LOUIS H. FELDMAN (1926–2017) was Wouk Family Professor of Classics and Literature Emeritus at Yeshiva University, where he taught since 1955. Feldman’s many publications include Josephus and Modern Scholarship; Jew and Gentile in the Ancient World; and Josephus’s Interpretation of the Bible. A leading scholar of ancient Judaism and Hellenistic culture, Feldman is associate editor of Classical Weekly, managing editor of Classical World, and former editor of Hellenistic Literature for the Encyclopedia Judaica.JAMES L. KUGEL is professor of Bible at Bar-Ilan University in Israel and the former Starr Professor of Hebrew Literature at Harvard University. Kugel specializes in the Hebrew Bible, the history of biblical exegesis, and the study of ancient Judaism. His many books include How to Read the Bible; The God of Old; and The Bible as It Was.LAWRENCE H. SCHIFFMAN is professor of Judaic studies and vice provost of undergraduate education at Yeshiva University. Schiffman is former chair of New York University’s Skirball Department of Hebrew and Judaic Studies and Ethel and Irvin A. Edelman Professor Emeritus of Hebrew and Judaic Studies. Schiffman is a leading scholar of ancient Judaism with special interest in the study of the Dead Sea Scrolls. In addition to his many publications, he is the coeditor of the Oxford Encyclopedia of the Dead Sea Scrolls and editor of The Dead Sea Scrolls: Fifty Years after Their Discovery.The Contributors: Patricia Ahearne-Kroll, Gary A. Anderson, Joseph L. Angel, Kenneth Atkinson, Harold W. Attridge, David E. Aune , John M. Barclay, Bezalel Bar-Kochva, Albert I. Baumgarten, Adam H. Becker, Ellen Birnbaum , Peder Borgen, Miryam T. Brand, George J. Brooke, Silvia Castelli, Esther G. Chazon, Naomi G. Cohen, John J. Collins, Sidnie White Crawford, David A. deSilva, Devorah Dimant, Lorenzo DiTommaso, Jean Duhaime, Peter Enns, Esther Eshel, Hanan Eshel, Daniel K. Falk, Louis H. Feldman, Michael V. Fox, Steven D. Fraade, David M. Goldenberg, Andrew D. Gross, Erich S. Gruen, Betsy Halpern-Amaru , Angela Kim Harkins, David M. Hay, Matthias Henze, Karina Martin Hogan, Howard Jacobson, Sara Japhet, Alex P. Jassen, Sara Raup Johnson, James L. Kugel, Alexander Kulik, Armin Lange, Matthew J. Morgenstern, Gohar Muradyan, George W. E. Nickelsburg, Maren R. Niehoff , Bilhah Nitzan, Sarah Judith Pearce, Annette Yoshiko Reed, David T. Runia, Lawrence H. Schiffman, Eileen Schuller, Daniel R. Schwartz, Michael Segal, Paul Spilsbury , Gregory E. Sterling, Michael E. Stone, Loren Theo Stuckenbruck, Michael D. Swartz, Aram Topchyan, Pablo Torijano, Emanuel Tov, Shani Berrin Tzoref, Pieter W. van der Horst, Walter T. Wilson, Benjamin G. Wright III, Miriam Zangi, and Yevgeniy Y. Zingerman .

"Outside the Bible will replace classic earlier anthologies as the premier compendium of primary texts for scholars and teachers of the period."-Hindy Najman, Jewish Review of Books “This publication is a gold mine. The series is beautifully printed and bound. On display are the creative geniuses of Second Temple Judaism who have excited both Jews and Christians. The insights shared in the commentaries are superb.”-James H. Charlesworth, Bible History Daily  "Outside the Bible is probably the most am­bitious project undertaken by The Jewish Publication Society in many years."-Peter L. Rothholz, Jewish Book Council "Biblical scholars, Second Temple period historians, and Jewish educators will find themselves consulting Outside the Bible regularly."-Igal German, Society of Biblical Literature "The work of more than seventy contributing experts in a range of fields, Outside the Bible offers new insights into the development of Judaism and Early Christianity. This three-volume set of translations, introductions, and detailed commentaries is a must for scholars, students, and anyone interested in this great body of ancient Jewish writings."-Review of Biblical Literature "These worthwhile volumes will open a whole new world of exegetical literature to the general public and are highly recommended."-David Zucker, Jewish Bible Quarterly “Breathtaking in its scope and eminently satisfying in its execution, Outside the Bible will prove to be an indispensable reference for every scholar of the Hebrew Bible, Second Temple Judaism, the New Testament, and early Christianity. With introductions to and translations of the mass of noncanonical Jewish writings produced from the Exile up to the Mishnah, by an eminent group of internationally renowned scholars, here we have a resource that will meet scholarly needs for generations to come.”-Bart D. Ehrman, James A. Gray Professor, Department of Religious Studies, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

• ContentsAcknowledgments Introduction  To the Reader Lists of Abbreviations The Septuagint Emanuel Tov The Apocrypha and Pseudepigrapha James Kugel The Writings of Philo  David Runia The Writings of Josephus Louis H. Feldman The Dead Sea Scrolls  Lawrence H. SchiffmanThe Bible Translated into Greek (the Septuagint) Introduction to the Septuagint Selections Emanuel Tov Genesis 11   Emanuel Tov Deuteronomy 32  Emanuel Tov Joshua 20 Emanuel Tov Joshua 24 Emanuel Tov Selections from Samuel-Kings Emanuel Tov 1 Samuel 1 1 Samuel 2 1 Kings 2 1 Kings 5 1 Kings 11 Selections from Jeremiah Emanuel Tov Jeremiah 10 Jeremiah 27 Jeremiah 43 Proverbs 1 Emanuel Tov Selections from Esther Emanuel Tov Esther 1 Esther 3 Esther 8 Additions to Esther  Michael V. Fox Job 34   Emanuel Tov Daniel 4  Emanuel Tov Additions to Daniel Matthias Henze The Story of Susanna and the Elders Prayer of Azariah and the Song of the Three Jews Bel and the Dragon 1 Esdras  Sara JaphetSustained Biblical Commentaries: Retellings and Pesharim Commentary on Genesis A George J. Brooke Ages of Creation  Andrew Gross The Book of Giants  Loren Theo Stuckenbruck Genesis Apocryphon Matthew J. Morgenstern and Michael Segal Admonition Based on the Flood Alex P. Jassen Jubilees James L. Kugel Pseudo-Jubilees James L. Kugel Pseudo-Philo, Book of Biblical Antiquities Howard Jacobson Pseudo-Daniel John J. Collins Son of God   John J. Collins Pesher Nahum  Shani Berrin Tzoref Pesher Habakkuk  Bilhah NitzanGreek Jewish Interpreters Demetrius the Chronographer Lorenzo DiTommaso Artapanus   Erich S. Gruen Eupolemus  Gregory E. Sterling Pseudo-Eupolemus  Gregory E. Sterling Pseudo-Hecataeus  Bezalel Bar-Kochva Theodotus, "On the Jews" Howard Jacobson Philo the Epic Poet  Harold W. Attridge Ezekiel the Tragedian Howard Jacobson Pseudo-Orpheus David Aune Pseudo-Philo, On Samson and On Jonah Aram Topchyan and Gohar Muradyan    The Biblical Interpretations of Philo Questions and Answers on Genesis and Exodus Aram Topchyan and Gohar Muradyan  On the Creation of the World   David T. Runia Allegorical Interpretation   Maren R. Niehoff On the Life of Abraham   Ellen Birnbaum On the Migration of Abraham  Peder Borgen On the Life of Moses    Maren R. Niehoff On the Decalogue     Sarah J.K. Pearce On the Special Laws   Naomi G. CohenThe Biblical Interpretations of Josephus's Jewish Antiquities Preface to Jewish Antiquities  Louis H. Feldman Creation    Louis H. Feldman The Flood    Louis H. Feldman Abraham Journeys to Canaan and Egypt Louis H. Feldman The Akedah    Louis H. Feldman Joseph and Potiphar's Wife  Louis H. Feldman The Rape of Dinah   Louis H. Feldman Moses's Campaign against the Ethiopians Louis H. Feldman The Sending of the Spies Louis H. Feldman The Revolt of Korah   Louis H. Feldman The Story of Balaam   Louis H. Feldman The Death of Moses   Louis H. Feldman Mosaic Constitution   David Goldenberg The Altar across the Jordan  Silvia Castelli The Levite and His Wife  Silvia Castelli Deborah    Silvia Castelli Jephthah's Vow  Silvia Castelli Birth of Samson   Silvia Castelli Marriage of Ruth and Boaz  Silvia Castelli Massacre at Nob   Silvia Castelli God Rejects Saul   Silvia Castelli The Witch of Endor   Silvia Castelli The Death of Saul   Silvia Castelli David Kills Goliath   Silvia Castelli David and Bathsheba   Silvia Castelli Death of Absalom   Silvia Castelli Solomon's Wisdom (The Case of the Two Harlots) Pablo Torijano Phoenician Writings on Solomon's Wisdom Pablo Torijano Solomon's Magical Powers Pablo Torijano Solomon's Prayer (at the Temple's Dedication) Pablo Torijano The Return from Exile  Paul Spilsbury Esther     Paul SpilsburyInterpretive Texts Centering on Biblical Figures Life of Adam and Eve   Gary Anderson 1 Enoch    Miriam Brand Apocalypse of Abraham  Alexander Kulik Melchizedek    Joseph L. Angel Aramaic Levi Document  Michael E. Stone and Esther Eshel Visions of Amram   Andrew Gross Song of Miriam   Sidnie White Crawford Apocryphon of Joshua  Miriam Zangi and Hanan Eshel The Vision of Samuel   Andrew Gross Pseudo-Ezekiel   Devorah Dimant The Apocryphon of Ezekiel  Benjamin G. Wright III Letter of Jeremiah   Steven Fraade 1 Baruch    Steven Fraade 2 Baruch    Adam H. Becker 3 Baruch    Yivgeny Zingerman Prayer of Nabonidus   John J. Collins 4 Ezra     Karina Martin HoganTestaments Testament of Abraham   Annette Yoshiko Reed Testaments of the Twelve Patriarchs James L. Kugel Testament of Moses    Kenneth Atkinson Testament of Kohath    Andrew Gross Testament of Job    Harold W. AttridgePrayers and Psalms Psalms of Solomon    Kenneth Atkinson Self-Glorification Hymn   Esther Eshel Daily Prayers     Daniel K. Falk Festival Prayers    Daniel K. Falk Words of the Luminaries   Daniel K. Falk Angelic Liturgy    Michael Swartz Thanksgiving Hymns (Hodayot)  Angela Kim Harkins Apocryphal Psalms    Eileen Schuller Non-Canonical Psalms   Eileen Schuller Greek Synagogal Prayers   Pieter W. van der Horst Prayer of Enoch    James Kugel Prayer of Manasseh    Esther G. Chazon Prayer for King Jonathan   Hanan EshelWisdom Writings Wisdom of Solomon    Peter Enns Wisdom of Ben Sira    Benjamin Wright Pseudo-Phocylides, Sentences Pieter W. van der Horst 4 Maccabees    David A. deSilva Wisdom Literature from the Qumran Library Armin Lange Wiles of the Wicked Woman  Armin Lange Words of the Maskil to All Sons of Dawn  Armin Lange Book of Mysteries  Armin Lange     Beatitudes Armin Lange Instruction-like Composition B Armin Lange Musar LeMevin Armin LangePhilosophical Treatises of Philo On the Virtues    Walter Wilson On the Contemplative Life   David M. Hay and David T. Runia The Hypothetica    Gregory E. SterlingStories Set in Biblical and Early Post-Biblical Times Joseph and Aseneth   Patricia Ahearne-Kroll Judith     Betsy Halpern-Amaru Tobit     George Nickelsburg 4 Baruch    Pablo Torijano 3 Maccabees    Sara Raup JohnsonHistorical Writings Pertaining to Post-Biblical Times The Letter of Aristeas   Erich S. Gruen 1 Maccabees    Lawrence H. Schiffman 2 Maccabees    Daniel R. Schwartz Jewish War: Excursus on Jewish Groups: Albert I. Baumgarten Against Apion    John M. BarclaySectarian Texts: Community, Law, and the End of Days Rule of the Community           Alex Jassen Damascus Document              Joseph L. Angel Temple Scroll                           Lawrence H. Schiffman Some Precepts of the Torah    Lawrence H. Schiffman       War Scroll                           Jean Duhaime New Jerusalem                        Joseph L. Angel   Notes Books of the Bible: The Traditional Hebrew (Masoretic Text) and the Septuagint List of Second Temple Literature Writings of Philo Writings of Josephus Apocrypha Pseudepigrapha Primary Documents of the Dead Sea Scrolls Contributors General Subject Index

LOUIS H. FELDMAN (1926–2017) was Wouk Family Professor of Classics and Literature Emeritus at Yeshiva University, where he taught since 1955. Feldman’s many publications include Josephus and Modern Scholarship; Jew and Gentile in the Ancient World; and Josephus’s Interpretation of the Bible. A leading scholar of ancient Judaism and Hellenistic culture, Feldman is associate editor of Classical Weekly, managing editor of Classical World, and former editor of Hellenistic Literature for the Encyclopedia Judaica.JAMES L. KUGEL is professor of Bible at Bar-Ilan University in Israel and the former Starr Professor of Hebrew Literature at Harvard University. Kugel specializes in the Hebrew Bible, the history of biblical exegesis, and the study of ancient Judaism. His many books include How to Read the Bible; The God of Old; and The Bible as It Was.LAWRENCE H. SCHIFFMAN is professor of Judaic studies and vice provost of undergraduate education at Yeshiva University. Schiffman is former chair of New York University’s Skirball Department of Hebrew and Judaic Studies and Ethel and Irvin A. Edelman Professor Emeritus of Hebrew and Judaic Studies. Schiffman is a leading scholar of ancient Judaism with special interest in the study of the Dead Sea Scrolls. In addition to his many publications, he is the coeditor of the Oxford Encyclopedia of the Dead Sea Scrolls and editor of The Dead Sea Scrolls: Fifty Years after Their Discovery.The Contributors: Patricia Ahearne-Kroll, Gary A. Anderson, Joseph L. Angel, Kenneth Atkinson, Harold W. Attridge, David E. Aune , John M. Barclay, Bezalel Bar-Kochva, Albert I. Baumgarten, Adam H. Becker, Ellen Birnbaum , Peder Borgen, Miryam T. Brand, George J. Brooke, Silvia Castelli, Esther G. Chazon, Naomi G. Cohen, John J. Collins, Sidnie White Crawford, David A. deSilva, Devorah Dimant, Lorenzo DiTommaso, Jean Duhaime, Peter Enns, Esther Eshel, Hanan Eshel, Daniel K. Falk, Louis H. Feldman, Michael V. Fox, Steven D. Fraade, David M. Goldenberg, Andrew D. Gross, Erich S. Gruen, Betsy Halpern-Amaru , Angela Kim Harkins, David M. Hay, Matthias Henze, Karina Martin Hogan, Howard Jacobson, Sara Japhet, Alex P. Jassen, Sara Raup Johnson, James L. Kugel, Alexander Kulik, Armin Lange, Matthew J. Morgenstern, Gohar Muradyan, George W. E. Nickelsburg, Maren R. Niehoff , Bilhah Nitzan, Sarah Judith Pearce, Annette Yoshiko Reed, David T. Runia, Lawrence H. Schiffman, Eileen Schuller, Daniel R. Schwartz, Michael Segal, Paul Spilsbury , Gregory E. Sterling, Michael E. Stone, Loren Theo Stuckenbruck, Michael D. Swartz, Aram Topchyan, Pablo Torijano, Emanuel Tov, Shani Berrin Tzoref, Pieter W. van der Horst, Walter T. Wilson, Benjamin G. Wright III, Miriam Zangi, and Yevgeniy Y. Zingerman .

"Outside the Bible will replace classic earlier anthologies as the premier compendium of primary texts for scholars and teachers of the period."-Hindy Najman, Jewish Review of Books “This publication is a gold mine. The series is beautifully printed and bound. On display are the creative geniuses of Second Temple Judaism who have excited both Jews and Christians. The insights shared in the commentaries are superb.”-James H. Charlesworth, Bible History Daily  "Outside the Bible is probably the most am­bitious project undertaken by The Jewish Publication Society in many years."-Peter L. Rothholz, Jewish Book Council "Biblical scholars, Second Temple period historians, and Jewish educators will find themselves consulting Outside the Bible regularly."-Igal German, Society of Biblical Literature "The work of more than seventy contributing experts in a range of fields, Outside the Bible offers new insights into the development of Judaism and Early Christianity. This three-volume set of translations, introductions, and detailed commentaries is a must for scholars, students, and anyone interested in this great body of ancient Jewish writings."-Review of Biblical Literature "These worthwhile volumes will open a whole new world of exegetical literature to the general public and are highly recommended."-David Zucker, Jewish Bible Quarterly “Breathtaking in its scope and eminently satisfying in its execution, Outside the Bible will prove to be an indispensable reference for every scholar of the Hebrew Bible, Second Temple Judaism, the New Testament, and early Christianity. With introductions to and translations of the mass of noncanonical Jewish writings produced from the Exile up to the Mishnah, by an eminent group of internationally renowned scholars, here we have a resource that will meet scholarly needs for generations to come.”-Bart D. Ehrman, James A. Gray Professor, Department of Religious Studies, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

• ContentsAcknowledgments Introduction  To the Reader Lists of Abbreviations The Septuagint Emanuel Tov The Apocrypha and Pseudepigrapha James Kugel The Writings of Philo  David Runia The Writings of Josephus Louis H. Feldman The Dead Sea Scrolls  Lawrence H. SchiffmanThe Bible Translated into Greek (the Septuagint) Introduction to the Septuagint Selections Emanuel Tov Genesis 11   Emanuel Tov Deuteronomy 32  Emanuel Tov Joshua 20 Emanuel Tov Joshua 24 Emanuel Tov Selections from Samuel-Kings Emanuel Tov 1 Samuel 1 1 Samuel 2 1 Kings 2 1 Kings 5 1 Kings 11 Selections from Jeremiah Emanuel Tov Jeremiah 10 Jeremiah 27 Jeremiah 43 Proverbs 1 Emanuel Tov Selections from Esther Emanuel Tov Esther 1 Esther 3 Esther 8 Additions to Esther  Michael V. Fox Job 34   Emanuel Tov Daniel 4  Emanuel Tov Additions to Daniel Matthias Henze The Story of Susanna and the Elders Prayer of Azariah and the Song of the Three Jews Bel and the Dragon 1 Esdras  Sara JaphetSustained Biblical Commentaries: Retellings and Pesharim Commentary on Genesis A George J. Brooke Ages of Creation  Andrew Gross The Book of Giants  Loren Theo Stuckenbruck Genesis Apocryphon Matthew J. Morgenstern and Michael Segal Admonition Based on the Flood Alex P. Jassen Jubilees James L. Kugel Pseudo-Jubilees James L. Kugel Pseudo-Philo, Book of Biblical Antiquities Howard Jacobson Pseudo-Daniel John J. Collins Son of God   John J. Collins Pesher Nahum  Shani Berrin Tzoref Pesher Habakkuk  Bilhah NitzanGreek Jewish Interpreters Demetrius the Chronographer Lorenzo DiTommaso Artapanus   Erich S. Gruen Eupolemus  Gregory E. Sterling Pseudo-Eupolemus  Gregory E. Sterling Pseudo-Hecataeus  Bezalel Bar-Kochva Theodotus, "On the Jews" Howard Jacobson Philo the Epic Poet  Harold W. Attridge Ezekiel the Tragedian Howard Jacobson Pseudo-Orpheus David Aune Pseudo-Philo, On Samson and On Jonah Aram Topchyan and Gohar Muradyan    The Biblical Interpretations of Philo Questions and Answers on Genesis and Exodus Aram Topchyan and Gohar Muradyan  On the Creation of the World   David T. Runia Allegorical Interpretation   Maren R. Niehoff On the Life of Abraham   Ellen Birnbaum On the Migration of Abraham  Peder Borgen On the Life of Moses    Maren R. Niehoff On the Decalogue     Sarah J.K. Pearce On the Special Laws   Naomi G. CohenThe Biblical Interpretations of Josephus's Jewish Antiquities Preface to Jewish Antiquities  Louis H. Feldman Creation    Louis H. Feldman The Flood    Louis H. Feldman Abraham Journeys to Canaan and Egypt Louis H. Feldman The Akedah    Louis H. Feldman Joseph and Potiphar's Wife  Louis H. Feldman The Rape of Dinah   Louis H. Feldman Moses's Campaign against the Ethiopians Louis H. Feldman The Sending of the Spies Louis H. Feldman The Revolt of Korah   Louis H. Feldman The Story of Balaam   Louis H. Feldman The Death of Moses   Louis H. Feldman Mosaic Constitution   David Goldenberg The Altar across the Jordan  Silvia Castelli The Levite and His Wife  Silvia Castelli Deborah    Silvia Castelli Jephthah's Vow  Silvia Castelli Birth of Samson   Silvia Castelli Marriage of Ruth and Boaz  Silvia Castelli Massacre at Nob   Silvia Castelli God Rejects Saul   Silvia Castelli The Witch of Endor   Silvia Castelli The Death of Saul   Silvia Castelli David Kills Goliath   Silvia Castelli David and Bathsheba   Silvia Castelli Death of Absalom   Silvia Castelli Solomon's Wisdom (The Case of the Two Harlots) Pablo Torijano Phoenician Writings on Solomon's Wisdom Pablo Torijano Solomon's Magical Powers Pablo Torijano Solomon's Prayer (at the Temple's Dedication) Pablo Torijano The Return from Exile  Paul Spilsbury Esther     Paul SpilsburyInterpretive Texts Centering on Biblical Figures Life of Adam and Eve   Gary Anderson 1 Enoch    Miriam Brand Apocalypse of Abraham  Alexander Kulik Melchizedek    Joseph L. Angel Aramaic Levi Document  Michael E. Stone and Esther Eshel Visions of Amram   Andrew Gross Song of Miriam   Sidnie White Crawford Apocryphon of Joshua  Miriam Zangi and Hanan Eshel The Vision of Samuel   Andrew Gross Pseudo-Ezekiel   Devorah Dimant The Apocryphon of Ezekiel  Benjamin G. Wright III Letter of Jeremiah   Steven Fraade 1 Baruch    Steven Fraade 2 Baruch    Adam H. Becker 3 Baruch    Yivgeny Zingerman Prayer of Nabonidus   John J. Collins 4 Ezra     Karina Martin HoganTestaments Testament of Abraham   Annette Yoshiko Reed Testaments of the Twelve Patriarchs James L. Kugel Testament of Moses    Kenneth Atkinson Testament of Kohath    Andrew Gross Testament of Job    Harold W. AttridgePrayers and Psalms Psalms of Solomon    Kenneth Atkinson Self-Glorification Hymn   Esther Eshel Daily Prayers     Daniel K. Falk Festival Prayers    Daniel K. Falk Words of the Luminaries   Daniel K. Falk Angelic Liturgy    Michael Swartz Thanksgiving Hymns (Hodayot)  Angela Kim Harkins Apocryphal Psalms    Eileen Schuller Non-Canonical Psalms   Eileen Schuller Greek Synagogal Prayers   Pieter W. van der Horst Prayer of Enoch    James Kugel Prayer of Manasseh    Esther G. Chazon Prayer for King Jonathan   Hanan EshelWisdom Writings Wisdom of Solomon    Peter Enns Wisdom of Ben Sira    Benjamin Wright Pseudo-Phocylides, Sentences Pieter W. van der Horst 4 Maccabees    David A. deSilva Wisdom Literature from the Qumran Library Armin Lange Wiles of the Wicked Woman  Armin Lange Words of the Maskil to All Sons of Dawn  Armin Lange Book of Mysteries  Armin Lange     Beatitudes Armin Lange Instruction-like Composition B Armin Lange Musar LeMevin Armin LangePhilosophical Treatises of Philo On the Virtues    Walter Wilson On the Contemplative Life   David M. Hay and David T. Runia The Hypothetica    Gregory E. SterlingStories Set in Biblical and Early Post-Biblical Times Joseph and Aseneth   Patricia Ahearne-Kroll Judith     Betsy Halpern-Amaru Tobit     George Nickelsburg 4 Baruch    Pablo Torijano 3 Maccabees    Sara Raup JohnsonHistorical Writings Pertaining to Post-Biblical Times The Letter of Aristeas   Erich S. Gruen 1 Maccabees    Lawrence H. Schiffman 2 Maccabees    Daniel R. Schwartz Jewish War: Excursus on Jewish Groups: Albert I. Baumgarten Against Apion    John M. BarclaySectarian Texts: Community, Law, and the End of Days Rule of the Community           Alex Jassen Damascus Document              Joseph L. Angel Temple Scroll                           Lawrence H. Schiffman Some Precepts of the Torah    Lawrence H. Schiffman       War Scroll                           Jean Duhaime New Jerusalem                        Joseph L. Angel   Notes Books of the Bible: The Traditional Hebrew (Masoretic Text) and the Septuagint List of Second Temple Literature Writings of Philo Writings of Josephus Apocrypha Pseudepigrapha Primary Documents of the Dead Sea Scrolls Contributors General Subject Index

LOUIS H. FELDMAN (1926–2017) was Wouk Family Professor of Classics and Literature Emeritus at Yeshiva University, where he taught since 1955. Feldman’s many publications include Josephus and Modern Scholarship; Jew and Gentile in the Ancient World; and Josephus’s Interpretation of the Bible. A leading scholar of ancient Judaism and Hellenistic culture, Feldman is associate editor of Classical Weekly, managing editor of Classical World, and former editor of Hellenistic Literature for the Encyclopedia Judaica.JAMES L. KUGEL is professor of Bible at Bar-Ilan University in Israel and the former Starr Professor of Hebrew Literature at Harvard University. Kugel specializes in the Hebrew Bible, the history of biblical exegesis, and the study of ancient Judaism. His many books include How to Read the Bible; The God of Old; and The Bible as It Was.LAWRENCE H. SCHIFFMAN is professor of Judaic studies and vice provost of undergraduate education at Yeshiva University. Schiffman is former chair of New York University’s Skirball Department of Hebrew and Judaic Studies and Ethel and Irvin A. Edelman Professor Emeritus of Hebrew and Judaic Studies. Schiffman is a leading scholar of ancient Judaism with special interest in the study of the Dead Sea Scrolls. In addition to his many publications, he is the coeditor of the Oxford Encyclopedia of the Dead Sea Scrolls and editor of The Dead Sea Scrolls: Fifty Years after Their Discovery.The Contributors: Patricia Ahearne-Kroll, Gary A. Anderson, Joseph L. Angel, Kenneth Atkinson, Harold W. Attridge, David E. Aune , John M. Barclay, Bezalel Bar-Kochva, Albert I. Baumgarten, Adam H. Becker, Ellen Birnbaum , Peder Borgen, Miryam T. Brand, George J. Brooke, Silvia Castelli, Esther G. Chazon, Naomi G. Cohen, John J. Collins, Sidnie White Crawford, David A. deSilva, Devorah Dimant, Lorenzo DiTommaso, Jean Duhaime, Peter Enns, Esther Eshel, Hanan Eshel, Daniel K. Falk, Louis H. Feldman, Michael V. Fox, Steven D. Fraade, David M. Goldenberg, Andrew D. Gross, Erich S. Gruen, Betsy Halpern-Amaru , Angela Kim Harkins, David M. Hay, Matthias Henze, Karina Martin Hogan, Howard Jacobson, Sara Japhet, Alex P. Jassen, Sara Raup Johnson, James L. Kugel, Alexander Kulik, Armin Lange, Matthew J. Morgenstern, Gohar Muradyan, George W. E. Nickelsburg, Maren R. Niehoff , Bilhah Nitzan, Sarah Judith Pearce, Annette Yoshiko Reed, David T. Runia, Lawrence H. Schiffman, Eileen Schuller, Daniel R. Schwartz, Michael Segal, Paul Spilsbury , Gregory E. Sterling, Michael E. Stone, Loren Theo Stuckenbruck, Michael D. Swartz, Aram Topchyan, Pablo Torijano, Emanuel Tov, Shani Berrin Tzoref, Pieter W. van der Horst, Walter T. Wilson, Benjamin G. Wright III, Miriam Zangi, and Yevgeniy Y. Zingerman .

"Outside the Bible will replace classic earlier anthologies as the premier compendium of primary texts for scholars and teachers of the period."-Hindy Najman, Jewish Review of Books “This publication is a gold mine. The series is beautifully printed and bound. On display are the creative geniuses of Second Temple Judaism who have excited both Jews and Christians. The insights shared in the commentaries are superb.”-James H. Charlesworth, Bible History Daily  "Outside the Bible is probably the most am­bitious project undertaken by The Jewish Publication Society in many years."-Peter L. Rothholz, Jewish Book Council "Biblical scholars, Second Temple period historians, and Jewish educators will find themselves consulting Outside the Bible regularly."-Igal German, Society of Biblical Literature "The work of more than seventy contributing experts in a range of fields, Outside the Bible offers new insights into the development of Judaism and Early Christianity. This three-volume set of translations, introductions, and detailed commentaries is a must for scholars, students, and anyone interested in this great body of ancient Jewish writings."-Review of Biblical Literature "These worthwhile volumes will open a whole new world of exegetical literature to the general public and are highly recommended."-David Zucker, Jewish Bible Quarterly “Breathtaking in its scope and eminently satisfying in its execution, Outside the Bible will prove to be an indispensable reference for every scholar of the Hebrew Bible, Second Temple Judaism, the New Testament, and early Christianity. With introductions to and translations of the mass of noncanonical Jewish writings produced from the Exile up to the Mishnah, by an eminent group of internationally renowned scholars, here we have a resource that will meet scholarly needs for generations to come.”-Bart D. Ehrman, James A. Gray Professor, Department of Religious Studies, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

• ContentsAcknowledgments Introduction  To the Reader Lists of Abbreviations The Septuagint Emanuel Tov The Apocrypha and Pseudepigrapha James Kugel The Writings of Philo  David Runia The Writings of Josephus Louis H. Feldman The Dead Sea Scrolls  Lawrence H. SchiffmanThe Bible Translated into Greek (the Septuagint) Introduction to the Septuagint Selections Emanuel Tov Genesis 11   Emanuel Tov Deuteronomy 32  Emanuel Tov Joshua 20 Emanuel Tov Joshua 24 Emanuel Tov Selections from Samuel-Kings Emanuel Tov 1 Samuel 1 1 Samuel 2 1 Kings 2 1 Kings 5 1 Kings 11 Selections from Jeremiah Emanuel Tov Jeremiah 10 Jeremiah 27 Jeremiah 43 Proverbs 1 Emanuel Tov Selections from Esther Emanuel Tov Esther 1 Esther 3 Esther 8 Additions to Esther  Michael V. Fox Job 34   Emanuel Tov Daniel 4  Emanuel Tov Additions to Daniel Matthias Henze The Story of Susanna and the Elders Prayer of Azariah and the Song of the Three Jews Bel and the Dragon 1 Esdras  Sara JaphetSustained Biblical Commentaries: Retellings and Pesharim Commentary on Genesis A George J. Brooke Ages of Creation  Andrew Gross The Book of Giants  Loren Theo Stuckenbruck Genesis Apocryphon Matthew J. Morgenstern and Michael Segal Admonition Based on the Flood Alex P. Jassen Jubilees James L. Kugel Pseudo-Jubilees James L. Kugel Pseudo-Philo, Book of Biblical Antiquities Howard Jacobson Pseudo-Daniel John J. Collins Son of God   John J. Collins Pesher Nahum  Shani Berrin Tzoref Pesher Habakkuk  Bilhah NitzanGreek Jewish Interpreters Demetrius the Chronographer Lorenzo DiTommaso Artapanus   Erich S. Gruen Eupolemus  Gregory E. Sterling Pseudo-Eupolemus  Gregory E. Sterling Pseudo-Hecataeus  Bezalel Bar-Kochva Theodotus, "On the Jews" Howard Jacobson Philo the Epic Poet  Harold W. Attridge Ezekiel the Tragedian Howard Jacobson Pseudo-Orpheus David Aune Pseudo-Philo, On Samson and On Jonah Aram Topchyan and Gohar Muradyan    The Biblical Interpretations of Philo Questions and Answers on Genesis and Exodus Aram Topchyan and Gohar Muradyan  On the Creation of the World   David T. Runia Allegorical Interpretation   Maren R. Niehoff On the Life of Abraham   Ellen Birnbaum On the Migration of Abraham  Peder Borgen On the Life of Moses    Maren R. Niehoff On the Decalogue     Sarah J.K. Pearce On the Special Laws   Naomi G. CohenThe Biblical Interpretations of Josephus's Jewish Antiquities Preface to Jewish Antiquities  Louis H. Feldman Creation    Louis H. Feldman The Flood    Louis H. Feldman Abraham Journeys to Canaan and Egypt Louis H. Feldman The Akedah    Louis H. Feldman Joseph and Potiphar's Wife  Louis H. Feldman The Rape of Dinah   Louis H. Feldman Moses's Campaign against the Ethiopians Louis H. Feldman The Sending of the Spies Louis H. Feldman The Revolt of Korah   Louis H. Feldman The Story of Balaam   Louis H. Feldman The Death of Moses   Louis H. Feldman Mosaic Constitution   David Goldenberg The Altar across the Jordan  Silvia Castelli The Levite and His Wife  Silvia Castelli Deborah    Silvia Castelli Jephthah's Vow  Silvia Castelli Birth of Samson   Silvia Castelli Marriage of Ruth and Boaz  Silvia Castelli Massacre at Nob   Silvia Castelli God Rejects Saul   Silvia Castelli The Witch of Endor   Silvia Castelli The Death of Saul   Silvia Castelli David Kills Goliath   Silvia Castelli David and Bathsheba   Silvia Castelli Death of Absalom   Silvia Castelli Solomon's Wisdom (The Case of the Two Harlots) Pablo Torijano Phoenician Writings on Solomon's Wisdom Pablo Torijano Solomon's Magical Powers Pablo Torijano Solomon's Prayer (at the Temple's Dedication) Pablo Torijano The Return from Exile  Paul Spilsbury Esther     Paul SpilsburyInterpretive Texts Centering on Biblical Figures Life of Adam and Eve   Gary Anderson 1 Enoch    Miriam Brand Apocalypse of Abraham  Alexander Kulik Melchizedek    Joseph L. Angel Aramaic Levi Document  Michael E. Stone and Esther Eshel Visions of Amram   Andrew Gross Song of Miriam   Sidnie White Crawford Apocryphon of Joshua  Miriam Zangi and Hanan Eshel The Vision of Samuel   Andrew Gross Pseudo-Ezekiel   Devorah Dimant The Apocryphon of Ezekiel  Benjamin G. Wright III Letter of Jeremiah   Steven Fraade 1 Baruch    Steven Fraade 2 Baruch    Adam H. Becker 3 Baruch    Yivgeny Zingerman Prayer of Nabonidus   John J. Collins 4 Ezra     Karina Martin HoganTestaments Testament of Abraham   Annette Yoshiko Reed Testaments of the Twelve Patriarchs James L. Kugel Testament of Moses    Kenneth Atkinson Testament of Kohath    Andrew Gross Testament of Job    Harold W. AttridgePrayers and Psalms Psalms of Solomon    Kenneth Atkinson Self-Glorification Hymn   Esther Eshel Daily Prayers     Daniel K. Falk Festival Prayers    Daniel K. Falk Words of the Luminaries   Daniel K. Falk Angelic Liturgy    Michael Swartz Thanksgiving Hymns (Hodayot)  Angela Kim Harkins Apocryphal Psalms    Eileen Schuller Non-Canonical Psalms   Eileen Schuller Greek Synagogal Prayers   Pieter W. van der Horst Prayer of Enoch    James Kugel Prayer of Manasseh    Esther G. Chazon Prayer for King Jonathan   Hanan EshelWisdom Writings Wisdom of Solomon    Peter Enns Wisdom of Ben Sira    Benjamin Wright Pseudo-Phocylides, Sentences Pieter W. van der Horst 4 Maccabees    David A. deSilva Wisdom Literature from the Qumran Library Armin Lange Wiles of the Wicked Woman  Armin Lange Words of the Maskil to All Sons of Dawn  Armin Lange Book of Mysteries  Armin Lange     Beatitudes Armin Lange Instruction-like Composition B Armin Lange Musar LeMevin Armin LangePhilosophical Treatises of Philo On the Virtues    Walter Wilson On the Contemplative Life   David M. Hay and David T. Runia The Hypothetica    Gregory E. SterlingStories Set in Biblical and Early Post-Biblical Times Joseph and Aseneth   Patricia Ahearne-Kroll Judith     Betsy Halpern-Amaru Tobit     George Nickelsburg 4 Baruch    Pablo Torijano 3 Maccabees    Sara Raup JohnsonHistorical Writings Pertaining to Post-Biblical Times The Letter of Aristeas   Erich S. Gruen 1 Maccabees    Lawrence H. Schiffman 2 Maccabees    Daniel R. Schwartz Jewish War: Excursus on Jewish Groups: Albert I. Baumgarten Against Apion    John M. BarclaySectarian Texts: Community, Law, and the End of Days Rule of the Community           Alex Jassen Damascus Document              Joseph L. Angel Temple Scroll                           Lawrence H. Schiffman Some Precepts of the Torah    Lawrence H. Schiffman       War Scroll                           Jean Duhaime New Jerusalem                        Joseph L. Angel   Notes Books of the Bible: The Traditional Hebrew (Masoretic Text) and the Septuagint List of Second Temple Literature Writings of Philo Writings of Josephus Apocrypha Pseudepigrapha Primary Documents of the Dead Sea Scrolls Contributors General Subject Index