Peter Hough is an Associate Professor in International Politics at Middlesex University, London. He is the author of Back to the future: environmental security in nineteenth century global politics (2019).

• Volume 1AcknowledgmentEditorial Note on textGeneral IntroductionPart 1. Discovering Nature: Science and the Environment in 19th Century Britain ChronologyIntroduction to part 11.1 Biodiversity Decline1. Gilbert White The Natural History and Antiquities of Selborne (1789)2. William Roxburgh Letter to Joseph Banks (1795)3. Alexander Beatson Tracts Relative To The Island Of St. Helena: Written During A Residence Of Five Years (1816)4. William Burchell Residence in Cape Town, and Rambles in the Vicinity. (1822)5. Charles Lyell, Principles of Geology (1832)6. Charles Darwin Origin of the Species (1859)7. James Prichard The natural history of man : comprising inquiries into the modifying influence of physical and moral agencies on the different tribes of the human family (1855)8. Alfred Newton Abstract of Mr. J. Wolley’s researches in Iceland respecting the gare-fowl or great auk (1861)9. Arthur Tansley Presidential Address (1914)1.2 Resource Depletion10. Thomas Malthus An Essay on the Principle of Population (1798)11. William Forster-Lloyd Checks to Population (1833)12. William Farr Economic Value of Population (1877)13. William Jevons The Coal Question; An Inquiry concerning the Progress of the Nation, and the Probable Exhaustion of our Coal-mines (1866)14. John Cleghorn On the fluctuations in the herring fisheries (1855)15. Thomas Huxley Inaugural Address. Fisheries Exhibition, London (1883)16. John Croumbie Browne 'On Forest Schools' (1878)17. William Somerville Forestry in Some of its Economic Aspects (1909)1.3 Pollution18. Henry Fuller, On the Use of the Arsenic in Agriculture-Poisoning by Arsenic, and Symptoms of Cholera-The Possible Effect of the Game Laws (1848)19. John Snow On the Mode of Communication of Cholera (1849)20. Robert Smith Air and rain : the beginnings of a chemical climatology (1872)21. Michael Faraday Observations on the Filth of the Thames (1855)22. Cardiff Rural Sanitary Authority Pollution on Glamorganshire’s Rivers (1878)23. John Tyndall On Radiation Through the Earth’s Atmosphere (1863)24. Ernest Hart Smoke Abatement (1884)25. John Graham The Destruction of Daylight. A Study in the Smoke Problem (1907)BibliographyPart 2: Romanticizing Nature: environmental conservation as a nationalistic artistic and political movement in 19th Century Britain.ChronologyIntroduction to Volume 2 2.1 Aesthetes and Conservation26. Samuel Taylor Coleridge, The Raven (1791)27. William Wordsworth, The Excursion (1814)28. Alfred Tennyson In Memoriam A.H.H. (1849)29. John Ruskin, A Protest Against the Extension of Railways in the Lake District (1876)30. George Eliot, Silas Marner (1861)31. William Morris, Under an Elm Tree (1889)32. John Clare Remembrances 183233. Octavia Hill, Our Common Land (1877)34. Anna Sewell, Black Beauty (1878)35. Louise De la Ramée, The Waters of Edera (1900)36. Edward Carpenter, My Days and Dreams (1916)37. John Muir My First Summer in the Sierra (1911)2.2 Conserving nature and the Aristocracy38. Jane Austen, Emma (1815)39. William Cobbett, Rural Rides (1830)40. Benjamin Disraeli, Sybil (1845)41. Thomas Carlyle, Sign of the Times (1858)42. Thomas Hardy The Dorsetshire Labourer (1883)43. Thomas Stafford Raffles, London Zoological Society Prospectus (1825)44. Richard Lydekker, The Game Animals of Africa (dedicated to Herbrand Russell, 11th Duke of Bedford) (1908)45. Charles Rothschild, Nature Reserves: Formation of a New Society (1912)2.3 Conservation and Fear of the Future46. William Deslisle Hay, The Doom of the Great City (1880)47. Alfred Wallace, The Plunder of the Earth (1898)48. Reginald Brabazon, The National Standard of Physical Health (1903)49. Charles Masterton & Phillip Wilson, The Heart of the Empire (1901)50. H. G. Wells A Modern Utopia (1905)BibliographyIndexVolume 2AcknowledgementsEditorial note on the textGeneral IntroductionPart 1: Regulating Nature: The Environment and Policy in 19th Century BritainChronologyPart 1 introduction1.1 Public Health1. Charles Knight, The Staffordshire Collieries 18232. Edwin Chadwick, 1842 Report on Sanitary Conditions 18423. Alexis De Toqueville, Journeys to England and Ireland 18354. Friedrich Engels, Condition of the Working Class in England 18455. Charles Dickens, The Uncommercial Traveller 18616. Fisheries Preservation Association, On the pollution of the rivers of the kingdom 1868Alkali Act 18747. David John Russell Duncan, On Smoke Abatement 18881.2 Animal Cruelty8. John Oswald, The Cry of Nature. Or, an Appeal to Mercy and Justice on Behalf of the Persecuted Animals. 17919. Thomas Erskine, Cruelty to Animals 180910. Richard Martin, Bear Bating 182411. John Stuart Mill, Principles of Political Economy 184812. Joseph Pease, Cruelty to Animals Act 183513. Lewis Gompertz, Fragments in Defence of Animals, and Essays on Morals, Soul, and Future State 185214. John Percival, Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Bill 190215. Frances Cobbe, The Moral Aspects of Vivesection 188416. Richard Wilson, A Plea for the Sea Birds 186917. William Warde, Fowler A Year With the Birds 189118. RSPB ,Bird News 190519. John Lubbock, Importation of Plumage Prohibition Bill 19081.3 The Commons20. Alexander MacKenzie, The History of the Highland Clearances 191421. Samuel Smiles, Mr Rennie’s Drainage of the Lincoln and Cambridge Fens 186122. George Shaw Lefevre, English Commons and Forests. The Story of the Battle During the Last Thirty Years for Public Rights Over the Commons and Forests of England and Wales 189423. James Bryce, ‘Access to Mountains’ 189224. Robert Hunter, ‘Commons’ 1911ReferencesPart 2: Conquering Nature: The Environment in British Imperialism and Foreign Policy in the 19th Century.ChronologyPart 2 introduction2.1 Imperial Sustainability 25. Philip Viberi, A Few hints on Foreign and Home Colonization 184526. Harold MacKinder, On the Scope and Methods of Geography. 188727. Charles Trevelyan, The Irish Crisis 184828. Lord Lytton, The Famine Campaign in Southern India, Madras and Bombay Presidencies and Province of Mysore (1877)29. James Atkinson, An Account of the State of Agriculture and Grazing in New South Wales 182630. William Patrick Andrew, The Scinde Railway and its Relations to the Euphrates Valley and Other Routes to India 185631. Michael Hicks-Beach, Further Despatches from the Secretary of State to the Governor of New Zealand 188032. Lord Curzon, Speech to the Burma Game Preservation Association 190133. William Scoresby, An Account of the Arctic Regions 182034. Oriental Gas Company Act 18572.2 Military Ecocide35. Lord Viscount Wellington, Proclamation to the People of Portugal 181036. John Davy, An Account of the Interior of Ceylon and of its Inhabitants with Travels in that Island 182137. Francis Foster Letter to Parents 185838. Colonel George Whitmore Letter to the Hon. Colonel Haultain. Fort Galatea, New Zealand 1869.39. Francis Stirling Despatches Received by the Admiralty Regarding the Murder in Malay of James Birch 187640. Emily Hobhouse, The Brunt of the War and Where it Fell 190241. William Wallace, Annual Report of the Colonies: Northern Nigeria 19072.3 The Birth of Global Environmental Policy42. George Cornewall Lewis, Memorandum respecting Quarantine Regulations in the Mediterranean 183843. Convention for Regulating the Police of the North Sea Fisheries (Overfishing Convention) 1882 44. Treaty Concerning the Jan Mayen Seal Fishery 188745. Bering Sea Arbitration 189346. Fur Seals Convention 191147. Convention Designed To Ensure The Conservation Of Various Species Of Wild Animals In Africa, Which Are Useful To Man Or Inoffensive 190048. Society for the Preservation of the Wild Fauna of the Empire 1904 49. Hague Convention 1899ReferencesIndex

Peter Hough is an Associate Professor in International Politics at Middlesex University, London. He is the author of Back to the future: environmental security in nineteenth century global politics (2019).

• Volume 1AcknowledgmentEditorial Note on textGeneral IntroductionPart 1. Discovering Nature: Science and the Environment in 19th Century Britain ChronologyIntroduction to part 11.1 Biodiversity Decline1. Gilbert White The Natural History and Antiquities of Selborne (1789)2. William Roxburgh Letter to Joseph Banks (1795)3. Alexander Beatson Tracts Relative To The Island Of St. Helena: Written During A Residence Of Five Years (1816)4. William Burchell Residence in Cape Town, and Rambles in the Vicinity. (1822)5. Charles Lyell, Principles of Geology (1832)6. Charles Darwin Origin of the Species (1859)7. James Prichard The natural history of man : comprising inquiries into the modifying influence of physical and moral agencies on the different tribes of the human family (1855)8. Alfred Newton Abstract of Mr. J. Wolley’s researches in Iceland respecting the gare-fowl or great auk (1861)9. Arthur Tansley Presidential Address (1914)1.2 Resource Depletion10. Thomas Malthus An Essay on the Principle of Population (1798)11. William Forster-Lloyd Checks to Population (1833)12. William Farr Economic Value of Population (1877)13. William Jevons The Coal Question; An Inquiry concerning the Progress of the Nation, and the Probable Exhaustion of our Coal-mines (1866)14. John Cleghorn On the fluctuations in the herring fisheries (1855)15. Thomas Huxley Inaugural Address. Fisheries Exhibition, London (1883)16. John Croumbie Browne 'On Forest Schools' (1878)17. William Somerville Forestry in Some of its Economic Aspects (1909)1.3 Pollution18. Henry Fuller, On the Use of the Arsenic in Agriculture-Poisoning by Arsenic, and Symptoms of Cholera-The Possible Effect of the Game Laws (1848)19. John Snow On the Mode of Communication of Cholera (1849)20. Robert Smith Air and rain : the beginnings of a chemical climatology (1872)21. Michael Faraday Observations on the Filth of the Thames (1855)22. Cardiff Rural Sanitary Authority Pollution on Glamorganshire’s Rivers (1878)23. John Tyndall On Radiation Through the Earth’s Atmosphere (1863)24. Ernest Hart Smoke Abatement (1884)25. John Graham The Destruction of Daylight. A Study in the Smoke Problem (1907)BibliographyPart 2: Romanticizing Nature: environmental conservation as a nationalistic artistic and political movement in 19th Century Britain.ChronologyIntroduction to Volume 2 2.1 Aesthetes and Conservation26. Samuel Taylor Coleridge, The Raven (1791)27. William Wordsworth, The Excursion (1814)28. Alfred Tennyson In Memoriam A.H.H. (1849)29. John Ruskin, A Protest Against the Extension of Railways in the Lake District (1876)30. George Eliot, Silas Marner (1861)31. William Morris, Under an Elm Tree (1889)32. John Clare Remembrances 183233. Octavia Hill, Our Common Land (1877)34. Anna Sewell, Black Beauty (1878)35. Louise De la Ramée, The Waters of Edera (1900)36. Edward Carpenter, My Days and Dreams (1916)37. John Muir My First Summer in the Sierra (1911)2.2 Conserving nature and the Aristocracy38. Jane Austen, Emma (1815)39. William Cobbett, Rural Rides (1830)40. Benjamin Disraeli, Sybil (1845)41. Thomas Carlyle, Sign of the Times (1858)42. Thomas Hardy The Dorsetshire Labourer (1883)43. Thomas Stafford Raffles, London Zoological Society Prospectus (1825)44. Richard Lydekker, The Game Animals of Africa (dedicated to Herbrand Russell, 11th Duke of Bedford) (1908)45. Charles Rothschild, Nature Reserves: Formation of a New Society (1912)2.3 Conservation and Fear of the Future46. William Deslisle Hay, The Doom of the Great City (1880)47. Alfred Wallace, The Plunder of the Earth (1898)48. Reginald Brabazon, The National Standard of Physical Health (1903)49. Charles Masterton & Phillip Wilson, The Heart of the Empire (1901)50. H. G. Wells A Modern Utopia (1905)BibliographyIndexVolume 2AcknowledgementsEditorial note on the textGeneral IntroductionPart 1: Regulating Nature: The Environment and Policy in 19th Century BritainChronologyPart 1 introduction1.1 Public Health1. Charles Knight, The Staffordshire Collieries 18232. Edwin Chadwick, 1842 Report on Sanitary Conditions 18423. Alexis De Toqueville, Journeys to England and Ireland 18354. Friedrich Engels, Condition of the Working Class in England 18455. Charles Dickens, The Uncommercial Traveller 18616. Fisheries Preservation Association, On the pollution of the rivers of the kingdom 1868Alkali Act 18747. David John Russell Duncan, On Smoke Abatement 18881.2 Animal Cruelty8. John Oswald, The Cry of Nature. Or, an Appeal to Mercy and Justice on Behalf of the Persecuted Animals. 17919. Thomas Erskine, Cruelty to Animals 180910. Richard Martin, Bear Bating 182411. John Stuart Mill, Principles of Political Economy 184812. Joseph Pease, Cruelty to Animals Act 183513. Lewis Gompertz, Fragments in Defence of Animals, and Essays on Morals, Soul, and Future State 185214. John Percival, Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Bill 190215. Frances Cobbe, The Moral Aspects of Vivesection 188416. Richard Wilson, A Plea for the Sea Birds 186917. William Warde, Fowler A Year With the Birds 189118. RSPB ,Bird News 190519. John Lubbock, Importation of Plumage Prohibition Bill 19081.3 The Commons20. Alexander MacKenzie, The History of the Highland Clearances 191421. Samuel Smiles, Mr Rennie’s Drainage of the Lincoln and Cambridge Fens 186122. George Shaw Lefevre, English Commons and Forests. The Story of the Battle During the Last Thirty Years for Public Rights Over the Commons and Forests of England and Wales 189423. James Bryce, ‘Access to Mountains’ 189224. Robert Hunter, ‘Commons’ 1911ReferencesPart 2: Conquering Nature: The Environment in British Imperialism and Foreign Policy in the 19th Century.ChronologyPart 2 introduction2.1 Imperial Sustainability 25. Philip Viberi, A Few hints on Foreign and Home Colonization 184526. Harold MacKinder, On the Scope and Methods of Geography. 188727. Charles Trevelyan, The Irish Crisis 184828. Lord Lytton, The Famine Campaign in Southern India, Madras and Bombay Presidencies and Province of Mysore (1877)29. James Atkinson, An Account of the State of Agriculture and Grazing in New South Wales 182630. William Patrick Andrew, The Scinde Railway and its Relations to the Euphrates Valley and Other Routes to India 185631. Michael Hicks-Beach, Further Despatches from the Secretary of State to the Governor of New Zealand 188032. Lord Curzon, Speech to the Burma Game Preservation Association 190133. William Scoresby, An Account of the Arctic Regions 182034. Oriental Gas Company Act 18572.2 Military Ecocide35. Lord Viscount Wellington, Proclamation to the People of Portugal 181036. John Davy, An Account of the Interior of Ceylon and of its Inhabitants with Travels in that Island 182137. Francis Foster Letter to Parents 185838. Colonel George Whitmore Letter to the Hon. Colonel Haultain. Fort Galatea, New Zealand 1869.39. Francis Stirling Despatches Received by the Admiralty Regarding the Murder in Malay of James Birch 187640. Emily Hobhouse, The Brunt of the War and Where it Fell 190241. William Wallace, Annual Report of the Colonies: Northern Nigeria 19072.3 The Birth of Global Environmental Policy42. George Cornewall Lewis, Memorandum respecting Quarantine Regulations in the Mediterranean 183843. Convention for Regulating the Police of the North Sea Fisheries (Overfishing Convention) 1882 44. Treaty Concerning the Jan Mayen Seal Fishery 188745. Bering Sea Arbitration 189346. Fur Seals Convention 191147. Convention Designed To Ensure The Conservation Of Various Species Of Wild Animals In Africa, Which Are Useful To Man Or Inoffensive 190048. Society for the Preservation of the Wild Fauna of the Empire 1904 49. Hague Convention 1899ReferencesIndex

Peter Hough is an Associate Professor in International Politics at Middlesex University, London. He is the author of Back to the future: environmental security in nineteenth century global politics (2019).

• Volume 1AcknowledgmentEditorial Note on textGeneral IntroductionPart 1. Discovering Nature: Science and the Environment in 19th Century Britain ChronologyIntroduction to part 11.1 Biodiversity Decline1. Gilbert White The Natural History and Antiquities of Selborne (1789)2. William Roxburgh Letter to Joseph Banks (1795)3. Alexander Beatson Tracts Relative To The Island Of St. Helena: Written During A Residence Of Five Years (1816)4. William Burchell Residence in Cape Town, and Rambles in the Vicinity. (1822)5. Charles Lyell, Principles of Geology (1832)6. Charles Darwin Origin of the Species (1859)7. James Prichard The natural history of man : comprising inquiries into the modifying influence of physical and moral agencies on the different tribes of the human family (1855)8. Alfred Newton Abstract of Mr. J. Wolley’s researches in Iceland respecting the gare-fowl or great auk (1861)9. Arthur Tansley Presidential Address (1914)1.2 Resource Depletion10. Thomas Malthus An Essay on the Principle of Population (1798)11. William Forster-Lloyd Checks to Population (1833)12. William Farr Economic Value of Population (1877)13. William Jevons The Coal Question; An Inquiry concerning the Progress of the Nation, and the Probable Exhaustion of our Coal-mines (1866)14. John Cleghorn On the fluctuations in the herring fisheries (1855)15. Thomas Huxley Inaugural Address. Fisheries Exhibition, London (1883)16. John Croumbie Browne 'On Forest Schools' (1878)17. William Somerville Forestry in Some of its Economic Aspects (1909)1.3 Pollution18. Henry Fuller, On the Use of the Arsenic in Agriculture-Poisoning by Arsenic, and Symptoms of Cholera-The Possible Effect of the Game Laws (1848)19. John Snow On the Mode of Communication of Cholera (1849)20. Robert Smith Air and rain : the beginnings of a chemical climatology (1872)21. Michael Faraday Observations on the Filth of the Thames (1855)22. Cardiff Rural Sanitary Authority Pollution on Glamorganshire’s Rivers (1878)23. John Tyndall On Radiation Through the Earth’s Atmosphere (1863)24. Ernest Hart Smoke Abatement (1884)25. John Graham The Destruction of Daylight. A Study in the Smoke Problem (1907)BibliographyPart 2: Romanticizing Nature: environmental conservation as a nationalistic artistic and political movement in 19th Century Britain.ChronologyIntroduction to Volume 2 2.1 Aesthetes and Conservation26. Samuel Taylor Coleridge, The Raven (1791)27. William Wordsworth, The Excursion (1814)28. Alfred Tennyson In Memoriam A.H.H. (1849)29. John Ruskin, A Protest Against the Extension of Railways in the Lake District (1876)30. George Eliot, Silas Marner (1861)31. William Morris, Under an Elm Tree (1889)32. John Clare Remembrances 183233. Octavia Hill, Our Common Land (1877)34. Anna Sewell, Black Beauty (1878)35. Louise De la Ramée, The Waters of Edera (1900)36. Edward Carpenter, My Days and Dreams (1916)37. John Muir My First Summer in the Sierra (1911)2.2 Conserving nature and the Aristocracy38. Jane Austen, Emma (1815)39. William Cobbett, Rural Rides (1830)40. Benjamin Disraeli, Sybil (1845)41. Thomas Carlyle, Sign of the Times (1858)42. Thomas Hardy The Dorsetshire Labourer (1883)43. Thomas Stafford Raffles, London Zoological Society Prospectus (1825)44. Richard Lydekker, The Game Animals of Africa (dedicated to Herbrand Russell, 11th Duke of Bedford) (1908)45. Charles Rothschild, Nature Reserves: Formation of a New Society (1912)2.3 Conservation and Fear of the Future46. William Deslisle Hay, The Doom of the Great City (1880)47. Alfred Wallace, The Plunder of the Earth (1898)48. Reginald Brabazon, The National Standard of Physical Health (1903)49. Charles Masterton & Phillip Wilson, The Heart of the Empire (1901)50. H. G. Wells A Modern Utopia (1905)BibliographyIndexVolume 2AcknowledgementsEditorial note on the textGeneral IntroductionPart 1: Regulating Nature: The Environment and Policy in 19th Century BritainChronologyPart 1 introduction1.1 Public Health1. Charles Knight, The Staffordshire Collieries 18232. Edwin Chadwick, 1842 Report on Sanitary Conditions 18423. Alexis De Toqueville, Journeys to England and Ireland 18354. Friedrich Engels, Condition of the Working Class in England 18455. Charles Dickens, The Uncommercial Traveller 18616. Fisheries Preservation Association, On the pollution of the rivers of the kingdom 1868Alkali Act 18747. David John Russell Duncan, On Smoke Abatement 18881.2 Animal Cruelty8. John Oswald, The Cry of Nature. Or, an Appeal to Mercy and Justice on Behalf of the Persecuted Animals. 17919. Thomas Erskine, Cruelty to Animals 180910. Richard Martin, Bear Bating 182411. John Stuart Mill, Principles of Political Economy 184812. Joseph Pease, Cruelty to Animals Act 183513. Lewis Gompertz, Fragments in Defence of Animals, and Essays on Morals, Soul, and Future State 185214. John Percival, Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Bill 190215. Frances Cobbe, The Moral Aspects of Vivesection 188416. Richard Wilson, A Plea for the Sea Birds 186917. William Warde, Fowler A Year With the Birds 189118. RSPB ,Bird News 190519. John Lubbock, Importation of Plumage Prohibition Bill 19081.3 The Commons20. Alexander MacKenzie, The History of the Highland Clearances 191421. Samuel Smiles, Mr Rennie’s Drainage of the Lincoln and Cambridge Fens 186122. George Shaw Lefevre, English Commons and Forests. The Story of the Battle During the Last Thirty Years for Public Rights Over the Commons and Forests of England and Wales 189423. James Bryce, ‘Access to Mountains’ 189224. Robert Hunter, ‘Commons’ 1911ReferencesPart 2: Conquering Nature: The Environment in British Imperialism and Foreign Policy in the 19th Century.ChronologyPart 2 introduction2.1 Imperial Sustainability 25. Philip Viberi, A Few hints on Foreign and Home Colonization 184526. Harold MacKinder, On the Scope and Methods of Geography. 188727. Charles Trevelyan, The Irish Crisis 184828. Lord Lytton, The Famine Campaign in Southern India, Madras and Bombay Presidencies and Province of Mysore (1877)29. James Atkinson, An Account of the State of Agriculture and Grazing in New South Wales 182630. William Patrick Andrew, The Scinde Railway and its Relations to the Euphrates Valley and Other Routes to India 185631. Michael Hicks-Beach, Further Despatches from the Secretary of State to the Governor of New Zealand 188032. Lord Curzon, Speech to the Burma Game Preservation Association 190133. William Scoresby, An Account of the Arctic Regions 182034. Oriental Gas Company Act 18572.2 Military Ecocide35. Lord Viscount Wellington, Proclamation to the People of Portugal 181036. John Davy, An Account of the Interior of Ceylon and of its Inhabitants with Travels in that Island 182137. Francis Foster Letter to Parents 185838. Colonel George Whitmore Letter to the Hon. Colonel Haultain. Fort Galatea, New Zealand 1869.39. Francis Stirling Despatches Received by the Admiralty Regarding the Murder in Malay of James Birch 187640. Emily Hobhouse, The Brunt of the War and Where it Fell 190241. William Wallace, Annual Report of the Colonies: Northern Nigeria 19072.3 The Birth of Global Environmental Policy42. George Cornewall Lewis, Memorandum respecting Quarantine Regulations in the Mediterranean 183843. Convention for Regulating the Police of the North Sea Fisheries (Overfishing Convention) 1882 44. Treaty Concerning the Jan Mayen Seal Fishery 188745. Bering Sea Arbitration 189346. Fur Seals Convention 191147. Convention Designed To Ensure The Conservation Of Various Species Of Wild Animals In Africa, Which Are Useful To Man Or Inoffensive 190048. Society for the Preservation of the Wild Fauna of the Empire 1904 49. Hague Convention 1899ReferencesIndex