Yohei Murakami - Böcker

This book constitutes the refereed post-workshopproceedings of the Second International Workshop on Worldwide Language ServiceInfrastructure, WLSI 2015, held in Kyoto, Japan, in January 2015.The 4 full papers included in this volume and presentedtogether with 2 short papers and 8 invited papers, were carefully reviewed andselected from 7 submissions. The papers are categorized into four parts:introducing metadata and annotations; providing technologies for languageservice platforms; atomic language services across different interfaces,policies, and development of language resources and services; and collectingreports on language service application.

Arti?cial intelligence has recently been re-energized to provide the clues needed to resolve complicated problems. AI is also expected to play a central role in enhancing a wide variety of daily activities. JSAI (The Japanese Society for Arti?cial Intelligence) is responsible for boosting the activities of AI researchers in Japan, and their series of annual conferences o?ers attractive forums for the exposition of the latest achievements and inter-group communication. In the past, the best papers of the conferences were published in the LNAI series. This book consists of award papers from the 22nd annual conference of the JSAI (JSAI 2008) and selected papers from the three co-located workshops. Eight papers were selected among more than 400 presentations at the conference and 18 papers were selected from the 34 presentations at the co-located wo- shops; Logic and Engineering of Natural Language Semantics 5 (LENLS 2008), the 2nd International Workshop on Juris-informatics (JURISIN 2008), and the First International Workshop on Laughter in Interaction and Body Movement (LIBM 2008). The award papers from JSAI 2008 were selected through a r- orous selection process. In the process, papers recommended by session chairs, session commentators, and PC members were carefully reviewed, before the ?nal decision was made.

JSAI (The Japanese Society for Arti?cial Intelligence) is a premier academic society that focuses on arti?cial intelligence in Japan and was established in 1986.JSAIpublishesjournalsoftheJSAIandbimonthlytransactions,andhosts 19 special interest groups. The JSAI annual conference attracts several hundred attendees each year. JSAI-isAI (JSAI International Symposia on Arti?cial Intelligence) 2009 was the First International Symposium, which hosted three co-located international workshops and one satellite workshop that had been selected by the JSAI-isAI 2009OrganizingCommittee.Thisisinsuccessiontotheinternationalworkshops co-located with the JSAI annual conferences since 2001. JSAI-isAI 2009 was successfully held during November 19-20 in Tokyo, Japan; 158 people from 16 countries participated in JSAI-isAI 2009. Thisvolumeof"NewFrontiersinArti?cialIntelligence:JSAI-isAI2009Wo- shops" is the proceedings of JSAI-isAI 2009. The organizers of the four wo- shops, LENLS, JURISIN, KCSD, and LLLL, hosted by JSAI-isAI 2009,selected 24 papers out of 61 presentations.This has resulted in the excellent selection of papersthat arerepresentativeof someof the topics of AI researchboth in Japan and in other parts of the world.

Describing the technologies to combine language resources flexibly as web services, this book provides valuable case studies for those who work in services computing, language resources, human–computer interaction (HCI), computer-supported cooperative work (CSCW), and service science. The authors have been operating the Language Grid, which wraps existing language resources as atomic language services and enables users to compose new services by combining them. From architecture level to service composition level, the book explains how to resolve infrastructural and operational difficulties in sharing and combining language resources, including interoperability of language service infrastructures, various types of language service policies, human services, and service failures.The research based on the authors’ operating experiences of handling complicated issues such as intellectual property and interoperability of language resources contributes to exploitation of language resources as a service. On the other hand, both the analysis based on using services and the design of new services can bring significant results. A new style of multilingual communication supported by language services is worthy of analysis in HCI/CSCW, and the design process of language services is the focus of valuable case studies in service science. By using language resources in different ways based on the Language Grid, many activities are highly regarded by diverse communities.This book consists of four parts: (1) two types of language service platforms to interconnect language services across service grids, (2) various language service composition technologies that improve the reusability, efficiency, and accuracy of composite services, (3) research work and activities in creating language resources and services, and (4) various applications and tools for understanding and designing language services that well support intercultural collaboration.

Describing the technologies to combine language resources flexibly as web services, this book provides valuable case studies for those who work in services computing, language resources, human–computer interaction (HCI), computer-supported cooperative work (CSCW), and service science. The authors have been operating the Language Grid, which wraps existing language resources as atomic language services and enables users to compose new services by combining them. From architecture level to service composition level, the book explains how to resolve infrastructural and operational difficulties in sharing and combining language resources, including interoperability of language service infrastructures, various types of language service policies, human services, and service failures.The research based on the authors’ operating experiences of handling complicated issues such as intellectual property and interoperability of language resources contributes to exploitation of language resources as a service. On the other hand, both the analysis based on using services and the design of new services can bring significant results. A new style of multilingual communication supported by language services is worthy of analysis in HCI/CSCW, and the design process of language services is the focus of valuable case studies in service science. By using language resources in different ways based on the Language Grid, many activities are highly regarded by diverse communities.This book consists of four parts: (1) two types of language service platforms to interconnect language services across service grids, (2) various language service composition technologies that improve the reusability, efficiency, and accuracy of composite services, (3) research work and activities in creating language resources and services, and (4) various applications and tools for understanding and designing language services that well support intercultural collaboration.

This is structured into three thematic parts: service composition, big data analysis, and service integration for smart cities.The first part describes service compositions for smart cities, where interaction between services and the physical world, including humans, is paramount, unlike services on the Web and clouds.