Otto Schmidt/De Gruyter european law publishers – förlag

Translating the DCFR and writing the CESL have been extremely complex enterprises, and closely dependent one on the other. The volume takes a pragmatic approach in describing them. Structured in four parts, it sets out the historical and philosophical background of legal translation, and then focuses more narrowly on the legal translation processes adopted in the DCFR and the CESL. The volume provides legal and linguistic scholars as well as legal translators with a deeper understanding of the complexity of legal translation processes, which involve many institutional and non-institutional actors, each applying different methods of translation.

Private International Law on the Move

In line with ist predecessors, Volume XV (2013/2014) of the Yearbook of Private International Law offers a comprehensive insight into the contemporary trends of private international law in terms of both theoretical thinking and practical achievements. The volume includes two contributions from prominent scholars on freedom of movement of public documents and records within the EU, a whole section on Brussels Ibis Regulation, a dozen national reports on recognition and enforcement of foreign judgments*outside the EU from Turkey to Australia, from Russian Federation to Egypt, from South Korea to Commonwealth Africa as well as an overview of the new codification in Albania. Two essays on internal conflict of laws and on the challenges posed by cross-border coordination in insolvency matters complete this valuable collection.

Consumer ADR in the Landscape of Adjudication

The landscape of alternative dispute resolution in consumer cases (CADR) is about to change profoundly. With the advent of Directive 2013/11/EU on alternative dispute resolution (ADR) and Regulation (EU) No 524/2013 on online dispute resolution (ODR) a new way to settle disputes is advocated as a tool to enhance the internal market. The ADR system implemented by these instruments is designed to provide for speedy and low-cost out-of-court dispute settlement procedures between consumers and traders arising from the sales of goods and services. However, many questions remain open, namely the impact of the CADR system on the adjudication by state courts. The role CADR can play in the administration of justice is yet to be defined. In the present volume renowned experts of civil procedure and ADR shed light on a newly emerging branch of law.

Comparative research in the area of property law is gaining importance. Against the background of the current discussion of developing model rules, aimed at facilitating European private law harmonisation, and of ongoing law reform projects in a number of EU Member States, this volume addresses key issues in the field of the transfer of corporeal movable property.

This is the first of a series of national reports on basic issues concerning the acquisition and loss of ownership of movable assets. The series is planned to cover 27 European legal systems, distributed over six volumes, as a product of the research activities of the working group "Transfer of Movables" within the "Study Group on a European Civil Code".

Starting with general property law issues like the concepts of ownership and possession employed in the respective legal systems, and the related means of protection, the reports primarily deal with the "derivative" transfer of ownership, but extend to good faith acquisition from a non-owner, acquisitive prescription, processing and commingling, and further related issues. The reports provide the reader with detailed information about the respective rules, case law and legal literature, prepared by national property law experts. These reports are a starting point for further comparative research in property law and also a tool for practitioners searching for information on foreign legal systems. Where available and as far as reasonable, the reports include translations of the most important statutory provisions either in the text or in an annex. All reports include a table of literature and a table of abbreviations, which shall facilitate carrying out further research.

The Principles of European Law on Commercial Agency, Franchise and Distribution Contracts (PEL CAFDC, 2006) are an academic proposal of the Study Group on a European Civil Code for the European-wide regulation of the contents of these three types of agreements. The academic analysis "Franchising in European Contract Law" focuses on the harmonised Principles on Franchising.At present all member states of the EU have their own regulation on franchising. This situation might change in the light of the political process of Europeanization of contract law that was initiated by the European Commission in 2001. As a result of that process the Principles on Franchising could be declared a set of rules which might be opted for by the parties to franchising contracts Europe-wide to govern their relationship. In this analysis the main obligations in franchising in PEL CAFDC are compared with those under French and Spanish law.The main conclusion of this thesis research has been that the main obligations of parties in franchising under the PEL CAFDC resemble those under French and Spanish law. Eventually, differences will arise depending on how national courts weigh the interests of the parties in each case. A second conclusion has been that a choice for the PEL CAFDC instead of for French and Spanish law could be considered a rational alternative concerning the applicable system of remedies and legal certainty.

This is the second volume of a series of national reports on basic issues concerning the acquisition and loss of ownership of movable assets. The series is planned to cover 27 European legal systems, distributed over six volumes. Starting with general property law issues like the concepts of ownership and possession employed in the different legal systems, and the means by which they are protected, the reports primarily focus on the “derivative” transfer of ownership, but their scope extends to good faith acquisition from a non-owner, acquisitive prescription, processing and commingling, and further related issues.

The reports, prepared by national property law experts, provide the reader with detailed information about the rules, case law and legal literature in the jurisdictions concerned. They serve as a starting point for further comparative research in property law and also as a tool for practitioners searching for information on foreign legal systems.

This commentary is the first full scale article-by-article commentary in English ever to address the Brussels I Regulation. It is truly European in nature and style. It provides thorough and succinct indepth analysis of every single article and offers most valuable guidance for lawyers, judges and academics throughout Europe. It is an indispensable working tool for all practitioners involved in this field of law.

The Brussels I Regulation is by far the most prominent cornerstone of the European law of international civil procedure. Its imminence could be easily ascertained by every practitioner even remotely concerned with cross-border work in Europe. However arcane private international law in general might appear to practitioners – the Brussels I Regulation is a well-known and renowned instrument.

A true first:- The first truly European commentary on the Brussels I Regulation, the fundamental Act for jurisdiction, recognition and enforcement throughout Europe- The first commentary on the Brussels I Regulation written by a team from all over Europe- The first article-by-article commentary on the Brussels I Regulation in English

As cross-border trade and cross-border financing continue to increase while security rights over tangible property are governed by the law of the place where the moveable is situated, comparative knowledge of national secured transactions law is crucial for everyone using security rights over tangibles in a cross-border context. This book provides an in-depth examination of the key issues that arise when security rights are created, perfected and enforced in different European countries. Authored by experts on German, English, Dutch, French, Belgian, Italian and Spanish law, the national reports use practical cases and highlight differences and similarities. A special focus is placed on the way in which national courts deal with security interests created elsewhere. A comprehensive introductory chapter analyzes significant secured transactions issues, summarises the comparative data and compares them with Art. 9 of the Uniform Commercial Code (U.S.) and suggests guiding principles for a European harmonization measure or national reform efforts. The book will assist market participants and their counsel to better understand secured transactions law and relevant private international law rules of their own and other countries and assist those involved in national, EU and global law reform efforts.

In all legal systems of the European Union the law of contract and the law of tort form the main pillars of the law of obligations. Legal history and comparative law show, however, that it is not possible to cope with these two bodies of rules alone – even if their scope of application is generously conceived. Another part of the law of obligations, alongside the law of unjustified enrichment, which to some extent lies “between” contract and tort and fills the gaps that those areas of the law leave behind, is subject of this Book. The Study Group on a European Civil Code has drafted Principles relating to the unsolicited and voluntary undertaking of another’s affairs on the basis of a reasonable ground for intervention: “Principles of European Law: Benevolent Intervention in Another’s Affairs”.

The rules presented in this volume of "Principles of European Law" deal with commercial agency, franchise and distribution contracts, and with other contracts where one party uses the other party''s skill and efforts to bring its products to the market. Although these Principles are not directly applicable to other long-term (commercial) contracts, some of the Articles may be applied to such contracts by way of analogy where appropriate.The economic function of all three contracts is that they are instrumental in bringing products to the market. They are so-called vertical agreements, as they are agreements between economic actors on different levels in the production and distribution chain. Obviously, the economic importance of these contracts is enormous since they form the connection between producers and retailers who sell the products to consumers and other final users. There are only very few economic sectors where producers regularly sell their products directly to final consumer users.Goodwill compensation after the ending of a distribution contract, the moment at which the agent''s commission is due, the franchisor''s obligation to maintain the good reputation of the network are but a few examples of issues where specific rules are needed in order to give legal practice some guidance and to provide practitioners with a reasonable degree of legal certainty.

The contract for lease of goods is well known in practical life. Short-time leases of cars, to both businesses and consumers, are perhaps the most striking example, but contracts for temporary use of another person’s goods in exchange for rent are common for a wide range of products, like industrial equipment, office machines, leisure boats, sports gear, etc. Long-term leases are often chosen as an alternative to other forms of acquisition of goods ("financial leases").

This book presents a set of Principles of European law on lease contracts within the framework of the Study Group on a European Civil Code. The Principles are closely co-ordinated with other parts of what will become the Draft Common Frame of Reference for European contract law, prepared for the European Commission by several pan-European research teams co-operating in a network of excellence under the sixth Research Framework Programme.

The Principles are accompanied by explanatory comments and comparative notes containing information on lease law for 27 European countries as well as on relevant international instruments. Thus, the book is a source to knowledge on existing law, in addition to being a contribution to the analysis of the interplay between general contract law and the law of specific contracts as well as to the discussion of future European private law.

A creditor who made a loan to a debtor but does not have full confidence into the ability or willingness of the debtor to repay the loan fully and punctually, has two main options for securing his loan capital: He either can demand that the debtor gives him real security by encumbering one or several of his assets. Or he suggests to the debtor to win over a third party to act as a guarantor and to assume joint liability for repayment of the loan.

Such a form of personal security by means of a bond has been known for centuries. During the last decades, however, a number of other models for providing personal security for loans have been developed, in particular the guarantee, by now widely used in commerce.

Within the framework of plans of the Commission of the European Union to work out a uniform "framework of reference" for contract law, a multinational work group of the Study Group on a European Civil Code prepared proposals for uniform rules on personal security models. The proposals are based on legal developments formulated in the member states in the last decades and present draft uniform rules for the two basic types, viz. the dependent and the independent personal security for loans. Each proposal not only is accompanied by explanations but the legal situation in each of the 15 old member states is sketched also.

The work therefore is not only a presentation of a future model for European rules to come but provides also a fairly detailed indication of the present legal situation in the member states.

The rules presented in this volume of the "Principles of European Law" deal with sales contracts. The sales contact has served as the paradigm for contracts in general. Moreover, it is also probably the most common contract, and certainly the most common consumer contract, that there is. In fact, sales come in all shapes and sizes: ranging from the purchase of the daily newspaper at the news-stand or the groceries in the supermarket, through to the purchase of a new car and to commodity sales on highly specialised markets. Furthermore, there are many mixed transactions that contain a certain element of sale, such as distribution contracts or all sorts or manufacturing contracts.

The rules presented in this volume of "Principles of European Law" deal with service contracts. The economic importance of service contracts within the European Union is enormous. The European Commission recently estimated that services account for some 50% of EU GDP and for some 60% of employment in the Union – though an exact figure is hard to determine given that many services are provided by manufacturers of goods. According to the European Commission, many services appear in official statistics as manufacturing activity, meaning that the role of services in the economy is often significantly underestimated.

With articles by Maarit Jänterä-Jareborg, Petar Sarcevic, Hans Ulrich Jessurun d''Oliveira, Paul Volken, national reports from Venezuela, Switzerland, China, Hungaria and Germany and news from The Hague as well as texts, materials and recent developments.

With articles by Eric Clive, Manuel Rui Moura Ramos, William Duncan, national reports from Australia, the United States, Italy, Macao and Brazil and news from The Hague as well as texts, materials and recent developments.

With articles by Harry Duintjer Tebbens, David Goddard, Christoph Bernasconi, Bertrand Ancel and Frank Gerhard, Private International Law Issues in World War II Era Litigation, national reports from Germany and news from The Hague as well as texts, materials and recent developments.

With articles by Katharina Boele-Woelki and Ronald H. van Ooik, Marc Fallon and Johan Meeusen and Maarit Jänterä-Jareborg, national reports from Canada, Russia, Belgium and China, reports on court decisions and news from The Hague, Rome and Washington as well as texts, materials and recent developments.

With articles by Symeon Symeonides, Ronald A. Brand, Andrea Bonomi, national reports from Korea, Bulgaria and Slovenia and news from The Hague and Brussels as well as texts, materials and recent developments.

With articles by Jürgen Basedow, Jan von Hein, Dorothee Janzen, Hans-Jürgen Puttfarken, François Dessemontet, Tito Ballarino, Benedetta Ubertazzi, Willibald Posch, Roberto Baratta and Luigi Fumagalli, national reports from Spain, Poland and Israel, news from The Hague as well as texts, materials and recent developments.

From 2005 on the Yearbook of Private International Law is published by S.ELP in cooperation with the Swiss Institute of Comparative Law. This English-language annual publication provides analysis and information on private international law developments world-wide. The Editors commission articles of enduring importance concerning the most significant trends in the field. The Yearbook also devotes attention to the important work and research carried out in the context of the Hague Conference, The Hague Academy, UNCITRAL and UNIDROIT. The authority of the editors and the lasting nature of the works included make the Yearbook an integral addition to the libraries of international law scholars and practitioners.

Current Volume VIII (2006) of the Yearbook of Private International Law is arguably one of the most comprehensive collections of essays in English-language of our time:

It presents the reader with a broad overview on the status and trends of private international law from the United States to India, from France to Tunisia, from England to China, from Latvia to Qatar, from Sweden to Japan.

All main areas of law are addressed: among others, marriage, including same-sex marriage, adoption and protection of children, euthanasia and living wills, inheritance, contracts, torts, insolvency.

Each of the four traditional steps of the “conflict process” is taken into account: adjudicatory jurisdiction, international cooperation and procedure, applicable law and its various incidents, recognition of foreign judgments.

Practitioners will especially benefit from several contributions on international arbitration.

Benefecial for: scholars, lawyers, judges, notaries, lawyers in law departments of international enterprises, legal libraries, working in the field of Private International Law.

2007 was arguably the most extraordinary year in recent memory for the development of Private International Law. Reflecting the vitality and fluidity of a subject that is in constant motion, Volume IX of the Yearbook of Private International Law is again a very rich and multi-faceted book.An entire thematic section of this volume is devoted to the "Rome II" Regulation on the law applicable to non-contractual obligations, which was adopted by the EC institutions in July 2007. Being the first EC regulation on pure applicable law issues, this text opens up a new era in the process of creating a European PIL system. It deserved therefore a detailed commentary and analysis of its main provisions by experts from several EU States. Because of the interest that this European text presents for third party States, some distinguished scholars from non-European areas (the US, Japan, Latin America and Australia) were also asked to express their views on this important piece of Community legislation and the possible influence it may have on conflict developments in their respective countries and regions.

This short study aims to evaluate the Draft Common Frame of Refence in terms of social justice. In particular, it addresses the idea of a European notion of social justice, the relationship between private law and democracy, the question whether the DCFR can be regarded as a neo-liberal or socialist project, the values and principles underlying the DCFR, the protection of weaker parties, and the role of general clauses such as good faith.

The CISG is now being applied extensively both by international arbitral tribunals and by domestic courts of its more than 70 contracting states. But do they also apply it in the same manner? Although Article 7 of the CISG underscores "the need to promote uniformity in its application", it gives little guidance as to how to achieve this goal. Each judge and arbitrator is influenced by the legal methodology of his home jurisdiction. Therefore it is somewhat of a paradox that whilst the number of contracting states is constantly increasing so too is the threat of variation in application.In this book the most important issues of the CISG''s methodology are analysed by leading experts from five continents. Whereas some authors provide a thorough analysis of the central topics of interpretation, others enter almost uncharted territories.

“Daily Mail”, “Centros”, “Überseering” and “Inspire Art”: The ECJ has triggered by applying the principle of freedom of establishment step by step the competition between EU corporate legal systems. Entrepreneurs and investors within the EU now can choose between the various corporate legal forms of the various member states when deciding where and how to carry out their business.

“Corporate Business Forms in Europe” is the first compendium including a review and description of the most important types of corporate business forms (i.e. public/private limited liability companies and variations thereof) in the newly enlarged Europe. In particular with respect to the proposed directive concerning the transfer of the registered office of a company from one member state to another under perpetuation of its legal capacity this compendium becomes an indispensable reference book for investors/businessmen, lawyers and students providing practical information starting with the formation and ending with the winding up of the various types of corporate entities presented.

The team of authors comprises lawyers and professionals from the various countries concerned with a profound background in corporate law.

The EC Consumer Law Compendium presents the results of a wide-ranging study prepared for the European Commisison. This Compendium provides the reader with the necessary information for conducting pan-European cross-border consumer transactions.

For the first time, the transposition of 8 key consumer directives (including those on sales, unfair terms, distance and doorstep selling as well as package travel and timeshare) into the national laws of all Member States is analyzed. The findings of this study reveal the substantial differences between the various national implementing measures as a result of utilising minimum harmonisation clauses and regulatory options.

The Association Henri Capitant des Amis de la Culture Juridique Française and the Société de législation comparée joined the academic network on European Contract Law in 2005 to work on the elaboration of a "common terminology" and on "guiding principles" as well as to propose a revised version of the Principles of European Contract Law (PECL). The results of this work were sent to the European Commission and have already been published in French. The English translation is now being published by sellier.elp. This work could contribute to the wider European project. The part on the guiding principles could be a component of the CFR, in the form of "black letter" model rules or recitals. The part on terminology is, in itself, useful for the elaboration of the final various linguistic versions of the CFR. It finds its place within the materials which will accompany the model rules. Last but by no means least, the revised version of the PECL should be considered by the European institutions as an alternative set of model rules on contract law.