subject covering such a vast ground, critically discussing these authors in a comprehensive framework.

In recent decades, new endogenous growth theory has become popular but the ideas are not new. While contributions of individual authors are readily available, there is no comprehensive study on the subject covering such a vast ground, critically discussing these authors in a comprehensive framework.

This book explores the ideas of nine renowned economists to present the evolution of economic thought on the development and trajectory of capitalism as a system. The author shows how this diverse group of thinkers are linked by their thinking on the future role of capitalism in society and fleshes out the influences informing each economist’s work. With chapters dedicated to Karl Marx, Joseph Schumpeter, Thorstein Veblen, Henry George, Gunnar Myrdal, Alfred Marshall, Allyn Young, J. M. Keynes and Amartya Sen, the book aims to analyse contrasting views on the future of capitalism in historical perspective and make a critical assessment of their insights in contemporary contexts. While considering the views of some thinkers such as Marx, Schumpeter, and Veblen who critiqued capitalism, the book does not view capitalism beyond redemption, nor is meant to be a critique of capitalism in its conclusions. Rather, it argues that thinkers like Marshall, Myrdal, Young and Keynes were more right in their optimism about the future prospects of capitalism than many others. It argues that capitalism can be reformed through the democratic process in a more humane direction. This can happen if democracy works for all, and if discriminating privileges and crony capitalism are eschewed. This book is valuable reading for scholars and students of economic history and the history of economic thought.

Foundational knowledge and practical approaches of an interesting catalyst class for greener and cleaner chemical synthesis Solid Base Catalysts provides insights and information on cutting-edge heterogeneous catalysis technologies and approaches of non-corrosive and easy-to-use solid catalysts that can replace conventional liquid catalysts that are known to pose operational problems. Edited by three highly qualified authors with contributions from experts in industry and academia, Solid Base Catalysts includes: Latest and most advanced studies in the characterization of solid catalysts, with applications in various organic transformationsVersatile reaction types where solid catalysts can be used as well as the multidisciplinary nature of solid base catalyst research and its connections to other fieldsMulticomponent reactions for eco-compatible heterocyclic synthesis over solid catalysts and synthesis routes, experimental protocols, and other considerations for optimizing catalyst propertiesAdvanced methodologies and applications for analyzing solid catalysts and challenges and future prospects in the fieldSolid Base Catalysts is a complete reference on the subject for researchers and professionals in materials science, green chemistry, surface chemistry, and chemical engineering.

Over the past decade, genome sequencing projects and the associated efforts have facilitated the discovery of several novel disease targets and the approval of several innovative drugs. To further exploit this data for human health and disease, there is a need to understand the genome data itself in detail, discover novel targets, understand their role in physiological pathways and associated diseases, with the aim to translate these discoveries to clinical and preventive medicine. It is equally important to understand the labors and limitations in integrating clinical phenotypes with genomic, transcriptomic, proteomic and metabolomic approaches. T

Understanding the molecular mechanisms of cancer is the key for transforming cancer medicine. A substantial proportion of human genes show alternative splicing and mis-regulation of Pre-mRNA splicing is seen in several cancers.This book further investigates these matters. The first few chapters provide an update on the role of genomics in understanding alternative splicing, and targets in cancer pathogenesis. Advances and prospects in applications of nanotechnology for cancer prevention, detection and treatment are a promising field of research. The subsequent chapters provide insights on how nanotechnology-based therapeutics are moving towards revolutionizing cancer and infectious disease treatment by minimizing toxicity and facilitating targeted delivery of drugs. Technical topics discussed in the book include: • Alternative splicing and cancer• Cancer imaging• Nanomaterials in infectious diseases• Nanomedicine in oxidative stress and cancer• Nanoparticle based drug delivery systems

Gene silencing mediated through short interfering RNAs (siRNAs) is rapidly emerging as a new class of therapeutics for the treatment of inherited and acquired diseases. However, poor cellular uptake and instability in physiological conditions limits its therapeutic potential, hence there arises a need to develop a delivery system which can protect and efficiently transport siRNA to the target cells. Nanotechnology based non-viral vectors have been proposed as a potential alternate. Various polymeric nanoparticles have been shown as suitable delivery candidates with high cellular uptake efficiencies and advantage of reduced cytotoxicity. These delivery vectors form condensed complexes with siRNA which in turn provides protection to siRNA from enzymatic degradation and further leads to enhanced tissue and cellular targeting. Nanoparticles prepared from various polymers like polyethylenimine, chitosan have been largely exploited, as they bear several advantages such as, easy manipulatibility, high stability, low cost and high payload. Though numerous publications have appeared in the literature, there was still need to get more information under one roof, as book compilation which could provide a systematic account of all the aspects of nanotechnology mediated gene silencing right from the preparation of nanoparticles to in vitro and in vivo characterization followed by various applications in vitro and in vivo models. This book focuses on various aspects of nanotechnology based gene silencing. The initial chapters detail the techniques available for in vitro and in vivo characterization of nanoparticles. In the later chapters, exhaustive details about various polymeric systems employed for gene silencing has been accounted.The important topics discussed in the book include:-• Introduction to Nanotechnology• Physicochemical? Characterization of Nanoparticles• In Vitro and In Vivo Characterization of Nanoparticles• Concept and Barriers to Gene Silencing• Nanoparticles Mediated Targeted siRNA delivery• Polymers for siRNA Delivery• Chitosan• Polyethylenimine• Poly-L-lysine• Atelocollagen• Protamine• Dendrimers• Cyclodextrin• Poly (D, L-lactide-co-glycolide)• Nanomaterials for siRNA delivery; Keyword Index

Gene silencing mediated through short interfering RNAs (siRNAs) is rapidly emerging as a new class of therapeutics for the treatment of inherited and acquired diseases. However, poor cellular uptake and instability in physiological conditions limits its therapeutic potential, hence there arises a need to develop a delivery system which can protect and efficiently transport siRNA to the target cells. Nanotechnology based non-viral vectors have been proposed as a potential alternate. Various polymeric nanoparticles have been shown as suitable delivery candidates with high cellular uptake efficiencies and advantage of reduced cytotoxicity. These delivery vectors form condensed complexes with siRNA which in turn provides protection to siRNA from enzymatic degradation and further leads to enhanced tissue and cellular targeting. Nanoparticles prepared from various polymers like polyethylenimine, chitosan have been largely exploited, as they bear several advantages such as, easy manipulatibility, high stability, low cost and high payload. Though numerous publications have appeared in the literature, there was still need to get more information under one roof, as book compilation which could provide a systematic account of all the aspects of nanotechnology mediated gene silencing right from the preparation of nanoparticles to in vitro and in vivo characterization followed by various applications in vitro and in vivo models. This book focuses on various aspects of nanotechnology based gene silencing. The initial chapters detail the techniques available for in vitro and in vivo characterization of nanoparticles. In the later chapters, exhaustive details about various polymeric systems employed for gene silencing has been accounted.The important topics discussed in the book include:-• Introduction to Nanotechnology• Physicochemical? Characterization of Nanoparticles• In Vitro and In Vivo Characterization of Nanoparticles• Concept and Barriers to Gene Silencing• Nanoparticles Mediated Targeted siRNA delivery• Polymers for siRNA Delivery• Chitosan• Polyethylenimine• Poly-L-lysine• Atelocollagen• Protamine• Dendrimers• Cyclodextrin• Poly (D, L-lactide-co-glycolide)• Nanomaterials for siRNA delivery; Keyword Index

Over the past decade, genome sequencing projects and the associated efforts have facilitated the discovery of several novel disease targets and the approval of several innovative drugs. To further exploit this data for human health and disease, there is a need to understand the genome data itself in detail, discover novel targets, understand their role in physiological pathways and associated diseases, with the aim to translate these discoveries to clinical and preventive medicine. It is equally important to understand the labors and limitations in integrating clinical phenotypes with genomic, transcriptomic, proteomic and metabolomic approaches. This book focuses on some key advances in the field.Technical topics discussed in the book include:• Drug discovery• Target identification and prioritization• Hypothesis driven multi-target drug design• Genomics in vaccine development• Gene regulatory networks• Vaccine design and development• Prediction of drug side effects in silico

Understanding the molecular mechanisms of cancer is the key for transforming cancer medicine. A substantial proportion of human genes show alternative splicing and mis-regulation of Pre-mRNA splicing is seen in several cancers.This book further investigates these matters. The first few chapters provide an update on the role of genomics in understanding alternative splicing, and targets in cancer pathogenesis. Advances and prospects in applications of nanotechnology for cancer prevention, detection and treatment are a promising field of research. The subsequent chapters provide insights on how nanotechnology-based therapeutics are moving towards revolutionizing cancer and infectious disease treatment by minimizing toxicity and facilitating targeted delivery of drugs. Technical topics discussed in the book include: • Alternative splicing and cancer• Cancer imaging• Nanomaterials in infectious diseases• Nanomedicine in oxidative stress and cancer• Nanoparticle based drug delivery systems

The book provides a comprehensive overview of the eruptive and wave phenomena in the solar atmosphere. One of the ongoing problems in solar physics is the heating of the solar corona. Currently there is a competition between two mechanisms in explaining the heating, i.e., dissipation of energy by waves and small scale frequent coronal magnetic reconnection. However, some studies indicate this may be a joint effect of these two possible mechanisms. Kelvin-Helmholtz Instability (KHI) of propagating magnetohydrodynamic modes in solar flowing structures plays an important role in the solar atmosphere. It can trigger the onset of wave turbulence leading to effective plasma heating and particle acceleration. KHI is a multifaceted phenomenon and the purpose of this book is to illuminate its (instability) manifestation in various solar jets like spicules, dark mottles, surges, macrospicules, Extreme Ultraviolet (EUV) and X-ray jets, as well as rotating, tornado-like, jets, solar wind, and coronal mass ejections.The modeling of KHI is performed in the framework of ideal magnetohydrodynamics. The book consists of 12 chapters and is intended primarily for advanced undergraduate and postgraduate students, as well as early career researchers.