Shamim Ahmad – författare

Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP), meaning parchment skin and pigmentary dist- bance, is a rare and mostly autosomal recessive genetic disorder that was originally named by two dermatologists, the Austrian Ferdinand Ritter von Hebra and his H- garian son in law Moritz Kaposi in 1874i and 1883. 2 The earliest published record (PubMed) available on the internet is a publication in 1949 by Ulicna Zapletalova under the title, "Contribution to the pathogenesis of xeroderma pigmentosum". ^ It was in the late 1960s when James Cleaver (contributor of Chapter 1 of this book), at the University of California, San Francisco, while working on nucleotide excision repair (NER), read an article in a local newspaper about XP and soon after obtained a skin biopsy from a patient suffering from XP that showed that cells from it were deficient in NER. Thus, his studies led to the discovery that indeed this genetic defect was due to mutations in DNA repair genes that imbalance the NER pathway. ^. s The discovery paved the way for further exploration of the link between DNA damage, mutagenesis, neoplastic transformation and DNA repair diseases.Since then, 4,088 papers, incl- ing excellent reviews, on XP are listed on the internet (PubMed data, February 2008), and an XP Society has been established in the USA (http://www. xps. org) and an XP Support Group in the United Kingdom (www. xpsupportgroup. org. uk).

Molecular Mechanisms of Fanconi Anemia will give research students a platform for further investigation, and act as a source of information regarding experimental design. Clinicians will find this title useful for its comprehensive description of Fanconi Anemia and information on the latest molecular theories underlying its causes.

Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP), meaning parchment skin and pigmentary dist- bance, is a rare and mostly autosomal recessive genetic disorder that was originally named by two dermatologists, the Austrian Ferdinand Ritter von Hebra and his H- garian son in law Moritz Kaposi in 1874i and 1883. 2 The earliest published record (PubMed) available on the internet is a publication in 1949 by Ulicna Zapletalova under the title, "Contribution to the pathogenesis of xeroderma pigmentosum". ^ It was in the late 1960s when James Cleaver (contributor of Chapter 1 of this book), at the University of California, San Francisco, while working on nucleotide excision repair (NER), read an article in a local newspaper about XP and soon after obtained a skin biopsy from a patient suffering from XP that showed that cells from it were deficient in NER. Thus, his studies led to the discovery that indeed this genetic defect was due to mutations in DNA repair genes that imbalance the NER pathway. ^. s The discovery paved the way for further exploration of the link between DNA damage, mutagenesis, neoplastic transformation and DNA repair diseases.Since then, 4,088 papers, incl- ing excellent reviews, on XP are listed on the internet (PubMed data, February 2008), and an XP Society has been established in the USA (http://www. xps. org) and an XP Support Group in the United Kingdom (www. xpsupportgroup. org. uk).

Since this book is geared to be used by varied groups of readers such as advanced students and instructors in the fields of biology and medicine, scientists and more importantly clinicians, it is considered important to provide brief accounts of the basics of DNA damage, repair, mutagenesis and cancer. The purpose of this book is to present an updated detailed account of some important additional diseases of DNA repair. It has not been possible to cover all the DNA repair deficient diseases in this volume, hence diseases such as Bloom’s syndrome, Werner’s syndrome, Nijmegen breakage syndrome, ataxia telangiectasia‑like disorder, RA D 50 deficiency, RIDDLE syndrome and others will be presented in a forthcoming volume.

Molecular Mechanisms of Fanconi Anemia will give research students a platform for further investigation, and act as a source of information regarding experimental design. Clinicians will find this title useful for its comprehensive description of Fanconi Anemia and information on the latest molecular theories underlying its causes.

It has not been possible to cover all the DNA repair deficient diseases in this volume, hence diseases such as Bloom’s syndrome, Werner’s syndrome, Nijmegen breakage syndrome, ataxia telangiectasia-like disorder, RA D 50 deficiency, RIDDLE syndrome and others will be presented in a forthcoming volume.

Nanofertilizers and nanopesticides increase crop efficiency because of a several-fold increase in the surface-to-volume ratio of nano-forms of nutrients and their suitability to foliar application. The potential agricultural benefits of these nanomaterials, their modes of action, and the fate of nanomaterials in the soil are all discussed. This book uses a multidisciplinary approach and highlights the expertise of the authors in the fields of materials science, nanotechnology, nanobiosensors, and agricultural research. It describes the details of nanoscale synthesis of materials for targeted delivery; in vitro, in vivo, and field trials experimentation; how to use digital technology for specific solutions including Big Data to create predictive mathematical modelling; along with the core knowledge of plant systems and their biosphere to improve crop yields. Also, the book discusses future perspectives and challenges of nanomaterials in agricultural applications.In summary, this book discusses agricultural nanobiotechnology with its main emphasis on understanding the interactions of nanoscale materials of pesticides and fertilizers. It also covers their application to improve the quality and increase crop yield with a minimum use of the active ingredients attached to the nanocarriers.

Also, the book discusses future perspectives and challenges of nanomaterials in agricultural applications. In summary, this book discusses agricultural nanobiotechnology with its main emphasis on understanding the interactions of nanoscale materials of pesticides and fertilizers.

This book provides comprehensive knowledge about thyroid gland and highlights the recent trends in the management of thyroid dysfunctions.Thyroid disorders are amongst the most prevalent of medical conditions possibly after diabetes. The prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in adults in the general population ranges from 1 to 10 percent, and is even higher in selected groups. In the United Kingdom, 1–2% of the adult population is found to have thyroid dysfunction. It is interesting to note that thyroxin is the sixth most commonly dispensed drug in Scotland. Virtually all studies report higher prevalence rates for hypothyroidism in women and with advancing age. Abnormal thyroid functions have important public health consequences. Suppressed TSH levels have been associated with decreased bone density and with an increased risk of atrial fibrillation and premature atrial beat. It has been known for decades that overt hypothyroidism contributes to elevated serum cholesterol levels and cardiovascular risk and recent studies suggest this may also be true with subclinical hypothyroidism​.

This book provides comprehensive knowledge about thyroid gland and highlights the recent trends in the management of thyroid dysfunctions. Thyroid disorders are amongst the most prevalent of medical conditions possibly after diabetes.

This book compiles the latest information in the field of antibacterial discovery, especially with regard to the looming threat of multi-drug resistance.