Este libro tiene por objeto fundamentar las decisiones en la atención de maternas con conocimientos actualizados y prácticos que mejoren los resultados obstétricos y perinatales del binomio madre-feto.Desarrollado en siete capítulos, con decenas de figuras, inicia describiendo los eventos fisiológicos hormonales, inmunológicos y enzimáticos producidos en la comunicación madre-feto entre el inicio de las contracciones uterinas regulares, pasando por el trabajo de parto, el nacimiento, el alumbramiento, hasta el puerperio. En ese contexto se comparan la curva de Friedman y los nuevos estudios y definiciones instaurados por el Dr. Zhang y su grupo, y se detalla cómo debe diligenciarse adecuadamente el partograma, relacionándose con las alteraciones del trabajo de parto conocidas como distocias, y se dan recomendaciones para un diagnóstico oportuno e intervenciones pertinentes.Se incluye un capítulo sobre monitoría electrónica fetal en el que se enfatiza la interpretación anteparto e intraparto y su utilidad clínica; se presentan múltiples ejemplos con gráficos de trazados y se correlacionan con el estado ácido-base fetal.Se aborda la hemorragia posparto, evento previsible secundario al parto, y cuya mortalidad es casi siempre evitable, por tal razón los autores desarrollan el tema incluyendo la fisiopatología, la etiología, los factores de riesgo, la prevención, el diagnóstico, las ayudas diagnósticas, las intervenciones medicamentosas y quirúrgicas según la causa.Para los autores, en este libro no podía dejar de incluirse un capítulo sobre la inducción del trabajo de parto. Teniendo en cuenta que una práctica adecuadamente realizada puede disminuir el número de cesáreas y la morbimortalidad materna y fetal, se presentan las indicaciones, contraindicaciones, los riesgos y diferentes métodos para finalizar el embarazo por vía vaginal.El último capítulo trata el puerperio normal y las patologías frecuentemente encontradas en las mujeres después del parto; finaliza con el protocolo de la cita de control postparto.Este libro nace de la observación simple de tres profesores de la Universidad del Valle que a partir de su quehacer, principalmente en el Hospital Universitario del Valle "Evaristo García", concluyeron que estudiantes y profesionales de diferentes carreras de la salud involucrados en la atención de maternas podrían mejorar sus conocimientos con respecto del trabajo de parto, el parto y el puerperio; y que si bien en el medio existen textos disponibles sobre obstetricia en general, y que la mayoría son de buena calidad académica, ninguno de ellos es dedicado exclusivamente a abordar con el nivel de profundidad y practicidad los procesos fisiológicos y sus alteraciones en el trabajo de parto, el parto y el puerperio como en el libro Parto, como diría el obstetra.

This edition covers the embryology since the preparation of fertilizing cells in spermatogenesis and the menstrual cycle; fertilization and implantation; including the first weeks of development, placenta development, basic principles of neonatal physiology and adaptation; up to the basics of congenital anomalies and prenatal diagnosis.In the same manner, this text integrates the concepts of molecular induction in human embryology, congenital anomalies and prenatal/postnatal diagnosis. Thus, easing the understanding of complex embryological processes for the medical students in their comprehension of the relation between molecules, embryology processes, organs and systems formation and physiology. Knowledge also valuable for obstetrics/gynecology and pediatrics residents and specialist, that frequently face patients with congenital anomalies found via in utero ultrasound or in extrauterine life, creating the need of analyzing which processes failed and caused the anomalies during fetal development.This edition of the book Integrated human embryology contains more than 150 improved figures and about 50 new ones. An extra chapter about prenatal diagnosis was also added, this chapter includes updated cell-free fetal DNA concepts regarding the detection of chromosomal abnormalities. Therefore, this edition achieves the integration of different processes of human development, while using illustrative figures that ease embryology and its clinical application.

This book aims to describe in-depth decisions about maternal care with up-to-date and practical knowledge that improves obstetric and perinatal outcomes of the mother-baby binomial.Developed in seven chapters, with dozens of figures, it begins by describing the physiological, hormonal, immunological, and enzymatic events produced in mother-fetus communication between the onset of regular uterine contractions, through labor, birth, and delivery, until the puerperium. In this context, the Friedman curve and the new studies and definitions established by Dr. Zhang and his group are compared. It is explained how the partograph must be filled out properly, relating to the alterations of labor known as dystocia, and recommendations are given for timely diagnosis and relevant interventions.A chapter on electronic fetal monitoring is included, emphasizing antepartum and intrapartum interpretation and its clinical utility. Multiple examples are presented with recording graphs and correlated with fetal acid-base status.Postpartum hemorrhage is addressed. It is a foreseeable event secondary to childbirth, whose mortality is almost always avoidable. For this reason the authors develop the topic including pathophysiology, etiology, risk factors, prevention, diagnosis, and diagnostic aids, medical and surgical interventions according to the cause.For the authors, this book could not fail to include a chapter on labor induction. Bearing in mind that a properly carried out practice can reduce the number of cesarean sections and maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality, the indications, contraindications, risks, and different methods to end the pregnancy by vaginal delivery are presented.The last chapter deals with the normal puerperium and the pathologies frequently found in women after childbirth and ends with the protocol of the postpartum control appointment.This book has been created after the simple observation of three professors from the Universidad del Valle who, from their day-to-day work, mainly at the Hospital Universitario del Valle "Evaristo García," concluded that students and professionals from different health careers involved in maternal care could improve their knowledge regarding labor, delivery and the puerperium; and that although there are texts available in the literature on obstetrics in general, and that most of them are of good academic quality, none of them is dedicated exclusively to addressing physiological processes and their alterations during labor, delivery, and the puerperium as in the book Vaginal Delivery, as the Obstetrician Would Say.

This book aims to describe in-depth decisions about maternal care with up-to-date and practical knowledge that improves obstetric and perinatal outcomes of the mother-baby binomial.Developed in seven chapters, with dozens of figures, it begins by describing the physiological, hormonal, immunological, and enzymatic events produced in mother-fetus communication between the onset of regular uterine contractions, through labor, birth, and delivery, until the puerperium. In this context, the Friedman curve and the new studies and definitions established by Dr. Zhang and his group are compared. It is explained how the partograph must be filled out properly, relating to the alterations of labor known as dystocia, and recommendations are given for timely diagnosis and relevant interventions.A chapter on electronic fetal monitoring is included, emphasizing antepartum and intrapartum interpretation and its clinical utility. Multiple examples are presented with recording graphs and correlated with fetal acid-base status.Postpartum hemorrhage is addressed. It is a foreseeable event secondary to childbirth, whose mortality is almost always avoidable. For this reason the authors develop the topic including pathophysiology, etiology, risk factors, prevention, diagnosis, and diagnostic aids, medical and surgical interventions according to the cause.For the authors, this book could not fail to include a chapter on labor induction. Bearing in mind that a properly carried out practice can reduce the number of cesarean sections and maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality, the indications, contraindications, risks, and different methods to end the pregnancy by vaginal delivery are presented.The last chapter deals with the normal puerperium and the pathologies frequently found in women after childbirth and ends with the protocol of the postpartum control appointment.This book has been created after the simple observation of three professors from the Universidad del Valle who, from their day-to-day work, mainly at the Hospital Universitario del Valle "Evaristo García," concluded that students and professionals from different health careers involved in maternal care could improve their knowledge regarding labor, delivery and the puerperium; and that although there are texts available in the literature on obstetrics in general, and that most of them are of good academic quality, none of them is dedicated exclusively to addressing physiological processes and their alterations during labor, delivery, and the puerperium as in the book Vaginal Delivery, as the Obstetrician Would Say.

This edition covers the embryology since the preparation of fertilizing cells in spermatogenesis and the menstrual cycle; fertilization and implantation; including the first weeks of development, placenta development, basic principles of neonatal physiology and adaptation; up to the basics of congenital anomalies and prenatal diagnosis.In the same manner, this text integrates the concepts of molecular induction in human embryology, congenital anomalies and prenatal/postnatal diagnosis. Thus, easing the understanding of complex embryological processes for the medical students in their comprehension of the relation between molecules, embryology processes, organs and systems formation and physiology. Knowledge also valuable for obstetrics/gynecology and pediatrics residents and specialist, that frequently face patients with congenital anomalies found via in utero ultrasound or in extrauterine life, creating the need of analyzing which processes failed and caused the anomalies during fetal development.This edition of the book Integrated human embryology contains more than 150 improved figures and about 50 new ones. An extra chapter about prenatal diagnosis was also added, this chapter includes updated cell-free fetal DNA concepts regarding the detection of chromosomal abnormalities. Therefore, this edition achieves the integration of different processes of human development, while using illustrative figures that ease embryology and its clinical application.

Este libro cuenta cómo se logra demostrar que Ricaurte es un conglomerado genético de síndrome X frágil (SXF) con la prevalencia más alta en el mundo a través de un proyecto de investigación cofinanciado entre la Universidad del Valle y el instituto MIND de la Universidad de California en Davis. Se describe el SXF en profundidad, desde la genómica, pasando por la y fenotipo del SXF hasta el tratamiento en experimentación. Además, se muestran las características de Ricaurte, corregimiento del municipio de Bolívar en el Valle del Cauca, incluyendo su fundación, contextualización social, su visualización regional marcada por un contexto religioso y nacional por el libro El Divino del escritor Gustavo Álvarez Gardeazábal, este da cuenta de la discapacidad intelectual de un número importante de sus habitantes que en ese libro son descritos magistralmente. También se describe el proyecto "Genética medica poblacional en un corregimiento colombiano con elevada prevalencia de síndrome X Frágil", el cual fue una propuesta ambiciosa, con la que además de establecer las prevalencias de las variantes alélicas zona gris, permutación y mutación completa del gen FMR1 y su comparación con la prevalencia global aceptada, se logró realizar una intervención de salud pública con asesoría genética y reproductiva a quienes podrían tener hijos afectados por el SXF o padecer las enfermedades asociadas, como FXTAS o FXPOI. Con la metodología de llegar a las casas y a todos los habitantes, solicitando consentimiento informado, tomando muestras de sangre, entregando resultados, estableciendo relaciones interfamiliares a través de un software especializado y haciendo la asesoría genética y reproductiva, se muestra cómo los investigadores se integraron con la comunidad en su día a día y comprendieron la realidad del país en familias pobres con varios integrantes con discapacidad intelectual o los temores de aquellos que podrían tener hijos afectados; se logró demostrar que Ricaurte es un conglomerado genético de SXF con la prevalencia más alta en el mundo, donde existe la familia con mayor número de integrantes afectados reportada en la literatura y donde se hizo una intervención que impactará con la disminución del número de casos nuevos para así impedir la perpetuación de la problemática genética y social secundaria.

Este libro tiene por objeto fundamentar las decisiones en la atención de maternas con conocimientos actualizados y prácticos que mejoren los resultados obstétricos y perinatales del binomio madre-feto.Desarrollado en siete capítulos, con decenas de figuras, inicia describiendo los eventos fisiológicos hormonales, inmunológicos y enzimáticos producidos en la comunicación madre-feto entre el inicio de las contracciones uterinas regulares, pasando por el trabajo de parto, el nacimiento, el alumbramiento, hasta el puerperio. En ese contexto se comparan la curva de Friedman y los nuevos estudios y definiciones instaurados por el Dr. Zhang y su grupo, y se detalla cómo debe diligenciarse adecuadamente el partograma, relacionándose con las alteraciones del trabajo de parto conocidas como distocias, y se dan recomendaciones para un diagnóstico oportuno e intervenciones pertinentes.Se incluye un capítulo sobre monitoría electrónica fetal en el que se enfatiza la interpretación anteparto e intraparto y su utilidad clínica; se presentan múltiples ejemplos con gráficos de trazados y se correlacionan con el estado ácido-base fetal.Se aborda la hemorragia posparto, evento previsible secundario al parto, y cuya mortalidad es casi siempre evitable, por tal razón los autores desarrollan el tema incluyendo la fisiopatología, la etiología, los factores de riesgo, la prevención, el diagnóstico, las ayudas diagnósticas, las intervenciones medicamentosas y quirúrgicas según la causa.Para los autores, en este libro no podía dejar de incluirse un capítulo sobre la inducción del trabajo de parto. Teniendo en cuenta que una práctica adecuadamente realizada puede disminuir el número de cesáreas y la morbimortalidad materna y fetal, se presentan las indicaciones, contraindicaciones, los riesgos y diferentes métodos para finalizar el embarazo por vía vaginal.El último capítulo trata el puerperio normal y las patologías frecuentemente encontradas en las mujeres después del parto; finaliza con el protocolo de la cita de control postparto.Este libro nace de la observación simple de tres profesores de la Universidad del Valle que a partir de su quehacer, principalmente en el Hospital Universitario del Valle "Evaristo García", concluyeron que estudiantes y profesionales de diferentes carreras de la salud involucrados en la atención de maternas podrían mejorar sus conocimientos con respecto del trabajo de parto, el parto y el puerperio; y que si bien en el medio existen textos disponibles sobre obstetricia en general, y que la mayoría son de buena calidad académica, ninguno de ellos es dedicado exclusivamente a abordar con el nivel de profundidad y practicidad los procesos fisiológicos y sus alteraciones en el trabajo de parto, el parto y el puerperio como en el libro Parto, como diría el obstetra.

This edition covers the embryology since the preparation of fertilizing cells in spermatogenesis and the menstrual cycle; fertilization and implantation; including the first weeks of development, placenta development, basic principles of neonatal physiology and adaptation; up to the basics of congenital anomalies and prenatal diagnosis.In the same manner, this text integrates the concepts of molecular induction in human embryology, congenital anomalies and prenatal/postnatal diagnosis. Thus, easing the understanding of complex embryological processes for the medical students in their comprehension of the relation between molecules, embryology processes, organs and systems formation and physiology. Knowledge also valuable for obstetrics/gynecology and pediatrics residents and specialist, that frequently face patients with congenital anomalies found via in utero ultrasound or in extrauterine life, creating the need of analyzing which processes failed and caused the anomalies during fetal development.This edition of the book Integrated human embryology contains more than 150 improved figures and about 50 new ones. An extra chapter about prenatal diagnosis was also added, this chapter includes updated cell-free fetal DNA concepts regarding the detection of chromosomal abnormalities. Therefore, this edition achieves the integration of different processes of human development, while using illustrative figures that ease embryology and its clinical application.

This book aims to describe in-depth decisions about maternal care with up-to-date and practical knowledge that improves obstetric and perinatal outcomes of the mother-baby binomial.Developed in seven chapters, with dozens of figures, it begins by describing the physiological, hormonal, immunological, and enzymatic events produced in mother-fetus communication between the onset of regular uterine contractions, through labor, birth, and delivery, until the puerperium. In this context, the Friedman curve and the new studies and definitions established by Dr. Zhang and his group are compared. It is explained how the partograph must be filled out properly, relating to the alterations of labor known as dystocia, and recommendations are given for timely diagnosis and relevant interventions.A chapter on electronic fetal monitoring is included, emphasizing antepartum and intrapartum interpretation and its clinical utility. Multiple examples are presented with recording graphs and correlated with fetal acid-base status.Postpartum hemorrhage is addressed. It is a foreseeable event secondary to childbirth, whose mortality is almost always avoidable. For this reason the authors develop the topic including pathophysiology, etiology, risk factors, prevention, diagnosis, and diagnostic aids, medical and surgical interventions according to the cause.For the authors, this book could not fail to include a chapter on labor induction. Bearing in mind that a properly carried out practice can reduce the number of cesarean sections and maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality, the indications, contraindications, risks, and different methods to end the pregnancy by vaginal delivery are presented.The last chapter deals with the normal puerperium and the pathologies frequently found in women after childbirth and ends with the protocol of the postpartum control appointment.This book has been created after the simple observation of three professors from the Universidad del Valle who, from their day-to-day work, mainly at the Hospital Universitario del Valle "Evaristo García," concluded that students and professionals from different health careers involved in maternal care could improve their knowledge regarding labor, delivery and the puerperium; and that although there are texts available in the literature on obstetrics in general, and that most of them are of good academic quality, none of them is dedicated exclusively to addressing physiological processes and their alterations during labor, delivery, and the puerperium as in the book Vaginal Delivery, as the Obstetrician Would Say.

This book aims to describe in-depth decisions about maternal care with up-to-date and practical knowledge that improves obstetric and perinatal outcomes of the mother-baby binomial.Developed in seven chapters, with dozens of figures, it begins by describing the physiological, hormonal, immunological, and enzymatic events produced in mother-fetus communication between the onset of regular uterine contractions, through labor, birth, and delivery, until the puerperium. In this context, the Friedman curve and the new studies and definitions established by Dr. Zhang and his group are compared. It is explained how the partograph must be filled out properly, relating to the alterations of labor known as dystocia, and recommendations are given for timely diagnosis and relevant interventions.A chapter on electronic fetal monitoring is included, emphasizing antepartum and intrapartum interpretation and its clinical utility. Multiple examples are presented with recording graphs and correlated with fetal acid-base status.Postpartum hemorrhage is addressed. It is a foreseeable event secondary to childbirth, whose mortality is almost always avoidable. For this reason the authors develop the topic including pathophysiology, etiology, risk factors, prevention, diagnosis, and diagnostic aids, medical and surgical interventions according to the cause.For the authors, this book could not fail to include a chapter on labor induction. Bearing in mind that a properly carried out practice can reduce the number of cesarean sections and maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality, the indications, contraindications, risks, and different methods to end the pregnancy by vaginal delivery are presented.The last chapter deals with the normal puerperium and the pathologies frequently found in women after childbirth and ends with the protocol of the postpartum control appointment.This book has been created after the simple observation of three professors from the Universidad del Valle who, from their day-to-day work, mainly at the Hospital Universitario del Valle "Evaristo García," concluded that students and professionals from different health careers involved in maternal care could improve their knowledge regarding labor, delivery and the puerperium; and that although there are texts available in the literature on obstetrics in general, and that most of them are of good academic quality, none of them is dedicated exclusively to addressing physiological processes and their alterations during labor, delivery, and the puerperium as in the book Vaginal Delivery, as the Obstetrician Would Say.

This edition covers the embryology since the preparation of fertilizing cells in spermatogenesis and the menstrual cycle; fertilization and implantation; including the first weeks of development, placenta development, basic principles of neonatal physiology and adaptation; up to the basics of congenital anomalies and prenatal diagnosis.In the same manner, this text integrates the concepts of molecular induction in human embryology, congenital anomalies and prenatal/postnatal diagnosis. Thus, easing the understanding of complex embryological processes for the medical students in their comprehension of the relation between molecules, embryology processes, organs and systems formation and physiology. Knowledge also valuable for obstetrics/gynecology and pediatrics residents and specialist, that frequently face patients with congenital anomalies found via in utero ultrasound or in extrauterine life, creating the need of analyzing which processes failed and caused the anomalies during fetal development.This edition of the book Integrated human embryology contains more than 150 improved figures and about 50 new ones. An extra chapter about prenatal diagnosis was also added, this chapter includes updated cell-free fetal DNA concepts regarding the detection of chromosomal abnormalities. Therefore, this edition achieves the integration of different processes of human development, while using illustrative figures that ease embryology and its clinical application.

Este libro cuenta cómo se logra demostrar que Ricaurte es un conglomerado genético de síndrome X frágil (SXF) con la prevalencia más alta en el mundo a través de un proyecto de investigación cofinanciado entre la Universidad del Valle y el instituto MIND de la Universidad de California en Davis. Se describe el SXF en profundidad, desde la genómica, pasando por la y fenotipo del SXF hasta el tratamiento en experimentación. Además, se muestran las características de Ricaurte, corregimiento del municipio de Bolívar en el Valle del Cauca, incluyendo su fundación, contextualización social, su visualización regional marcada por un contexto religioso y nacional por el libro El Divino del escritor Gustavo Álvarez Gardeazábal, este da cuenta de la discapacidad intelectual de un número importante de sus habitantes que en ese libro son descritos magistralmente. También se describe el proyecto "Genética medica poblacional en un corregimiento colombiano con elevada prevalencia de síndrome X Frágil", el cual fue una propuesta ambiciosa, con la que además de establecer las prevalencias de las variantes alélicas zona gris, permutación y mutación completa del gen FMR1 y su comparación con la prevalencia global aceptada, se logró realizar una intervención de salud pública con asesoría genética y reproductiva a quienes podrían tener hijos afectados por el SXF o padecer las enfermedades asociadas, como FXTAS o FXPOI. Con la metodología de llegar a las casas y a todos los habitantes, solicitando consentimiento informado, tomando muestras de sangre, entregando resultados, estableciendo relaciones interfamiliares a través de un software especializado y haciendo la asesoría genética y reproductiva, se muestra cómo los investigadores se integraron con la comunidad en su día a día y comprendieron la realidad del país en familias pobres con varios integrantes con discapacidad intelectual o los temores de aquellos que podrían tener hijos afectados; se logró demostrar que Ricaurte es un conglomerado genético de SXF con la prevalencia más alta en el mundo, donde existe la familia con mayor número de integrantes afectados reportada en la literatura y donde se hizo una intervención que impactará con la disminución del número de casos nuevos para así impedir la perpetuación de la problemática genética y social secundaria.