Yi Lin – författare
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37 produkter
37 produkter
Del 12 - IFSR International Series in Systems Science and Systems Engineering
General Systems Theory
A Mathematical Approach
Inbunden, Engelska, 1999
1 664 kr
Skickas inom 10-15 vardagar
As suggested by the title of this book, I will present a collection of coherently related applications and a theoretical development of a general systems theory. Hopefully, this book will invite all readers to sample an exciting and challenging (even fun!) piece of interdisciplinary research, that has characterized the scientific and technological achievements of the twentieth century. And, I hope that many of them will be motivated to do additional reading and to contribute to topics along the lines described in the following pages. Since the applications in this volume range through many scientific disciplines, from sociology to atomic physics, from Einstein’s relativity theory to Dirac’s quan tum mechanics, from optimization theory to unreasonable effectiveness of mathe matics to foundations of mathematical modeling, from general systems theory to Schwartz’s distributions, special care has been given to write each application in a language appropriate to that field. That is, mathematical symbols and abstractions are used at different levels so that readers in various fields will find it possible to read. Also, because of the wide range of applications, each chapter has been written so that, in general, there is no need to reference a different chapter in order to understand a specific application. At the same time, if a reader has the desire to go through the entire book without skipping any chapter, it is strongly suggested to refer back to Chapters 2 and 3 as often as possible.
E-bok
PDF, Engelska, 20062 020 kr
Läs direkt efter köp
As suggested by the title of this book, I will present a collection of coherently related applications and a theoretical development of a general systems theory. Hopefully, this book will invite all readers to sample an exciting and challenging (even fun!) piece of interdisciplinary research, that has characterized the scientific and technological achievements of the twentieth century. And, I hope that many of them will be motivated to do additional reading and to contribute to topics along the lines described in the following pages. Since the applications in this volume range through many scientific disciplines, from sociology to atomic physics, from Einstein’s relativity theory to Dirac’s quan tum mechanics, from optimization theory to unreasonable effectiveness of mathe matics to foundations of mathematical modeling, from general systems theory to Schwartz’s distributions, special care has been given to write each application in a language appropriate to that field. That is, mathematical symbols and abstractions are used at different levels so that readers in various fields will find it possible to read. Also, because of the wide range of applications, each chapter has been written so that, in general, there is no need to reference a different chapter in order to understand a specific application. At the same time, if a reader has the desire to go through the entire book without skipping any chapter, it is strongly suggested to refer back to Chapters 2 and 3 as often as possible.
Inbunden, Engelska, 2020
2 495 kr
Skickas inom 10-15 vardagar
This research-based book investigates the effects of digital transformation on the cultural and creative sectors. Through cases and examples, the book examines how artists and art institutions are facing the challenges posed by digital transformation, highlighting both positive and negative effects of the phenomenon.With contributions from an international range of scholars, the book examines how digital transformation is changing the way the arts are produced and consumed. As relative late adopters of digital technologies, the arts organizations are shown to be struggling to adapt, as issues of authenticity, legitimacy, control, trust, and co-creation arise.Leveraging a variety of research approaches, the book identifies managerial implications to render a collection that is valuable reading for scholars involved with arts and culture management, the creative industries and digital transformation more broadly.
Häftad, Engelska, 2022
687 kr
Skickas inom 10-15 vardagar
This research-based book investigates the effects of digital transformation on the cultural and creative sectors. Through cases and examples, the book examines how artists and art institutions are facing the challenges posed by digital transformation, highlighting both positive and negative effects of the phenomenon.With contributions from an international range of scholars, the book examines how digital transformation is changing the way the arts are produced and consumed. As relative late adopters of digital technologies, the arts organizations are shown to be struggling to adapt, as issues of authenticity, legitimacy, control, trust, and co-creation arise.Leveraging a variety of research approaches, the book identifies managerial implications to render a collection that is valuable reading for scholars involved with arts and culture management, the creative industries and digital transformation more broadly.
Häftad, Engelska, 2019
865 kr
Skickas inom 10-15 vardagar
Although scientists have effectively employed the concepts of probability to address the complex problem of prediction, modern science still falls short in establishing true predictions with meaningful lead times of zero-probability major disasters. The recent earthquakes in Haiti, Chile, and China are tragic reminders of the critical need for improved methods of predicting natural disasters. Drawing on their vast practical experience and theoretical studies, Dr. Yi Lin and Professor Shoucheng OuYang examine some of the problems that exist in the modern system of science to provide the understanding required to improve our ability to forecast and prepare for such events. Presenting a series of new understandings, theories, and a new system of methodology, Irregularities and Prediction of Major Disasters simplifies the world-class problem of prediction into a series of tasks that can be learned, mastered, and applied in the analysis and prediction of forthcoming changes in materials or fluids. These internationally respected authors introduce their novel method of digitization for dealing with irregular information, proven effective for predicting transitional changes in events. They also: Unveil a new methodology for forecasting zero-probability natural disasters Highlight the reasons for common forecasting failures Propose a method for resolving the mystery of nonlinearity Include numerous real-life case studies that illustrate how to properly digitize available information Supply proven methods for forecasting small-probability natural disasters This authoritative resource provides a systematic discussion of the non-evolutionality of the modern system of science—analyzing its capabilities and limitations. By touching on the n
E-bok
PDF, Engelska, 2020779 kr
Läs direkt efter köp
This research-based book investigates the effects of digital transformation on the cultural and creative sectors. Through cases and examples, the book examines how artists and art institutions are facing the challenges posed by digital transformation, highlighting both positive and negative effects of the phenomenon.
With contributions from an international range of scholars, the book examines how digital transformation is changing the way the arts are produced and consumed. As relative late adopters of digital technologies, the arts organizations are shown to be struggling to adapt, as issues of authenticity, legitimacy, control, trust, and co-creation arise.
Leveraging a variety of research approaches, the book identifies managerial implications to render a collection that is valuable reading for scholars involved with arts and culture management, the creative industries and digital transformation more broadly.
E-bok
Engelska, 2020779 kr
Läs direkt efter köp
This research-based book investigates the effects of digital transformation on the cultural and creative sectors. Through cases and examples, the book examines how artists and art institutions are facing the challenges posed by digital transformation, highlighting both positive and negative effects of the phenomenon.
With contributions from an international range of scholars, the book examines how digital transformation is changing the way the arts are produced and consumed. As relative late adopters of digital technologies, the arts organizations are shown to be struggling to adapt, as issues of authenticity, legitimacy, control, trust, and co-creation arise.
Leveraging a variety of research approaches, the book identifies managerial implications to render a collection that is valuable reading for scholars involved with arts and culture management, the creative industries and digital transformation more broadly.
E-bok
Engelska, 20101 043 kr
Läs direkt efter köp
Although scientists have effectively employed the concepts of probability to address the complex problem of prediction, modern science still falls short in establishing true predictions with meaningful lead times of zero-probability major disasters. The recent earthquakes in Haiti, Chile, and China are tragic reminders of the critical need for
E-bok
Engelska, 20162 164 kr
Läs direkt efter köp
To make the best decisions, you need the best information. However, because most issues in game theory are grey, nearly all recent research has been carried out using a simplified method that considers grey systems as white ones. This often results in a forecasting function that is far from satisfactory when applied to many real situations. Grey Ga
E-bok
Engelska, 20082 774 kr
Läs direkt efter köp
A Novel Method to Analyze Problems and Encourage Systemic ThinkingReal-Life Case Studies Illustrate the Application of the Systemic Yoyo Model in Diverse AreasWritten by the co-creator of the systemic yoyo model, Systemic Yoyos: Some Impacts of the Second Dimension shows how the yoyo model and its methodology can be employed to study many unsettled
Häftad, Engelska, 2017
754 kr
Skickas inom 10-15 vardagar
By making use of the principles of systems science, the scientific community can explain many complicated matters of the world and shed new light on unsettled problems. Each real science has its own particular methodology for not only qualitative but also quantitative analyses, so it is important to understand the organic whole of systems research with operable mathematical methods. Systems Science: Methodological Approaches presents a mathematical explanation of systems science, giving readers a complete technical formulation of different systemic laws. It enables them to use a unified methodology to attack different problems that are hard, if not impossible, for modern science to handle.Following a brief history of systems science, the book explores: Basic concepts, characteristics, properties, and classifications of general systemsNonlinear systems dynamics and the theory of catastropheDissipative structures and synergisticsStudies of chaos, including logistic mapping, phase space reconstruction, Lyapunov exponents, and chaos of general single relation systemsDifferent aspects and concepts of fractals, including a presentation of L systems analysis and designComplex systems and complexity, with a discussion of how the phenomena of "three" and complexity are related, and how various cellular automata can be constructed to generate useful simulations and figurative patternsComplex adaptive systems and open complex giant systems, with introduction of the yoyo model and practical applicationsComplex networks and related concepts and methods The book concludes with several case studies that demonstrate how various concepts and the logic of systems can be practically applied to resolve real-life problems, such as the prediction of natural disasters. The book will be useful in directing future research and applications of systems science on a commonly accepted platform and playground.
Häftad, Engelska, 2018
875 kr
Skickas inom 10-15 vardagar
As a powerful approach to data reasoning, rough set theory has proven to be invaluable in knowledge acquisition, decision analysis and forecasting, and knowledge discovery. With the ability to enhance the advantages of other soft technology theories, hybrid rough set theory is quickly emerging as a method of choice for decision making under uncertain conditions. Keeping the complicated mathematics to a minimum, Hybrid Rough Sets and Applications in Uncertain Decision-Making provides a systematic introduction to the methods and application of the hybridization for rough set theory with other related soft technology theories, including probability, grey systems, fuzzy sets, and artificial neural networks. It also: Addresses the variety of uncertainties that can arise in the practical application of knowledge representation systems Unveils a novel hybrid model of probability and rough setsIntroduces grey variable precision rough set models Analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of various practical applications The authors examine the scope of application of the rough set theory and discuss how the combination of variable precision rough sets and dominance relations can produce probabilistic preference rules out of preference attribute decision tables of preference actions. Complete with numerous cases that illustrate the specific application of hybrid methods, the text adopts the latest achievements in the theory, method, and application of rough sets.
Inbunden, Engelska, 2009
2 184 kr
Skickas inom 10-15 vardagar
To make the best decisions, you need the best information. However, because most issues in game theory are grey, nearly all recent research has been carried out using a simplified method that considers grey systems as white ones. This often results in a forecasting function that is far from satisfactory when applied to many real situations. Grey Game Theory and Its Applications in Economic Decision Making introduces classic game theory into the realm of grey system theory with limited knowledge. The book resolves three theoretical issues: A game equilibrium of grey game A reasonable explanation for the equilibrium of a grey matrix of static nonmatrix game issues based on incomplete informationThe Centipede Game paradox, which has puzzled theory circles for a long time and greatly enriched and developed the core methods of subgame Nash perfect equilibrium analysis as a resultThe book establishes a grey matrix game model based on pure and mixed strategies. The author proposes the concepts of grey saddle points, grey mixed strategy solutions, and their corresponding structures and also puts forward the models and methods of risk measurement and evaluation of optimal grey strategies. He raises and solves the problems of grey matrix games. The book includes definitions of the test rules of information distortion experienced during calculation, the design of tokens based on new interval grey numbers, and new arithmetic laws to manipulate grey numbers. These features combine to provide a practical and efficient tool for forecasting real-life economic problems.
E-bok
PDF, Engelska, 20162 164 kr
Läs direkt efter köp
To make the best decisions, you need the best information. However, because most issues in game theory are grey, nearly all recent research has been carried out using a simplified method that considers grey systems as white ones. This often results in a forecasting function that is far from satisfactory when applied to many real situations. Grey Ga
Inbunden, Engelska, 2010
2 153 kr
Skickas inom 10-15 vardagar
Although scientists have effectively employed the concepts of probability to address the complex problem of prediction, modern science still falls short in establishing true predictions with meaningful lead times of zero-probability major disasters. The recent earthquakes in Haiti, Chile, and China are tragic reminders of the critical need for improved methods of predicting natural disasters. Drawing on their vast practical experience and theoretical studies, Dr. Yi Lin and Professor Shoucheng OuYang examine some of the problems that exist in the modern system of science to provide the understanding required to improve our ability to forecast and prepare for such events. Presenting a series of new understandings, theories, and a new system of methodology, Irregularities and Prediction of Major Disasters simplifies the world-class problem of prediction into a series of tasks that can be learned, mastered, and applied in the analysis and prediction of forthcoming changes in materials or fluids. These internationally respected authors introduce their novel method of digitization for dealing with irregular information, proven effective for predicting transitional changes in events. They also: Unveil a new methodology for forecasting zero-probability natural disasters Highlight the reasons for common forecasting failures Propose a method for resolving the mystery of nonlinearity Include numerous real-life case studies that illustrate how to properly digitize available information Supply proven methods for forecasting small-probability natural disasters This authoritative resource provides a systematic discussion of the non-evolutionality of the modern system of science—analyzing its capabilities and limitations. By touching on the n
E-bok
PDF, Engelska, 20101 043 kr
Läs direkt efter köp
Although scientists have effectively employed the concepts of probability to address the complex problem of prediction, modern science still falls short in establishing true predictions with meaningful lead times of zero-probability major disasters. The recent earthquakes in Haiti, Chile, and China are tragic reminders of the critical need for
Inbunden, Engelska, 2010
2 394 kr
Skickas inom 10-15 vardagar
As a powerful approach to data reasoning, rough set theory has proven to be invaluable in knowledge acquisition, decision analysis and forecasting, and knowledge discovery. With the ability to enhance the advantages of other soft technology theories, hybrid rough set theory is quickly emerging as a method of choice for decision making under uncertain conditions. Keeping the complicated mathematics to a minimum, Hybrid Rough Sets and Applications in Uncertain Decision-Making provides a systematic introduction to the methods and application of the hybridization for rough set theory with other related soft technology theories, including probability, grey systems, fuzzy sets, and artificial neural networks. It also: Addresses the variety of uncertainties that can arise in the practical application of knowledge representation systems Unveils a novel hybrid model of probability and rough setsIntroduces grey variable precision rough set models Analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of various practical applications The authors examine the scope of application of the rough set theory and discuss how the combination of variable precision rough sets and dominance relations can produce probabilistic preference rules out of preference attribute decision tables of preference actions. Complete with numerous cases that illustrate the specific application of hybrid methods, the text adopts the latest achievements in the theory, method, and application of rough sets.
E-bok
PDF, Engelska, 20101 087 kr
Läs direkt efter köp
As a powerful approach to data reasoning, rough set theory has proven to be invaluable in knowledge acquisition, decision analysis and forecasting, and knowledge discovery. With the ability to enhance the advantages of other soft technology theories, hybrid rough set theory is quickly emerging as a method of choice for decision making under uncerta
Inbunden, Engelska, 2008
2 325 kr
Skickas inom 10-15 vardagar
A Novel Method to Analyze Problems and Encourage Systemic ThinkingReal-Life Case Studies Illustrate the Application of the Systemic Yoyo Model in Diverse AreasWritten by the co-creator of the systemic yoyo model, Systemic Yoyos: Some Impacts of the Second Dimension shows how the yoyo model and its methodology can be employed to study many unsettled or extremely difficult problems in modern science and technology.The first part of the book presents the theoretical foundation of the yoyo model and its empirical justifications. The author then shows how to use the model to address and resolve several problems in scientific areas, such as Newtonian physics, planetary motions, and the three-body problem, as well as economics and finance, such as Becker’s rotten kid theorem. The following part discusses the structure of human thoughts, infinity problems in the system of modern mathematics, and the fourth crisis of mathematics. The book concludes with a section on the concept of rolling currents, which can help predict weather changes, especially the arrival of disastrous weather conditions.Focusing on complex, unresolved issues in modern science, this book thoroughly explains the novel yoyo model and how it can be used to better understand wage differentials, weather patterns, and more.
E-bok
PDF, Engelska, 20082 774 kr
Läs direkt efter köp
A Novel Method to Analyze Problems and Encourage Systemic ThinkingReal-Life Case Studies Illustrate the Application of the Systemic Yoyo Model in Diverse AreasWritten by the co-creator of the systemic yoyo model, Systemic Yoyos: Some Impacts of the Second Dimension shows how the yoyo model and its methodology can be employed to study many unsettled
Inbunden, Engelska, 2012
2 044 kr
Skickas inom 10-15 vardagar
By making use of the principles of systems science, the scientific community can explain many complicated matters of the world and shed new light on unsettled problems. Each real science has its own particular methodology for not only qualitative but also quantitative analyses, so it is important to understand the organic whole of systems research with operable mathematical methods. Systems Science: Methodological Approaches presents a mathematical explanation of systems science, giving readers a complete technical formulation of different systemic laws. It enables them to use a unified methodology to attack different problems that are hard, if not impossible, for modern science to handle.Following a brief history of systems science, the book explores: Basic concepts, characteristics, properties, and classifications of general systemsNonlinear systems dynamics and the theory of catastropheDissipative structures and synergisticsStudies of chaos, including logistic mapping, phase space reconstruction, Lyapunov exponents, and chaos of general single relation systemsDifferent aspects and concepts of fractals, including a presentation of L systems analysis and designComplex systems and complexity, with a discussion of how the phenomena of "three" and complexity are related, and how various cellular automata can be constructed to generate useful simulations and figurative patternsComplex adaptive systems and open complex giant systems, with introduction of the yoyo model and practical applicationsComplex networks and related concepts and methods The book concludes with several case studies that demonstrate how various concepts and the logic of systems can be practically applied to resolve real-life problems, such as the prediction of natural disasters. The book will be useful in directing future research and applications of systems science on a commonly accepted platform and playground.
E-bok
PDF, Engelska, 2012891 kr
Läs direkt efter köp
By making use of the principles of systems science, the scientific community can explain many complicated matters of the world and shed new light on unsettled problems. Each real science has its own particular methodology for not only qualitative but also quantitative analyses, so it is important to understand the organic whole of systems research
Inbunden, Engelska, 2011
1 616 kr
Skickas inom 10-15 vardagar
Systemic Structure behind Human Organizations: From Civilizations to Individuals shows how the systemic yoyo model can be successfully employed to study human organizations at three different levels: civilizations, business enterprises, and individuals. This monograph tackles managerial problems from an holistic perspective such as how a business entity grows and dies and how a CEO can manipulate the choices of long- and short-term projects in order to gain more control over the board of directors. By creating a uniform language and logic of reasoning, the book provides examples and convincing results. Additionally the book shows how the same model, thinking logic, and methodology of the systems research can be equally applied to analyze problems and situations considered in natural sciences, social sciences, and humanity areas. Therefore it offers knowledge of a brand new tool to attack organizational problems. By concentrating on difficult, unsettled issues in these varying areas, this monograph thoroughly explains how some laws of nature can be established for the common study of natural and social sciences.
E-bok
PDF, Engelska, 20112 049 kr
Läs direkt efter köp
Systemic Structure behind Human Organizations: From Civilizations to Individuals shows how the systemic yoyo model can be successfully employed to study human organizations at three different levels: civilizations, business enterprises, and individuals. This monograph tackles managerial problems from an holistic perspective such as how a business entity grows and dies and how a CEO can manipulate the choices of long- and short-term projects in order to gain more control over the board of directors. By creating a uniform language and logic of reasoning, the book provides examples and convincing results.
Additionally the book shows how the same model, thinking logic, and methodology of the systems research can be equally applied to analyze problems and situations considered in natural sciences, social sciences, and humanity areas. Therefore it offers knowledge of a brand new tool to attack organizational problems. By concentrating on difficult, unsettled issues in these varying areas, this monograph thoroughly explains how some laws of nature can be established for the common study of natural and social sciences.
E-bok
Engelska, 2012891 kr
Läs direkt efter köp
By making use of the principles of systems science, the scientific community can explain many complicated matters of the world and shed new light on unsettled problems. Each real science has its own particular methodology for not only qualitative but also quantitative analyses, so it is important to understand the organic whole of systems research
Del 12 - IFSR International Series in Systems Science and Systems Engineering
General Systems Theory
A Mathematical Approach
Häftad, Engelska, 2013
1 616 kr
Skickas inom 10-15 vardagar
As suggested by the title of this book, I will present a collection of coherently related applications and a theoretical development of a general systems theory. Hopefully, this book will invite all readers to sample an exciting and challenging (even fun!) piece of interdisciplinary research, that has characterized the scientific and technological achievements of the twentieth century. And, I hope that many of them will be motivated to do additional reading and to contribute to topics along the lines described in the following pages. Since the applications in this volume range through many scientific disciplines, from sociology to atomic physics, from Einstein’s relativity theory to Dirac’s quan tum mechanics, from optimization theory to unreasonable effectiveness of mathe matics to foundations of mathematical modeling, from general systems theory to Schwartz’s distributions, special care has been given to write each application in a language appropriate to that field. That is, mathematical symbols and abstractions are used at different levels so that readers in various fields will find it possible to read. Also, because of the wide range of applications, each chapter has been written so that, in general, there is no need to reference a different chapter in order to understand a specific application. At the same time, if a reader has the desire to go through the entire book without skipping any chapter, it is strongly suggested to refer back to Chapters 2 and 3 as often as possible.
Häftad, Engelska, 2014
1 616 kr
Skickas inom 10-15 vardagar
Systemic Structure behind Human Organizations: From Civilizations to Individuals shows how the systemic yoyo model can be successfully employed to study human organizations at three different levels: civilizations, business enterprises, and individuals. This monograph tackles managerial problems from an holistic perspective such as how a business entity grows and dies and how a CEO can manipulate the choices of long- and short-term projects in order to gain more control over the board of directors. By creating a uniform language and logic of reasoning, the book provides examples and convincing results. Additionally the book shows how the same model, thinking logic, and methodology of the systems research can be equally applied to analyze problems and situations considered in natural sciences, social sciences, and humanity areas. Therefore it offers knowledge of a brand new tool to attack organizational problems. By concentrating on difficult, unsettled issues in these varying areas, this monograph thoroughly explains how some laws of nature can be established for the common study of natural and social sciences.
E-bok
PDF, Engelska, 20062 049 kr
Läs direkt efter köp
Rapid formation and development of new theories of systems science have become an important part of modern science and technology. For - ample, since the 1940s, there have appeared systems theory, information theory, fuzzy mathematics, cybernetics, dissipative structures, synergetics, catastrophe theory, chaos theory, bifurcations, ultra circulations, dynamics, and many other systems theories. Grey systems theory is also one of such systems theories that appeared initially in the 1980s. When the research of systems science and the method and technology of systems engineering are applied in various traditional disciplines, such as management science, decision science, and various scienti?c disciplines, a whole new group of new results and breakthroughs are obtained. Such a historical background has provided the environment and soil for grey systems theory to form and to develop rapidly in the past 20-plus years. More speci?cally, in 1982, Professor Deng Ju-Long published the ?rst research paper in the area of grey systems in the international journal entitled Systems and Control Letters, published by North-Holland Co. His paper was titled “Control Problems of Grey Systems. ” The publication of this paper signalled the birth of grey systems theory after many years of e ective research of the founding father. This new theory soon caught the attention of the international academic community and practitioners of science. Many well-known scholars, such as Chinese academicians Qian Xueshen, Song Jian, and Zhang Zhongjun. Professor Roger W.
Häftad, Engelska, 2010
1 664 kr
Skickas inom 10-15 vardagar
Rapid formation and development of new theories of systems science have become an important part of modern science and technology. For - ample, since the 1940s, there have appeared systems theory, information theory, fuzzy mathematics, cybernetics, dissipative structures, synergetics, catastrophe theory, chaos theory, bifurcations, ultra circulations, dynamics, and many other systems theories. Grey systems theory is also one of such systems theories that appeared initially in the 1980s. When the research of systems science and the method and technology of systems engineering are applied in various traditional disciplines, such as management science, decision science, and various scienti?c disciplines, a whole new group of new results and breakthroughs are obtained. Such a historical background has provided the environment and soil for grey systems theory to form and to develop rapidly in the past 20-plus years. More speci?cally, in 1982, Professor Deng Ju-Long published the ?rst research paper in the area of grey systems in the international journal entitled Systems and Control Letters, published by North-Holland Co. His paper was titled “Control Problems of Grey Systems. ” The publication of this paper signalled the birth of grey systems theory after many years of e ective research of the founding father. This new theory soon caught the attention of the international academic community and practitioners of science. Many well-known scholars, such as Chinese academicians Qian Xueshen, Song Jian, and Zhang Zhongjun. Professor Roger W.
Inbunden, Engelska, 2005
1 593 kr
Skickas inom 10-15 vardagar
Rapid formation and development of new theories of systems science have become an important part of modern science and technology. For - ample, since the 1940s, there have appeared systems theory, information theory, fuzzy mathematics, cybernetics, dissipative structures, synergetics, catastrophe theory, chaos theory, bifurcations, ultra circulations, dynamics, and many other systems theories. Grey systems theory is also one of such systems theories that appeared initially in the 1980s. When the research of systems science and the method and technology of systems engineering are applied in various traditional disciplines, such as management science, decision science, and various scienti?c disciplines, a whole new group of new results and breakthroughs are obtained. Such a historical background has provided the environment and soil for grey systems theory to form and to develop rapidly in the past 20-plus years. More speci?cally, in 1982, Professor Deng Ju-Long published the ?rst research paper in the area of grey systems in the international journal entitled Systems and Control Letters, published by North-Holland Co. His paper was titled “Control Problems of Grey Systems. ” The publication of this paper signalled the birth of grey systems theory after many years of e ective research of the founding father. This new theory soon caught the attention of the international academic community and practitioners of science. Many well-known scholars, such as Chinese academicians Qian Xueshen, Song Jian, and Zhang Zhongjun. Professor Roger W.