Det är viktigt att den som arbetar med juridiska problem är orienterad i det juridiska källmaterialet och juristens arbetsmetoder för att skaffa sig nödvändig information. Syftet med FINNA RÄTT är att ge kunskap och vägledning i dessa ting. FINNA RÄTT behandlar såväl grundläggande frågor om den svenska rättsordningens uppbyggnad och det centrala rättskällematerialet som svårare frågor som dyker upp i mer ingående rättsutredningar. Boken orienterar också om rättskällor och dokumentation i europarätten och om information i digital form.

FINNA RÄTT används både i akademisk undervisning vid de juridiska fakulteterna och inom andra typer av rättsutbildning och av praktiskt verksamma jurister. FINNA RÄTT har skrivits av en författargrupp bestående av juris professorer vid Stockholms universitet. Hans-Heinrich Vogel är numera professor i Lund.

I den sextonde upplagan har texten genomgående aktualiserats och setts över. Kapitlet om informationssökning i digitala miljöer har nyskrivits.

Denna åttonde upplaga beaktar den fortsatt snabba vidareutvecklingen av unionsrätten och EU-domstolens praxis. Framställningen har kompletterats och fördjupats bland annat när det gäller skyddet för rättsstaten, unionsrättens rättsverkningar och aktuell rättsutveckling i en föränderlig värld. Europarättens ställning och tillämpning i svensk rätt behandlas fortlöpande och genomgående i boken.

Europarättens grunder ger en grundläggande, samlad framställning om EU och unionsrätten med inriktning på centrala områden. Tyngdpunkten ligger på EU:s konstitutionella uppbyggnad, unionsrättens ställning och processordning samt den inre marknaden, fria rörligheten och konkurrensrätten. Det svenska perspektivet observeras särskilt.

Sverige har varit med i EU i trettio år men många frågar sig nog vad medlemskapet egentligen innebär. Stämmer det att medlemsländerna alltid måste göra som Bryssel bestämmer? Hur mycket inflytande har ett mindre land som Sverige? Och kommer EU snart att bli ännu större? Denna bok, nu i färsk och uppdaterad ny upplaga, är en aktuell och lättillgänglig framställning om EU utifrån ett svenskt perspektiv. Den behandlar bland annat:

• hur EU kommit till

• hur unionen styrs

• hur maktstruktur och regelverk ser ut

Särskild tonvikt ligger på viktiga och centrala områden som den inre marknaden och de fyra friheterna, euron, konkurrensen, det utrikes- och säkerhetspolitiska samarbetet samt medborgarnas ställning och rättigheter. Även övergripande frågor som ”Vart går EU?” behandlas.

Boken riktar sig både till den intresserade och till den som behöver veta mer om EU för sitt arbete. Den är lämplig för högskoleutbildningar där det finns behov av en grundläggande orientering om EU och passar även för fördjupade gymnasiestudier. Denna upplaga har uppdaterats bland annat med hänsyn till de senaste årens snabba utveckling, inte minst de olika kriser som ställt, och alltjämt ställer, EU inför stora utmaningar

Svensk och europeisk marknadsrätt 1 är en grundläggande bok om konkurrensrätten och marknadsekonomins rättsliga grundvalar. Boken ger en samlad framställning av ämnesområdet med betoning på principerna och de materiella huvudreglerna. I första hand läggs fokus på den svenska konkurrensrätten. Den behandlas dock fortlöpande mot bakgrund av läget inom EU.

Svensk och europeisk marknadsrätt 1 tar främst upp konkurrenslagstiftningens uppbyggnad, förbudet mot konkurrensbegränsande avtal och samordnade förfaranden, möjligheterna till undantag, missbruk av dominerande ställning, koncentrationskontrollen samt förfarande och sanktioner etc. Här belyses bakgrundsvis EU:s inre marknadsrätt, skyddet för näringsfriheten, tillåtligheten av monopol och statsstöd, offentlig upphandling, angränsande avtals- och skadeståndsrättsliga frågor m.m.

Denna sjätte upplaga är helt aktualiserad med hänsyn till den snabba rättsutvecklingen. Nya regler om horisontella och vertikala avtala samt Konkurrensverkets nya befogenheter behandlas i boken.

Boken är avsedd både som lärobok och som ett arbete till ledning vid praktisk tillämpning.

Immaterialrätt och otillbörlig konkurrens ger en samlad framställning av hela ämnesområdet. Boken är välkänd och allmänt använd alltsedan första upplagan kom ut 1983 och utgör standardverket över svensk immaterialrätt. Framställningen i sjuttonde upplagan har genomgående omarbetats och har i väsentlig mån reviderats med hänsyn till den snabba utvecklingen och de många nyheterna i europeisk och svensk lagstiftning, rättspraxis och doktrin. Sjuttonde upplagan speglar områdets starkt ökade ekonomiska betydelse och snabba europeisering.

Boken behandlar bl.a.

upphovsrätten skyddet för författare, konstnärer, kompositörer, artister, fotografer m.fl. patenträtten skyddet för uppfinningar mönsterrätten skyddet för formgivning känneteckensrätten skyddet för varumärken av olika slag, företagsnamn, efternamn, domännamn m.m. otillbörlig konkurrens reglerna om vilseledande efterbildning, företagshemligheter, licensavtal, konkurrensklausuler m.m.

Boken fokuserar i första hand på immaterialrättigheternas utformning, faktiska funktion och tillämpning i praxis. Boken används som lärobok i juristutbildningen och vänder sig också till jurister, patentombud, kulturadministratörer, marknadskommunikatörer och andra som har kontakt med ämnesområdet eller någon av dess delar.

Författarna har stor erfarenhet inom ämnesområdet. De svarar gemensamt för framställningens uppläggning. Immaterialrätt och otillbörlig konkurrens har utarbetats inom ramen för verksamheten vid Stockholm Centre for Commercial Law, SCCL, vid Stockholms universitet.

Standardavtalsrätt är en sedan länge välkänd och ofta använd lärobok i avtalsrätt med särskild inriktning på användningen av standardavtal och kontrollen av oskäliga avtalsvillkor. Den behandlar både kommersiell avtalsrätt och konsumenträtt.Boken har fått en omfattande användning i det praktiska rättslivet, inte minstbland advokater och domare.I denna upplaga har framställningen omarbetats väsentligt och gjorts mer probleminriktad. Viktig ny rättspraxis har kommit till, främst från HD men även från EU-domstolen. Rättsutvecklingen på grundval av EU:s avtalsvillkorsdirektiv har särskilt uppmärksammats.Boken behandlar bland annat standardavtalens funktion och förhållandet till handelsbruk, standardvillkors införlivande med det enskilda avtalet, principerna för tolkning av standardavtal, tvingande lagstiftning och oskäliga villkor, tillämpningen av generalklausulen i 36 § avtalslagen, tillämpningen av de särskilda avtalsvillkorslagarna.

Marknadsföringsrätten är en grundläggande bok i ämnet. Den ger en samlad framställning av området på grundval av marknadsföringslagen och den bakomliggande unionsrätten. Denna andra upplaga är till stora delar omarbetad eller omskriven.

Boken behandlar både skyddet för konsumenter och för näringsidkare mot otillbörliga affärsmetoder av olika slag. Den lägger särskild tyngdpunkt på ämnesområdets centrala frågor, såsom bedömningen av vilseledande marknadsföring och efterbildning samt utvecklingen i domstolarnas omfattande praxis.

Boken är helt fristående i förhållande till Svensk och europeisk marknadsrätt 1, som särskilt behandlar konkurrensrätten.

Boken är avsedd både som lärobok och som ett arbete till ledning vid den praktiska tillämpningen av marknadsföringslagen.

ULF BERNITZ är professor i Europarätt vid Stockholms universitet och har lång erfarenhet av ämnesområdet som författare och rådgivare. Han ledde den statliga utredning som ledde fram till 1995 års marknadsföringslag. Han är även knuten till University of Oxford.

Europarätten har fått ett stort genomslag och intar numera en central roll i de nationella rättsordningarna. Detta tack vare medlemsstaternas och de nationella domstolarnas övervägande acceptans av europarätten trots att den griper in, påverkar, förändrar, tar över och i vissa fall till och med underkänner nationell rätt. Acceptansen är dock inte ovillkorlig utan europa rätten bygger på en levande dialog; ett kritiskt utbyte av tankar. Avsikten med boken Kritiskt tänkande inom europarätten är att den ska, tillsammans med en huvudbok i europarätt och väl anpassade seminarieövningar, refl ektera över de underliggande rättsliga spänningsfälten och utmaningarna som EU ständigt står inför. Boken utgör på så vis ett steg på vägen för juridikstuderande till ett självständigt kritiskt förhållningssätt till europarätten.

The growing use of private labels in recent years has affected significantly the landscape of retail competition, with major retailers no longer being confined to their traditional role as purchasers and distributors of branded goods. By selling their own-label products within their outlets they are competing with their upstream brand suppliers for sales and shelf space. This unique relationship, and the continued strengthening of private labels, raises important questions as to their pro-competitive effects and possible negative effects. This book provides an in-depth review of the range of competitive and intellectual property issues raised in connection with private brands in Europe and the US. It examines the development of private labels and their impact on retail competition, then moves on to focus on policy and question the adequacy of current economic and legal analysis in light of the characteristics of own-label competition, and finally it presents a thorough evaluation of the legal issues in the field, including chapters on horizontal and vertical effects, dominance, mergers and acquisitions, intellectual property, copycat packaging and consumer welfare.The book contains a collection of essays reflecting the debate on the impact of private labels upon competition, investment and innovation in the retail sector. The ideas and arguments underlying the articles have been developed through a series of seminars held in the Oxford Centre for Competition Law and Policy over the last three years. Participants in these seminars have included competition officials, law academics, practitioners and representatives from industry.

The financial crisis has brought about a revival of state protectionism across the globe. Most Western leaders have made a virtue of big government and state intervention; bail-outs and Sovereign Wealth Funds have been among the first responses to the economic contraction. Company law rules are one of the instruments frequently used to restrict or to discourage integration or to deter foreign investment. Examples for the new protectionism can be seen in a wide range of legislative and regulatory measures, for instance state measures preventing foreign takeovers, 'golden shares' or laws on foreign direct investment targeting Sovereign Wealth Funds, mainly from Asia. This book presents timely research by a number of company law and EU law experts into this field of law. The chapters cover a broad range of topics, spanning from takeovers/mergers over the one share-one vote debate through to the foreclosure of markets against Sovereign Wealth Funds.

The law on marketing and advertising has undergone profound changes based on the EU directives on unfair commercial practices and misleading and comparative advertising. The legislation partially requires full harmonisation and contains a comprehensive blacklist of prohibited practices. However, in other areas, only minimum harmonisation is required. A comprehensive case law from the CJEU has emerged, but still many issues remain open, unclear and debated. The EU Commission has an active interest in the field and has published numerous reports on the question. In addition it has developed revised, comprehensive guidelines on marketing business to consumer (B2C), which are fully discussed here. Further Commission initiatives in the area on business to business (B2B) marketing are also in the making, underlining the importance of this new collection.

The law on marketing and advertising has undergone profound changes based on the EU directives on unfair commercial practices and misleading and comparative advertising. The legislation partially requires full harmonisation and contains a comprehensive blacklist of prohibited practices. However, in other areas, only minimum harmonisation is required. A comprehensive case law from the CJEU has emerged, but still many issues remain open, unclear and debated. The EU Commission has an active interest in the field and has published numerous reports on the question. In addition it has developed revised, comprehensive guidelines on marketing business to consumer (B2C), which are fully discussed here. Further Commission initiatives in the area on business to business (B2B) marketing are also in the making, underlining the importance of this new collection.

The law on marketing and advertising has undergone profound changes based on the EU directives on unfair commercial practices and misleading and comparative advertising. The legislation partially requires full harmonisation and contains a comprehensive blacklist of prohibited practices. However, in other areas, only minimum harmonisation is required. A comprehensive case law from the CJEU has emerged, but still many issues remain open, unclear and debated. The EU Commission has an active interest in the field and has published numerous reports on the question. In addition it has developed revised, comprehensive guidelines on marketing business to consumer (B2C), which are fully discussed here. Further Commission initiatives in the area on business to business (B2B) marketing are also in the making, underlining the importance of this new collection.

The entry into force of the Treaty of Lisbon in 2009 caused the EU's Charter of Fundamental Rights to be granted binding effect. This raised a host of intriguing questions. Would this transform the EU's commitment to fundamental rights? Should it transform that commitment? How, if at all, can we balance competing rights and principles? (The interaction of the social and the economic spheres offers a particular challenge). How deeply does the EU conception of fundamental rights reach into and bind national law and practice? How deeply does it affect private parties? How much flexibility has been left to the Court in making these interpretative choices? What is the likely effect of another of the reforms achieved by the Lisbon Treaty, the commitment of the EU to accede to the ECHR? This book addresses all of these questions in the light of five years of practice under the Charter as a binding instrument.

The law on marketing and advertising has undergone profound changes based on the EU directives on unfair commercial practices and misleading and comparative advertising. The legislation partially requires full harmonisation and contains a comprehensive blacklist of prohibited practices. However, in other areas, only minimum harmonisation is required. A comprehensive case law from the CJEU has emerged, but still many issues remain open, unclear and debated. The EU Commission has an active interest in the field and has published numerous reports on the question. In addition it has developed revised, comprehensive guidelines on marketing business to consumer (B2C), which are fully discussed here. Further Commission initiatives in the area on business to business (B2B) marketing are also in the making, underlining the importance of this new collection.

The changes made by the Lisbon Treaty suggest that its entry into force in December 2009 marks a new stage in the shaping of the EU''s commitment to the protection of fundamental rights. This book''s concern is to provide an examination of the several (and interlocking) challenges which the Lisbon reforms present. The book will not only address the fresh and intriguing challenges for the EU as an entity committed to the protection and promotion of fundamental rights presented by developments ''post-Lisbon'', but also a number of conundrums about the scope and method of protection of fundamental rights in the EU which existed ''pre-Lisbon'' and which endure. The book consists of three parts. The first part is concerned with the safeguarding of fundamental rights in Europe''s internal market. The second part of the book is entitled ''The Scope of Fundamental Rights in EU Law'' and the chapters discuss the reach of fundamental rights and their horizontal dimension. The last part of this book deals with ''The Constitutional Dimension of Fundamental Rights'' analysing the special relationship between the ECJ and the ECtHR and the issue of rights competition between the EU Charter on Fundamental Rights, the European Convention on Human Rights and national rights catalogues.

The changes made by the Lisbon Treaty suggest that its entry into force in December 2009 marks a new stage in the shaping of the EU''s commitment to the protection of fundamental rights. This book''s concern is to provide an examination of the several (and interlocking) challenges which the Lisbon reforms present. The book will not only address the fresh and intriguing challenges for the EU as an entity committed to the protection and promotion of fundamental rights presented by developments ''post-Lisbon'', but also a number of conundrums about the scope and method of protection of fundamental rights in the EU which existed ''pre-Lisbon'' and which endure. The book consists of three parts. The first part is concerned with the safeguarding of fundamental rights in Europe''s internal market. The second part of the book is entitled ''The Scope of Fundamental Rights in EU Law'' and the chapters discuss the reach of fundamental rights and their horizontal dimension. The last part of this book deals with ''The Constitutional Dimension of Fundamental Rights'' analysing the special relationship between the ECJ and the ECtHR and the issue of rights competition between the EU Charter on Fundamental Rights, the European Convention on Human Rights and national rights catalogues.

The entry into force of the Treaty of Lisbon in 2009 caused the EU''s Charter of Fundamental Rights to be granted binding effect. This raised a host of intriguing questions. Would this transform the EU''s commitment to fundamental rights? Should it transform that commitment? How, if at all, can we balance competing rights and principles? (The interaction of the social and the economic spheres offers a particular challenge). How deeply does the EU conception of fundamental rights reach into and bind national law and practice? How deeply does it affect private parties? How much flexibility has been left to the Court in making these interpretative choices? What is the likely effect of another of the reforms achieved by the Lisbon Treaty, the commitment of the EU to accede to the ECHR? This book addresses all of these questions in the light of five years of practice under the Charter as a binding instrument.

The entry into force of the Treaty of Lisbon in 2009 caused the EU''s Charter of Fundamental Rights to be granted binding effect. This raised a host of intriguing questions. Would this transform the EU''s commitment to fundamental rights? Should it transform that commitment? How, if at all, can we balance competing rights and principles? (The interaction of the social and the economic spheres offers a particular challenge). How deeply does the EU conception of fundamental rights reach into and bind national law and practice? How deeply does it affect private parties? How much flexibility has been left to the Court in making these interpretative choices? What is the likely effect of another of the reforms achieved by the Lisbon Treaty, the commitment of the EU to accede to the ECHR? This book addresses all of these questions in the light of five years of practice under the Charter as a binding instrument.

The entry into force of the Treaty of Lisbon in 2009 caused the EU's Charter of Fundamental Rights to be granted binding effect. This raised a host of intriguing questions. Would this transform the EU's commitment to fundamental rights? Should it transform that commitment? How, if at all, can we balance competing rights and principles? (The interaction of the social and the economic spheres offers a particular challenge). How deeply does the EU conception of fundamental rights reach into and bind national law and practice? How deeply does it affect private parties? How much flexibility has been left to the Court in making these interpretative choices? What is the likely effect of another of the reforms achieved by the Lisbon Treaty, the commitment of the EU to accede to the ECHR? This book addresses all of these questions in the light of five years of practice under the Charter as a binding instrument.

Bridging the Prosperity Gap in the EU addresses the great social challenge currently facing the European Union. Taking an interdisciplinary approach, the authors invaluably pinpoint both overarching problems and possibilities associated with the social dimension of European integration.Prominent researchers of economics, law and political science tackle this complex issue, providing new solutions within their respective fields of expertise. The chapters cover crucial policy challenges and analyse fundamental mechanisms that limit, or otherwise affect, the evolution of a European social dimension. These insights clarify the far-reaching measures that will be needed to gradually restore the balance between market integration and social protection across the European Union. Illustrating the importance of cohesion, this book is vital for those interested in comparative European studies, from backgrounds in public and social policy, law and economics.Contributors include: U. Bernitz, N. Charron, A.-C. Jungar, A.-S. Lind, M. Ljunge, L. Magnusson, M. Martensson, S. Murhem, P. Nyman, L. Oxelheim, J. Paju, T. Persson, B. Rothstein, J. Ruist, J.J. Votinius

Bridging the Prosperity Gap in the EU addresses the great social challenge currently facing the European Union. Taking an interdisciplinary approach, the authors invaluably pinpoint both overarching problems and possibilities associated with the social dimension of European integration.

Prominent researchers of economics, law and political science tackle this complex issue, providing new solutions within their respective fields of expertise. The chapters cover crucial policy challenges and analyse fundamental mechanisms that limit, or otherwise affect, the evolution of a European social dimension. These insights clarify the far-reaching measures that will be needed to gradually restore the balance between market integration and social protection across the European Union.

Illustrating the importance of cohesion, this book is vital for those interested in comparative European studies, from backgrounds in public and social policy, law and economics.

Contributors include: U. Bernitz, N. Charron, A.-C. Jungar, A.-S. Lind, M. Ljunge, L. Magnusson, M. Martensson, S. Murhem, P. Nyman, L. Oxelheim, J. Paju, T. Persson, B. Rothstein, J. Ruist, J.J. Votinius

The essays gathered in this collection examine the involvement of self-governing sub-national and regional actors in the law and policy-making of the European Union. State power is today exercised in the context of the complex institutional environment of the EU. But what of regions and sub-national actors? Are their interests adequately represented; can they advance them or can they,at least, protect them from unwitting or calculated damage? This book surveys the broad questions of law and political science and investigates the contribution of the EU's Committee of the Regions and also 'bottom-up' initiatives launched by the regions themselves. Given that much regional autonomy has been hard won, one would suppose that the centralising influence flowing from the EU's intrusion into the domestic settlement would be treated with extreme caution by the regions. Moreover, among the Member States there is great diversity in the patterns of political organisation adopted to cope with the tension between the centralisation of power and respect for local autonomy. Case studies including Spain, Germany and Finland reveal that there is no single consistent historical narrative.States change, as the UK's recent experience illustrates. The book offers findings that are interesting at a general level in investigating patterns of multi-level governance, but is also rich in case-specific information.

This book represents the fruit of a conference held in Oxford on March 3, 2006 under the auspices of the Institute of European and Comparative Law in the Oxford University Law Faculty. Directive 2005/29 is an important new measure in the construction of a legal framework apt to promote an integrated economic space in the European Union. It establishes a harmonised regime governing the control of unfair commercial practices. As such it represents an important exercise in the use of new rules and new techniques, and therefore poses new challenges to EU lawyers. The purpose of this book is to inform and to explore the issues raised by the Directive, issues which are of academic and practical interest, in helping to understand the evolution of European consumer law within the broader programme of European market regulation. The intense practical significance of this Directive, which heralds a new regime, is likely to provoke commercial operators to seek to exploit opportunities to pursue practices previously suppressed.

The essays gathered in this collection examine the involvement of self-governing sub-national and regional actors in the law and policy-making of the European Union. State power is today exercised in the context of the complex institutional environment of the EU. But what of regions and sub-national actors? Are their interests adequately represented; can they advance them or can they,at least, protect them from unwitting or calculated damage? This book surveys the broad questions of law and political science and investigates the contribution of the EU''s Committee of the Regions and also ''bottom-up'' initiatives launched by the regions themselves. Given that much regional autonomy has been hard won, one would suppose that the centralising influence flowing from the EU''s intrusion into the domestic settlement would be treated with extreme caution by the regions. Moreover, among the Member States there is great diversity in the patterns of political organisation adopted to cope with the tension between the centralisation of power and respect for local autonomy. Case studies including Spain, Germany and Finland reveal that there is no single consistent historical narrative. States change, as the UK''s recent experience illustrates. The book offers findings that are interesting at a general level in investigating patterns of multi-level governance, but is also rich in case-specific information.

This book represents the fruit of a conference held in Oxford on March 3, 2006 under the auspices of the Institute of European and Comparative Law in the Oxford University Law Faculty. Directive 2005/29 is an important new measure in the construction of a legal framework apt to promote an integrated economic space in the European Union. It establishes a harmonised regime governing the control of unfair commercial practices. As such it represents an important exercise in the use of new rules and new techniques, and therefore poses new challenges to EU lawyers. The purpose of this book is to inform and to explore the issues raised by the Directive, issues which are of academic and practical interest, in helping to understand the evolution of European consumer law within the broader programme of European market regulation. The intense practical significance of this Directive, which heralds a new regime, is likely to provoke commercial operators to seek to exploit opportunities to pursue practices previously suppressed.

The changes made by the Lisbon Treaty suggest that its entry into force in December 2009 marks a new stage in the shaping of the EU's commitment to the protection of fundamental rights. This book's concern is to provide an examination of the several (and interlocking) challenges which the Lisbon reforms present. The book will not only address the fresh and intriguing challenges for the EU as an entity committed to the protection and promotion of fundamental rights presented by developments 'post-Lisbon', but also a number of conundrums about the scope and method of protection of fundamental rights in the EU which existed 'pre-Lisbon' and which endure. The book consists of three parts. The first part is concerned with the safeguarding of fundamental rights in Europe's internal market. The second part of the book is entitled 'The Scope of Fundamental Rights in EU Law' and the chapters discuss the reach of fundamental rights and their horizontal dimension. The last part of this book deals with 'The Constitutional Dimension of Fundamental Rights' analysing the special relationship between the ECJ and the ECtHR and the issue of rights competition between the EU Charter on Fundamental Rights, the European Convention on Human Rights and national rights catalogues.

What are the basic principles underlying European Community Law? Although no one seeks a purely descriptive answer to this question, the discussion it gives rise to is of immense significance both for theoretical legal studies and for legal practice. Over the years, scholars have convened from time to time to re-examine the question in the light of new developments. This important volume offers insights and findings of the latest such conference, held at Stockholm in March 2007, and sponsored by the Swedish Network for European Legal Studies. The nineteen essays here printed are all final author-edited versions of papers first presented at that conference. Far from merely an updating of the First Edition, which marked a 1999 conference held under the same auspices at Malmö, this book is entirely new. It underscores the importance of discovering the emergence of new general principles—linked, indeed, to such fundamental continuing concerns as democracy, accountability, transparency, direct effect, good administration, and European citizenship—as they develop in such increasingly important areas as the following: core aspects of competition and financial integration law; the ongoing process of European constitutionalization; the application of general principles in the new Member States; the growth of European private law; the successive creation of a jus commune europaeum; and the instrumental function of the EC Court. There is also special consideration attached to such overriding issues as the gap-filling function of the principles within the Community legal system, and the implications of the use of a comparative methodology. The authors include both eminent, well-known experts, many of whom took part in the 1999 Conference, and representatives of a new generation of younger scholars in the field. For the myriad parties involved in the evolution of the European project from a legal perspective, this book serves as a watershed, a thorough inspection of the foundations as they are perceived and understood at the present moment. It is sure to be consulted and cited often in the years to come.

Det är viktigt att den som arbetar med juridiska problem är orienterad i det juridiska källmaterialet och juristens arbetsmetoder för att skaffa sig nödvändig information. Syftet med FINNA RÄTT är att ge kunskap och vägledning i dessa ting. FINNA RÄTT behandlar såväl grundläggande frågor om den svenska rättsordningens uppbyggnad och det centrala rättskällematerialet som svårare frågor som dyker upp i mer ingående rättsutredningar. Boken orienterar också om rättskällor och dokumentation i europarätten och om information i digital form.

FINNA RÄTT används både i akademisk undervisning vid de juridiska fakulteterna och inom andra typer av rättsutbildning och av praktiskt verksamma jurister. FINNA RÄTT har skrivits av en författargrupp bestående av juris professorer vid Stockholms universitet. Hans-Heinrich Vogel är numera professor i Lund.

I den sextonde upplagan har texten genomgående aktualiserats och setts över. Kapitlet om informationssökning i digitala miljöer har nyskrivits.

Denna åttonde upplaga beaktar den fortsatt snabba vidareutvecklingen av unionsrätten och EU-domstolens praxis. Framställningen har kompletterats och fördjupats bland annat när det gäller skyddet för rättsstaten, unionsrättens rättsverkningar och aktuell rättsutveckling i en föränderlig värld. Europarättens ställning och tillämpning i svensk rätt behandlas fortlöpande och genomgående i boken.

Europarättens grunder ger en grundläggande, samlad framställning om EU och unionsrätten med inriktning på centrala områden. Tyngdpunkten ligger på EU:s konstitutionella uppbyggnad, unionsrättens ställning och processordning samt den inre marknaden, fria rörligheten och konkurrensrätten. Det svenska perspektivet observeras särskilt.

Sverige har varit med i EU i trettio år men många frågar sig nog vad medlemskapet egentligen innebär. Stämmer det att medlemsländerna alltid måste göra som Bryssel bestämmer? Hur mycket inflytande har ett mindre land som Sverige? Och kommer EU snart att bli ännu större? Denna bok, nu i färsk och uppdaterad ny upplaga, är en aktuell och lättillgänglig framställning om EU utifrån ett svenskt perspektiv. Den behandlar bland annat:

• hur EU kommit till

• hur unionen styrs

• hur maktstruktur och regelverk ser ut

Särskild tonvikt ligger på viktiga och centrala områden som den inre marknaden och de fyra friheterna, euron, konkurrensen, det utrikes- och säkerhetspolitiska samarbetet samt medborgarnas ställning och rättigheter. Även övergripande frågor som ”Vart går EU?” behandlas.

Boken riktar sig både till den intresserade och till den som behöver veta mer om EU för sitt arbete. Den är lämplig för högskoleutbildningar där det finns behov av en grundläggande orientering om EU och passar även för fördjupade gymnasiestudier. Denna upplaga har uppdaterats bland annat med hänsyn till de senaste årens snabba utveckling, inte minst de olika kriser som ställt, och alltjämt ställer, EU inför stora utmaningar

Svensk och europeisk marknadsrätt 1 är en grundläggande bok om konkurrensrätten och marknadsekonomins rättsliga grundvalar. Boken ger en samlad framställning av ämnesområdet med betoning på principerna och de materiella huvudreglerna. I första hand läggs fokus på den svenska konkurrensrätten. Den behandlas dock fortlöpande mot bakgrund av läget inom EU.

Svensk och europeisk marknadsrätt 1 tar främst upp konkurrenslagstiftningens uppbyggnad, förbudet mot konkurrensbegränsande avtal och samordnade förfaranden, möjligheterna till undantag, missbruk av dominerande ställning, koncentrationskontrollen samt förfarande och sanktioner etc. Här belyses bakgrundsvis EU:s inre marknadsrätt, skyddet för näringsfriheten, tillåtligheten av monopol och statsstöd, offentlig upphandling, angränsande avtals- och skadeståndsrättsliga frågor m.m.

Denna sjätte upplaga är helt aktualiserad med hänsyn till den snabba rättsutvecklingen. Nya regler om horisontella och vertikala avtala samt Konkurrensverkets nya befogenheter behandlas i boken.

Boken är avsedd både som lärobok och som ett arbete till ledning vid praktisk tillämpning.

Immaterialrätt och otillbörlig konkurrens ger en samlad framställning av hela ämnesområdet. Boken är välkänd och allmänt använd alltsedan första upplagan kom ut 1983 och utgör standardverket över svensk immaterialrätt. Framställningen i sjuttonde upplagan har genomgående omarbetats och har i väsentlig mån reviderats med hänsyn till den snabba utvecklingen och de många nyheterna i europeisk och svensk lagstiftning, rättspraxis och doktrin. Sjuttonde upplagan speglar områdets starkt ökade ekonomiska betydelse och snabba europeisering.

Boken behandlar bl.a.

upphovsrätten skyddet för författare, konstnärer, kompositörer, artister, fotografer m.fl. patenträtten skyddet för uppfinningar mönsterrätten skyddet för formgivning känneteckensrätten skyddet för varumärken av olika slag, företagsnamn, efternamn, domännamn m.m. otillbörlig konkurrens reglerna om vilseledande efterbildning, företagshemligheter, licensavtal, konkurrensklausuler m.m.

Boken fokuserar i första hand på immaterialrättigheternas utformning, faktiska funktion och tillämpning i praxis. Boken används som lärobok i juristutbildningen och vänder sig också till jurister, patentombud, kulturadministratörer, marknadskommunikatörer och andra som har kontakt med ämnesområdet eller någon av dess delar.

Författarna har stor erfarenhet inom ämnesområdet. De svarar gemensamt för framställningens uppläggning. Immaterialrätt och otillbörlig konkurrens har utarbetats inom ramen för verksamheten vid Stockholm Centre for Commercial Law, SCCL, vid Stockholms universitet.

Standardavtalsrätt är en sedan länge välkänd och ofta använd lärobok i avtalsrätt med särskild inriktning på användningen av standardavtal och kontrollen av oskäliga avtalsvillkor. Den behandlar både kommersiell avtalsrätt och konsumenträtt.Boken har fått en omfattande användning i det praktiska rättslivet, inte minstbland advokater och domare.I denna upplaga har framställningen omarbetats väsentligt och gjorts mer probleminriktad. Viktig ny rättspraxis har kommit till, främst från HD men även från EU-domstolen. Rättsutvecklingen på grundval av EU:s avtalsvillkorsdirektiv har särskilt uppmärksammats.Boken behandlar bland annat standardavtalens funktion och förhållandet till handelsbruk, standardvillkors införlivande med det enskilda avtalet, principerna för tolkning av standardavtal, tvingande lagstiftning och oskäliga villkor, tillämpningen av generalklausulen i 36 § avtalslagen, tillämpningen av de särskilda avtalsvillkorslagarna.

Marknadsföringsrätten är en grundläggande bok i ämnet. Den ger en samlad framställning av området på grundval av marknadsföringslagen och den bakomliggande unionsrätten. Denna andra upplaga är till stora delar omarbetad eller omskriven.

Boken behandlar både skyddet för konsumenter och för näringsidkare mot otillbörliga affärsmetoder av olika slag. Den lägger särskild tyngdpunkt på ämnesområdets centrala frågor, såsom bedömningen av vilseledande marknadsföring och efterbildning samt utvecklingen i domstolarnas omfattande praxis.

Boken är helt fristående i förhållande till Svensk och europeisk marknadsrätt 1, som särskilt behandlar konkurrensrätten.

Boken är avsedd både som lärobok och som ett arbete till ledning vid den praktiska tillämpningen av marknadsföringslagen.

ULF BERNITZ är professor i Europarätt vid Stockholms universitet och har lång erfarenhet av ämnesområdet som författare och rådgivare. Han ledde den statliga utredning som ledde fram till 1995 års marknadsföringslag. Han är även knuten till University of Oxford.

Europarätten har fått ett stort genomslag och intar numera en central roll i de nationella rättsordningarna. Detta tack vare medlemsstaternas och de nationella domstolarnas övervägande acceptans av europarätten trots att den griper in, påverkar, förändrar, tar över och i vissa fall till och med underkänner nationell rätt. Acceptansen är dock inte ovillkorlig utan europa rätten bygger på en levande dialog; ett kritiskt utbyte av tankar. Avsikten med boken Kritiskt tänkande inom europarätten är att den ska, tillsammans med en huvudbok i europarätt och väl anpassade seminarieövningar, refl ektera över de underliggande rättsliga spänningsfälten och utmaningarna som EU ständigt står inför. Boken utgör på så vis ett steg på vägen för juridikstuderande till ett självständigt kritiskt förhållningssätt till europarätten.

The growing use of private labels in recent years has affected significantly the landscape of retail competition, with major retailers no longer being confined to their traditional role as purchasers and distributors of branded goods. By selling their own-label products within their outlets they are competing with their upstream brand suppliers for sales and shelf space. This unique relationship, and the continued strengthening of private labels, raises important questions as to their pro-competitive effects and possible negative effects. This book provides an in-depth review of the range of competitive and intellectual property issues raised in connection with private brands in Europe and the US. It examines the development of private labels and their impact on retail competition, then moves on to focus on policy and question the adequacy of current economic and legal analysis in light of the characteristics of own-label competition, and finally it presents a thorough evaluation of the legal issues in the field, including chapters on horizontal and vertical effects, dominance, mergers and acquisitions, intellectual property, copycat packaging and consumer welfare.The book contains a collection of essays reflecting the debate on the impact of private labels upon competition, investment and innovation in the retail sector. The ideas and arguments underlying the articles have been developed through a series of seminars held in the Oxford Centre for Competition Law and Policy over the last three years. Participants in these seminars have included competition officials, law academics, practitioners and representatives from industry.

The financial crisis has brought about a revival of state protectionism across the globe. Most Western leaders have made a virtue of big government and state intervention; bail-outs and Sovereign Wealth Funds have been among the first responses to the economic contraction. Company law rules are one of the instruments frequently used to restrict or to discourage integration or to deter foreign investment. Examples for the new protectionism can be seen in a wide range of legislative and regulatory measures, for instance state measures preventing foreign takeovers, 'golden shares' or laws on foreign direct investment targeting Sovereign Wealth Funds, mainly from Asia. This book presents timely research by a number of company law and EU law experts into this field of law. The chapters cover a broad range of topics, spanning from takeovers/mergers over the one share-one vote debate through to the foreclosure of markets against Sovereign Wealth Funds.

The law on marketing and advertising has undergone profound changes based on the EU directives on unfair commercial practices and misleading and comparative advertising. The legislation partially requires full harmonisation and contains a comprehensive blacklist of prohibited practices. However, in other areas, only minimum harmonisation is required. A comprehensive case law from the CJEU has emerged, but still many issues remain open, unclear and debated. The EU Commission has an active interest in the field and has published numerous reports on the question. In addition it has developed revised, comprehensive guidelines on marketing business to consumer (B2C), which are fully discussed here. Further Commission initiatives in the area on business to business (B2B) marketing are also in the making, underlining the importance of this new collection.

The law on marketing and advertising has undergone profound changes based on the EU directives on unfair commercial practices and misleading and comparative advertising. The legislation partially requires full harmonisation and contains a comprehensive blacklist of prohibited practices. However, in other areas, only minimum harmonisation is required. A comprehensive case law from the CJEU has emerged, but still many issues remain open, unclear and debated. The EU Commission has an active interest in the field and has published numerous reports on the question. In addition it has developed revised, comprehensive guidelines on marketing business to consumer (B2C), which are fully discussed here. Further Commission initiatives in the area on business to business (B2B) marketing are also in the making, underlining the importance of this new collection.

The law on marketing and advertising has undergone profound changes based on the EU directives on unfair commercial practices and misleading and comparative advertising. The legislation partially requires full harmonisation and contains a comprehensive blacklist of prohibited practices. However, in other areas, only minimum harmonisation is required. A comprehensive case law from the CJEU has emerged, but still many issues remain open, unclear and debated. The EU Commission has an active interest in the field and has published numerous reports on the question. In addition it has developed revised, comprehensive guidelines on marketing business to consumer (B2C), which are fully discussed here. Further Commission initiatives in the area on business to business (B2B) marketing are also in the making, underlining the importance of this new collection.

The entry into force of the Treaty of Lisbon in 2009 caused the EU's Charter of Fundamental Rights to be granted binding effect. This raised a host of intriguing questions. Would this transform the EU's commitment to fundamental rights? Should it transform that commitment? How, if at all, can we balance competing rights and principles? (The interaction of the social and the economic spheres offers a particular challenge). How deeply does the EU conception of fundamental rights reach into and bind national law and practice? How deeply does it affect private parties? How much flexibility has been left to the Court in making these interpretative choices? What is the likely effect of another of the reforms achieved by the Lisbon Treaty, the commitment of the EU to accede to the ECHR? This book addresses all of these questions in the light of five years of practice under the Charter as a binding instrument.

The law on marketing and advertising has undergone profound changes based on the EU directives on unfair commercial practices and misleading and comparative advertising. The legislation partially requires full harmonisation and contains a comprehensive blacklist of prohibited practices. However, in other areas, only minimum harmonisation is required. A comprehensive case law from the CJEU has emerged, but still many issues remain open, unclear and debated. The EU Commission has an active interest in the field and has published numerous reports on the question. In addition it has developed revised, comprehensive guidelines on marketing business to consumer (B2C), which are fully discussed here. Further Commission initiatives in the area on business to business (B2B) marketing are also in the making, underlining the importance of this new collection.

The changes made by the Lisbon Treaty suggest that its entry into force in December 2009 marks a new stage in the shaping of the EU''s commitment to the protection of fundamental rights. This book''s concern is to provide an examination of the several (and interlocking) challenges which the Lisbon reforms present. The book will not only address the fresh and intriguing challenges for the EU as an entity committed to the protection and promotion of fundamental rights presented by developments ''post-Lisbon'', but also a number of conundrums about the scope and method of protection of fundamental rights in the EU which existed ''pre-Lisbon'' and which endure. The book consists of three parts. The first part is concerned with the safeguarding of fundamental rights in Europe''s internal market. The second part of the book is entitled ''The Scope of Fundamental Rights in EU Law'' and the chapters discuss the reach of fundamental rights and their horizontal dimension. The last part of this book deals with ''The Constitutional Dimension of Fundamental Rights'' analysing the special relationship between the ECJ and the ECtHR and the issue of rights competition between the EU Charter on Fundamental Rights, the European Convention on Human Rights and national rights catalogues.

The changes made by the Lisbon Treaty suggest that its entry into force in December 2009 marks a new stage in the shaping of the EU''s commitment to the protection of fundamental rights. This book''s concern is to provide an examination of the several (and interlocking) challenges which the Lisbon reforms present. The book will not only address the fresh and intriguing challenges for the EU as an entity committed to the protection and promotion of fundamental rights presented by developments ''post-Lisbon'', but also a number of conundrums about the scope and method of protection of fundamental rights in the EU which existed ''pre-Lisbon'' and which endure. The book consists of three parts. The first part is concerned with the safeguarding of fundamental rights in Europe''s internal market. The second part of the book is entitled ''The Scope of Fundamental Rights in EU Law'' and the chapters discuss the reach of fundamental rights and their horizontal dimension. The last part of this book deals with ''The Constitutional Dimension of Fundamental Rights'' analysing the special relationship between the ECJ and the ECtHR and the issue of rights competition between the EU Charter on Fundamental Rights, the European Convention on Human Rights and national rights catalogues.

The entry into force of the Treaty of Lisbon in 2009 caused the EU''s Charter of Fundamental Rights to be granted binding effect. This raised a host of intriguing questions. Would this transform the EU''s commitment to fundamental rights? Should it transform that commitment? How, if at all, can we balance competing rights and principles? (The interaction of the social and the economic spheres offers a particular challenge). How deeply does the EU conception of fundamental rights reach into and bind national law and practice? How deeply does it affect private parties? How much flexibility has been left to the Court in making these interpretative choices? What is the likely effect of another of the reforms achieved by the Lisbon Treaty, the commitment of the EU to accede to the ECHR? This book addresses all of these questions in the light of five years of practice under the Charter as a binding instrument.

The entry into force of the Treaty of Lisbon in 2009 caused the EU''s Charter of Fundamental Rights to be granted binding effect. This raised a host of intriguing questions. Would this transform the EU''s commitment to fundamental rights? Should it transform that commitment? How, if at all, can we balance competing rights and principles? (The interaction of the social and the economic spheres offers a particular challenge). How deeply does the EU conception of fundamental rights reach into and bind national law and practice? How deeply does it affect private parties? How much flexibility has been left to the Court in making these interpretative choices? What is the likely effect of another of the reforms achieved by the Lisbon Treaty, the commitment of the EU to accede to the ECHR? This book addresses all of these questions in the light of five years of practice under the Charter as a binding instrument.

The entry into force of the Treaty of Lisbon in 2009 caused the EU's Charter of Fundamental Rights to be granted binding effect. This raised a host of intriguing questions. Would this transform the EU's commitment to fundamental rights? Should it transform that commitment? How, if at all, can we balance competing rights and principles? (The interaction of the social and the economic spheres offers a particular challenge). How deeply does the EU conception of fundamental rights reach into and bind national law and practice? How deeply does it affect private parties? How much flexibility has been left to the Court in making these interpretative choices? What is the likely effect of another of the reforms achieved by the Lisbon Treaty, the commitment of the EU to accede to the ECHR? This book addresses all of these questions in the light of five years of practice under the Charter as a binding instrument.

Bridging the Prosperity Gap in the EU addresses the great social challenge currently facing the European Union. Taking an interdisciplinary approach, the authors invaluably pinpoint both overarching problems and possibilities associated with the social dimension of European integration.Prominent researchers of economics, law and political science tackle this complex issue, providing new solutions within their respective fields of expertise. The chapters cover crucial policy challenges and analyse fundamental mechanisms that limit, or otherwise affect, the evolution of a European social dimension. These insights clarify the far-reaching measures that will be needed to gradually restore the balance between market integration and social protection across the European Union. Illustrating the importance of cohesion, this book is vital for those interested in comparative European studies, from backgrounds in public and social policy, law and economics.Contributors include: U. Bernitz, N. Charron, A.-C. Jungar, A.-S. Lind, M. Ljunge, L. Magnusson, M. Martensson, S. Murhem, P. Nyman, L. Oxelheim, J. Paju, T. Persson, B. Rothstein, J. Ruist, J.J. Votinius

Bridging the Prosperity Gap in the EU addresses the great social challenge currently facing the European Union. Taking an interdisciplinary approach, the authors invaluably pinpoint both overarching problems and possibilities associated with the social dimension of European integration.

Prominent researchers of economics, law and political science tackle this complex issue, providing new solutions within their respective fields of expertise. The chapters cover crucial policy challenges and analyse fundamental mechanisms that limit, or otherwise affect, the evolution of a European social dimension. These insights clarify the far-reaching measures that will be needed to gradually restore the balance between market integration and social protection across the European Union.

Illustrating the importance of cohesion, this book is vital for those interested in comparative European studies, from backgrounds in public and social policy, law and economics.

Contributors include: U. Bernitz, N. Charron, A.-C. Jungar, A.-S. Lind, M. Ljunge, L. Magnusson, M. Martensson, S. Murhem, P. Nyman, L. Oxelheim, J. Paju, T. Persson, B. Rothstein, J. Ruist, J.J. Votinius

The essays gathered in this collection examine the involvement of self-governing sub-national and regional actors in the law and policy-making of the European Union. State power is today exercised in the context of the complex institutional environment of the EU. But what of regions and sub-national actors? Are their interests adequately represented; can they advance them or can they,at least, protect them from unwitting or calculated damage? This book surveys the broad questions of law and political science and investigates the contribution of the EU's Committee of the Regions and also 'bottom-up' initiatives launched by the regions themselves. Given that much regional autonomy has been hard won, one would suppose that the centralising influence flowing from the EU's intrusion into the domestic settlement would be treated with extreme caution by the regions. Moreover, among the Member States there is great diversity in the patterns of political organisation adopted to cope with the tension between the centralisation of power and respect for local autonomy. Case studies including Spain, Germany and Finland reveal that there is no single consistent historical narrative.States change, as the UK's recent experience illustrates. The book offers findings that are interesting at a general level in investigating patterns of multi-level governance, but is also rich in case-specific information.

This book represents the fruit of a conference held in Oxford on March 3, 2006 under the auspices of the Institute of European and Comparative Law in the Oxford University Law Faculty. Directive 2005/29 is an important new measure in the construction of a legal framework apt to promote an integrated economic space in the European Union. It establishes a harmonised regime governing the control of unfair commercial practices. As such it represents an important exercise in the use of new rules and new techniques, and therefore poses new challenges to EU lawyers. The purpose of this book is to inform and to explore the issues raised by the Directive, issues which are of academic and practical interest, in helping to understand the evolution of European consumer law within the broader programme of European market regulation. The intense practical significance of this Directive, which heralds a new regime, is likely to provoke commercial operators to seek to exploit opportunities to pursue practices previously suppressed.

The essays gathered in this collection examine the involvement of self-governing sub-national and regional actors in the law and policy-making of the European Union. State power is today exercised in the context of the complex institutional environment of the EU. But what of regions and sub-national actors? Are their interests adequately represented; can they advance them or can they,at least, protect them from unwitting or calculated damage? This book surveys the broad questions of law and political science and investigates the contribution of the EU''s Committee of the Regions and also ''bottom-up'' initiatives launched by the regions themselves. Given that much regional autonomy has been hard won, one would suppose that the centralising influence flowing from the EU''s intrusion into the domestic settlement would be treated with extreme caution by the regions. Moreover, among the Member States there is great diversity in the patterns of political organisation adopted to cope with the tension between the centralisation of power and respect for local autonomy. Case studies including Spain, Germany and Finland reveal that there is no single consistent historical narrative. States change, as the UK''s recent experience illustrates. The book offers findings that are interesting at a general level in investigating patterns of multi-level governance, but is also rich in case-specific information.

This book represents the fruit of a conference held in Oxford on March 3, 2006 under the auspices of the Institute of European and Comparative Law in the Oxford University Law Faculty. Directive 2005/29 is an important new measure in the construction of a legal framework apt to promote an integrated economic space in the European Union. It establishes a harmonised regime governing the control of unfair commercial practices. As such it represents an important exercise in the use of new rules and new techniques, and therefore poses new challenges to EU lawyers. The purpose of this book is to inform and to explore the issues raised by the Directive, issues which are of academic and practical interest, in helping to understand the evolution of European consumer law within the broader programme of European market regulation. The intense practical significance of this Directive, which heralds a new regime, is likely to provoke commercial operators to seek to exploit opportunities to pursue practices previously suppressed.

The changes made by the Lisbon Treaty suggest that its entry into force in December 2009 marks a new stage in the shaping of the EU's commitment to the protection of fundamental rights. This book's concern is to provide an examination of the several (and interlocking) challenges which the Lisbon reforms present. The book will not only address the fresh and intriguing challenges for the EU as an entity committed to the protection and promotion of fundamental rights presented by developments 'post-Lisbon', but also a number of conundrums about the scope and method of protection of fundamental rights in the EU which existed 'pre-Lisbon' and which endure. The book consists of three parts. The first part is concerned with the safeguarding of fundamental rights in Europe's internal market. The second part of the book is entitled 'The Scope of Fundamental Rights in EU Law' and the chapters discuss the reach of fundamental rights and their horizontal dimension. The last part of this book deals with 'The Constitutional Dimension of Fundamental Rights' analysing the special relationship between the ECJ and the ECtHR and the issue of rights competition between the EU Charter on Fundamental Rights, the European Convention on Human Rights and national rights catalogues.

What are the basic principles underlying European Community Law? Although no one seeks a purely descriptive answer to this question, the discussion it gives rise to is of immense significance both for theoretical legal studies and for legal practice. Over the years, scholars have convened from time to time to re-examine the question in the light of new developments. This important volume offers insights and findings of the latest such conference, held at Stockholm in March 2007, and sponsored by the Swedish Network for European Legal Studies. The nineteen essays here printed are all final author-edited versions of papers first presented at that conference. Far from merely an updating of the First Edition, which marked a 1999 conference held under the same auspices at Malmö, this book is entirely new. It underscores the importance of discovering the emergence of new general principles—linked, indeed, to such fundamental continuing concerns as democracy, accountability, transparency, direct effect, good administration, and European citizenship—as they develop in such increasingly important areas as the following: core aspects of competition and financial integration law; the ongoing process of European constitutionalization; the application of general principles in the new Member States; the growth of European private law; the successive creation of a jus commune europaeum; and the instrumental function of the EC Court. There is also special consideration attached to such overriding issues as the gap-filling function of the principles within the Community legal system, and the implications of the use of a comparative methodology. The authors include both eminent, well-known experts, many of whom took part in the 1999 Conference, and representatives of a new generation of younger scholars in the field. For the myriad parties involved in the evolution of the European project from a legal perspective, this book serves as a watershed, a thorough inspection of the foundations as they are perceived and understood at the present moment. It is sure to be consulted and cited often in the years to come.