Studies in Contemporary History – serie
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32 produkter
32 produkter
E-bok
Engelska, 2017542 kr
Läs direkt efter köp
This major work of synthesis presents an up-to-date assessment of the issues at the very root of the troubles in Northern Ireland. Framed against the background of Ulster history since the early 17th century, the major factors in the development of the Ulster question since 1945 are examined. These include:- The evolution of Ulster Unionism and the Nationalist and Republican traditions- The role of Britain- The increasingly important part played by external actors, especially the USA.Since the outbreak of the present troubles in August 1969, a thriving academic literature on Ulster and its history has emerged. Based on the most authoritative texts, this thoroughly revised and updated edition includes new materials on the period as a whole, and an assessment of the developments since the signing of the Good Friday Agreement in 1998.
Inbunden, Engelska, 2000
1 998 kr
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Taking an historical approach, Dr. Ryan explores both how the UN has affected world politics and how the international political system has formed and limited the work of the Organization.The book looks at why the UN was created, how it was affected by the Cold War and how successive Secretaries-General struggled to find a role for themselves. We see how negative and even hostile views of the UN were changed by the end of the Cold War and by the UN-sponsored action in the Gulf, why the UN over-reached itself in Bosnia and Somalia and how it failed to stop the genocide in Rwanda. While the main focus of this book is the role of the UN in promoting international peace and security, it also examines the work of the UN in other areas, including human rights and environmental protection.
Häftad, Engelska, 2000
576 kr
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Taking an historical approach, Dr. Ryan explores both how the UN has affected world politics and how the international political system has formed and limited the work of the Organization.The book looks at why the UN was created, how it was affected by the Cold War and how successive Secretaries-General struggled to find a role for themselves. We see how negative and even hostile views of the UN were changed by the end of the Cold War and by the UN-sponsored action in the Gulf, why the UN over-reached itself in Bosnia and Somalia and how it failed to stop the genocide in Rwanda. While the main focus of this book is the role of the UN in promoting international peace and security, it also examines the work of the UN in other areas, including human rights and environmental protection.
Häftad, Engelska, 2001
505 kr
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One of the most significant changes of the post-1945 world has been the decline and final dismemberment of European colonial empires in Africa, Asia, the Middle East, the Pacific and the Caribbean. In 1939, roughly a third of the world's entire population lived under colonial rule. At the end of the century, less than one per cent do so. In this study, each major European overseas colony, rather than being subject to chronological or thematic subdivision, receives separate, extensive and consecutive treatment.
Häftad, Engelska, 2002
519 kr
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American foreign policy is fundamental to any understanding of how the post-war world has been shaped. This insightful and wide-ranging book analyses the policies pursued by each presidency from that of Harry Truman to George W. Bush, and reviews the far-reaching consequences of these actions. Taking into account the most recent research and scholarly interpretations, T.G. Fraser and Donette Murray examine the priorities of each successive administration and how these have had to adapt under the pressure of events on a global scale.America and the World since 1945- Focuses on the origins and course of the Cold War- Explains major crises and developments, such as the Truman Doctrine, the nature of containment, the Cuban Missile Crisis, Berlin, arms control and detente- Features analysis of how America became involved in armed conflict, as in Korea, the Gulf, the Balkans and Vietnam- Looks at American action in relation to the Arab-Israeli conflict, as well as interventions in Latin America and Africa- Traces the evolution of policy towards China- Studies conventional diplomacy alongside the use of intelligence and covert activity- Examines the dynamics of the post-Cold War worldClear in its approach, this book is essential reading for anyone with an interest in America's relationship with the rest of the world from the end of the Second World War up to the aftermath of the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon in September 2001.
Häftad, Engelska, 2002
505 kr
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The Rise and Fall of the Soviet Empire describes and explains the creation, maintenance and eventual demise of the Soviet regime across post-1945 Eastern Europe. Balancing internal factors such as resilient nationalism against external factors such as America's acceleration of the arms race, Raymond Pearson sets the so-called 'Soviet Empire' within the broader context of global imperialism and decolonisation. Full coverage is also given to the dramatic episodes of Eastern Europe dissent and the chequered career of the ostensibly monolithic 'Soviet Empire'.This revised and updated second edition features an expanded final chapter on the 'Last Empire', assessing not only its patent strengths and hidden weaknesses, but also its much publicised vices and rarely acknowledged virtues. New documentation that has only become available in the last five years has been incorporated to provide a fuller retrospective historical judgement on the Soviet regime across Eastern Europe.
Häftad, Engelska, 2003
504 kr
Skickas inom 10-15 vardagar
This major work of synthesis presents an up-to-date assessment of the issues at the very root of the troubles in Northern Ireland. Framed against the background of Ulster history since the early 17th century, the major factors in the development of the Ulster question since 1945 are examined. These include:- The evolution of Ulster Unionism and the Nationalist and Republican traditions- The role of Britain- The increasingly important part played by external actors, especially the USA.Since the outbreak of the present troubles in August 1969, a thriving academic literature on Ulster and its history has emerged. Based on the most authoritative texts, this thoroughly revised and updated edition includes new materials on the period as a whole, and an assessment of the developments since the signing of the Good Friday Agreement in 1998.
E-bok
PDF, Engelska, 2009511 kr
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Spain since 1939 provides students with a comprehensive guide to one of the most exciting historical narratives of the 20th century: Spain''s development from poverty and isolation after the Civil War to its current role as a key player on the European and world stages. Incorporating the most relevant existing research, Stanley Black covers the modern political, cultural and social events that have shaped Spain''s evolution through to the present day. This essential introduction charts momentous periods such as:- The violence and repression of the post-war years- The durability of the dictatorship of general Franco- One of the most successful transitions to democracy- The post-transition boom and integration into the European Union.As this fresh new study shows, Spain''s history continues to fascinate as it transforms itself into one of the most dynamic and progressive societies in Europe while battling with economic vulnerability, the phenomenon of mass immigration, and the painful buried legacy of its Civil War past.
E-bok
Engelska, 2017542 kr
Läs direkt efter köp
This major work of synthesis presents an up-to-date assessment of the issues at the very root of the troubles in Northern Ireland. Framed against the background of Ulster history since the early 17th century, the major factors in the development of the Ulster question since 1945 are examined. These include:- The evolution of Ulster Unionism and the Nationalist and Republican traditions- The role of Britain- The increasingly important part played by external actors, especially the USA.Since the outbreak of the present troubles in August 1969, a thriving academic literature on Ulster and its history has emerged. Based on the most authoritative texts, this thoroughly revised and updated edition includes new materials on the period as a whole, and an assessment of the developments since the signing of the Good Friday Agreement in 1998.
E-bok
Engelska, 2002526 kr
Läs direkt efter köp
The Rise and Fall of the Soviet Empire describes and explains the creation, maintenance and eventual demise of the Soviet regime across post-1945 Eastern Europe. Balancing internal factors such as resilient nationalism against external factors such as America's acceleration of the arms race, Raymond Pearson sets the so-called 'Soviet Empire' within the broader context of global imperialism and decolonisation. Full coverage is also given to the dramatic episodes of Eastern Europe dissent and the chequered career of the ostensibly monolithic 'Soviet Empire'.This revised and updated second edition features an expanded final chapter on the 'Last Empire', assessing not only its patent strengths and hidden weaknesses, but also its much publicised vices and rarely acknowledged virtues. New documentation that has only become available in the last five years has been incorporated to provide a fuller retrospective historical judgement on the Soviet regime across Eastern Europe.
E-bok
PDF, Engelska, 2017542 kr
Läs direkt efter köp
American foreign policy is fundamental to any understanding of how the post-war world has been shaped. This insightful and wide-ranging book analyses the policies pursued by each presidency from that of Harry Truman to George W. Bush, and reviews the far-reaching consequences of these actions. Taking into account the most recent research and scholarly interpretations, T.G. Fraser and Donette Murray examine the priorities of each successive administration and how these have had to adapt under the pressure of events on a global scale.America and the World since 1945- Focuses on the origins and course of the Cold War- Explains major crises and developments, such as the Truman Doctrine, the nature of containment, the Cuban Missile Crisis, Berlin, arms control and detente- Features analysis of how America became involved in armed conflict, as in Korea, the Gulf, the Balkans and Vietnam- Looks at American action in relation to the Arab-Israeli conflict, as well as interventions in Latin America and Africa- Traces the evolution of policy towards China- Studies conventional diplomacy alongside the use of intelligence and covert activity- Examines the dynamics of the post-Cold War worldClear in its approach, this book is essential reading for anyone with an interest in America''s relationship with the rest of the world from the end of the Second World War up to the aftermath of the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon in September 2001.
Inbunden, Engelska, 2003
1 802 kr
Skickas inom 10-15 vardagar
This major work of synthesis presents an up-to-date assessment of the issues at the very root of the troubles in Northern Ireland. Framed against the background of Ulster history since the early 17th century, the major factors in the development of the Ulster question since 1945 are examined. These include:- The evolution of Ulster Unionism and the Nationalist and Republican traditions- The role of Britain- The increasingly important part played by external actors, especially the USA.Since the outbreak of the present troubles in August 1969, a thriving academic literature on Ulster and its history has emerged. Based on the most authoritative texts, this thoroughly revised and updated edition includes new materials on the period as a whole, and an assessment of the developments since the signing of the Good Friday Agreement in 1998.
Inbunden, Engelska, 2009
1 572 kr
Skickas inom 10-15 vardagar
Spain since 1939 provides students with a comprehensive guide to one of the most exciting historical narratives of the 20th century: Spain's development from poverty and isolation after the Civil War to its current role as a key player on the European and world stages. Incorporating the most relevant existing research, Stanley Black covers the modern political, cultural and social events that have shaped Spain's evolution through to the present day. This essential introduction charts momentous periods such as:- The violence and repression of the post-war years- The durability of the dictatorship of general Franco- One of the most successful transitions to democracy- The post-transition boom and integration into the European Union.As this fresh new study shows, Spain's history continues to fascinate as it transforms itself into one of the most dynamic and progressive societies in Europe while battling with economic vulnerability, the phenomenon of mass immigration, and the painful buried legacy of its Civil War past.
Häftad, Engelska, 2009
491 kr
Skickas inom 10-15 vardagar
Spain since 1939 provides students with a comprehensive guide to one of the most exciting historical narratives of the 20th century: Spain's development from poverty and isolation after the Civil War to its current role as a key player on the European and world stages. Incorporating the most relevant existing research, Stanley Black covers the modern political, cultural and social events that have shaped Spain's evolution through to the present day. This essential introduction charts momentous periods such as:- The violence and repression of the post-war years- The durability of the dictatorship of general Franco- One of the most successful transitions to democracy- The post-transition boom and integration into the European Union.As this fresh new study shows, Spain's history continues to fascinate as it transforms itself into one of the most dynamic and progressive societies in Europe while battling with economic vulnerability, the phenomenon of mass immigration, and the painful buried legacy of its Civil War past.
Inbunden, Engelska, 2005
1 856 kr
Skickas inom 10-15 vardagar
Between 1885 and 1921 the question of Irish Home Rule became increasingly focused on the province of Ulster, and especially on Ulster Unionist responses to a Dublin parliament. This book explores the making of a specifically Ulster dimension to this crisis and its impact on Ulster politics. D. George Boyce and Alan O'Day also trace its outcome in the partition of Ireland and the establishment of a Home Rule parliament in Northern Ireland - an outcome which still has resonances today.
Häftad, Engelska, 2005
519 kr
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Between 1885 and 1921 the question of Irish Home Rule became increasingly focused on the province of Ulster, and especially on Ulster Unionist responses to a Dublin parliament. This book explores the making of a specifically Ulster dimension to this crisis and its impact on Ulster politics. D. George Boyce and Alan O'Day also trace its outcome in the partition of Ireland and the establishment of a Home Rule parliament in Northern Ireland - an outcome which still has resonances today.
E-bok
PDF, Engelska, 20191 429 kr
Läs direkt efter köp
Since its crushing military defeat in 1945, Germany has faced occupation and division, economic success amidst Cold War bitterness, the rise and spectacular fall of the Berlin Wall and now more than a decade as a country united for only the second time in its history. It has become a slumbering economic superpower at the heart of the drive towards European unity, while divisions between east and west remain among its own people.Germany since 1945:- Offers a comprehensive introduction to every stage in Germany''s political, social and economic development from 1945 right up to the present day- Examines, in-depth, both German states, their differences and their similarities, as well as the period of occupation 1945-49 and the year of unification 1989-90- Concludes with the first short survey in English of more than a decade of post-unification Germany, covering the period right up to the Iraq crisis in spring 2003
Del 4 - Studies in Contemporary History
Veterans, Victims, and Memory
The Politics of the Second World War in Communist Poland
Inbunden, Engelska, 2015
709 kr
Skickas inom 5-8 vardagar
In the vast literature on how the Second World War has been remembered in Europe, research into what happened in communist Poland, a country most affected by the war, is surprisingly scarce. The long gestation of Polish narratives of heroism and sacrifice, explored in this book, might help to understand why the country still finds itself in a «mnemonic standoff» with Western Europe, which tends to favour imagining the war in a civil, post-Holocaust, human rights-oriented way. The specific focus of this book is the organized movement of war veterans and former prisoners of Nazi camps from the 1940s until the end of the 1960s, when the core narratives of war became well established.
Del 5 - Studies in Contemporary History
Through the Back Door
The Black Market in Poland 1944–1989
Inbunden, Engelska, 2017
1 100 kr
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This book analyzes the history of the black market in Poland before the 1940s and the development of black-market phenomena in post-war Poland. The author evaluates the interrelation between black-market phenomena and historical and geographical conditions. At first, the black market stabilized the system by making it more flexible and creating a margin of freedom, albeit in the short term. In the long run, the informal economic activities of the people ran counter to and undermined the official ideology of the state. The author concludes that in post-war Poland, owing to a singular coincidence of historical, political, economic and social factors, the second economy had its own unique character and an endemic presence that loomed large in the Soviet Bloc.
Del 8 - Studies in Contemporary History
Reading Monuments
A Comparative Study of Monuments in Poznań and Strasbourg from the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries
Inbunden, Engelska, 2020
767 kr
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This book tells the story of monuments in two cities that share a parallel and turbulent history: Strasbourg and Poznan. With the Franco-Prussian War begins the well-known story of the destruction and erection of memorials. This book not only explains the mechanisms related to how memorials have functioned in the past, but also contributes to our understanding of current modes of their perception. It analyzes their material shape, the problem of affect, and their meaning, not only in relation to the political context and the work of memory. This book shows how the form of monuments reflects the social understanding of such basic questions as the perception of nature, gender issues and the image of those who are in power, and how, and in which aspects, those kind of objects actually change the city space we live in.
Del 7 - Studies in Contemporary History
Oral History and the War
The Nazi Concentration Camp Experience in a Biographical-Narrative Perspective
Inbunden, Engelska, 2019
780 kr
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This book is rooted in the author’s experience as an interviewer and researcher in the Mauthausen Survivors Documentation Project – the biggest European oral history project devoted to a single Nazi concentration camp system, realized in the years 2002/2003 at the University of Vienna. Over 850 Mauthausen survivors have been recorded worldwide, more than 160 of them in Poland, and over 30 by the author.The work offers an in-depth analysis of Polish survivors’ accounts, sensitive to both, form and content of these stories, as well as their social and cultural framing. The analysis is accompanied by an interpretation of (Polish) camp experiences in a broader biographical and historical perspective. The book is an interpretive journey from camp experiences, through the survivors’ memories, to narratives recalling them − and backwards.
Del 9 - Studies in Contemporary History
Welfare Policies in Switzerland and Italy
Institutions, Motherhood, Family and Work in the 19th and 20th Centuries
Inbunden, Engelska, 2021
597 kr
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This book provides two main contributions to the existing literature on the history of welfare institutions and social rights in the 20th century. First, it is, to the best of our knowledge, the first research to analyze the cross-country comparison of welfare policies between the two countries from a historical prospective. The comparison is particularly interesting as we focus on two nations with very different institutional settings. On one side Switzerland, a federal state. On the other Italy, a centralized state until only very recently. The second important contribution of this book is the specific set of policies analyzed: policies aimed at protecting motherhood, childhood and women workers’ rights during the 20th century, a period in which European society changed drastically.
Del 10 - Studies in Contemporary History
Remnants of Wehrmacht Soldiers
Burial and Commemoration Practices of German Soldiers of the Second World War in Russia and Europe, 1941 – 2023
Inbunden, Engelska, 2024
648 kr
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Today, fallen soldiers of the Second World War find their resting places across the globe. While many nations openly honor their military, Germany maintains a more reserved approach to its war dead. During the war, fallen soldiers were hailed as heroes, but after 1945, the treatment of the deceased and their graves underwent a profound transformation. Janz, focusing on the Eastern Front during wartime and then the post-war Soviet Union and Russian Federation, explores this transformation through three key moments: 1. the treatment of the bodies, burial practices, and exhumations; 2. the burial sites, including cemetery construction and design; and 3. the realm of commemoration, encompassing memorial ceremonies and rituals. These rituals evolved from the hero worship of Hitler’s Wehrmacht to the mourning and reconciliation policies of the post-war West German government with Russia. This study offers an examination of the German military dead amidst controversies surrounding Wehrmacht soldiers and their challenging commemoration in the present day.
Del 11 - Studies in Contemporary History
Political Myths in History Textbooks
War Images of the Falange in Spain (1939–1951) and the Polish Workers’ Party in Poland (1945–1956)
Inbunden, Engelska, 2024
648 kr
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This book compares the school image of the wartime past of the Falange and the Polish Workers’ Party (PPR), created during the turbulent first decade of Francoism in Spain and Communism in Poland. Demonstrating the political usefulness of the Party was crucial to the consolidation of both regimes. The legitimisation of the new regime called for emphasising the Party’s war effort, not only in defeating the enemy but also in its struggle for social issues. Forschool-taught history, the early years of both dictatorships marked a period of breaking with prewar educational concepts and introducing and testing new ‘revolutionary’ pedagogical solutions. This book not only explains theaspirations of political rulers to rebuild the students’ memory, but also contributes to our understanding of the textbook authors’ perception of the recent past. It analyses the meanings of terms specific to mythical stories, such as nation, power, heroes and their deeds, and wartime struggle.
Inbunden, Engelska, 1979
1 124 kr
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In the spring of the year 1898 the long rivalry of Britain and France in West Africa reached a dangerous climax. The West African crisis was but one aspect of an extensive Anglo-French contest for colonial possessions which characterized the final decade of the nineteenth century. Competi tion for dominion went on relentlessly in the Nile Valley, along the banks of the Mekong in Southeast Asia, and within the territories of the Niger River Bend. The Upper Nile dispute dwarfed all others; and ultimately the inability of Britain and France to settle this question through diplo matic negotations was to lead to the confrontation at Fashoda. Simulta neously, however, a more obscure struggle was in process, namely the contest for possession of the thousand mile stretch of the Middle Niger. Aside from an infrequent flurry of diplomatic activity occasioned by the foray of an English or French officer into the little known realms of the Niger Bend, the protracted struggle for control of the river artery received scant notice. The Foreign Offices in both France and Britain traditionally regarded the region as one of secondary interest and tended to subordinate it to more pressing concerns. Even the eruption of a dan gerous crisis in West Africa in the spring of 1898 was somewhat over shadowed by the subsequent incident at Fashoda so that the earlier cli max appeared mainly a curtain raiser.
Häftad, Engelska, 1979
1 682 kr
Skickas inom 10-15 vardagar
When the First World War ended, the political and economic system of prewar Europe lay in ruins. Though Allied politicians tried at various post war conferences to create a new and stable European order they failed because of conflicting and competing national interests. The peace settle ments neither established security from renewed attacks by the defeated nations nor did they lay the groundwork for a reconstruction of Europe's devastated economic system, because the members of the Allied war coali tion could not agree on the goals to be pursued by the treaties or on the means to enforce their settlement. In this context, reparations played a most signi ficant role. The conflict between the European protagonists France, Great Britain and Germany reached its peak at the beginning of 1923 when Franco Belgian troops occupied the Ruhr district in a last attempt to implement strategies developed in 1919 for a control ofthe German economic potential until reparations had been paid and to show to the Anglo-Saxon powers that any modification of Allied policy toward Germany could not be attained against French objections or without a simultaneous adjustment of French war debts. By focusing on the reparation issue during the period of the Cuno Cabinet, this book attempts to contribute both to the literature on Cuno and to the interrelationship of political and economic problems after W orId War I.
Del 4 - Studies in Contemporary History
Ukrainian Nationalism in the Post-Stalin Era
Myth, Symbols and Ideology in Soviet Nationalities Policy
Inbunden, Engelska, 1980
1 124 kr
Skickas inom 10-15 vardagar
It is a truism that, with only a few notable exceptions, western scholars only belatedly turned their attention to the phenomenon of minority nationalism in the USSR. In the last two decades, however, the topic has increasingly occupied the attention of specialists on the Soviet Union, not only because its depths and implications have not yet been adequately plumbed, but also because it is clearly a potentially explosive problem for the Soviet system itself. The problem that minority nationalism poses is perceived rather differently at the "top" of Soviet society than at the "bottom. " The elite views - or at least rationalize- the problem through the lens of Marxism-Leninism, which explains nationalist sentiment as a part of the "super structure," a temporary phenomenon that will disappear in the course of building communism. That it has not done so is a primary source of concern for the Soviet leadership, who do not seem to understand it and do not wish to accept its reality. This is based on a fallacious conceptuali zation of ethnic nationalism as determined wholly by external, or objective, factors and therefore subject to corrective measures. In terms of origins, it is believed to be the result of past oppression and discrimination; it is thus seen as a negative attitudinal set the essence of which lies in tangible, rather than psychological, factors. Below the level of the leadership, however, ethnic nationalism reflects entrenched identifications and meanings which lend continuity and authenticity to human existence.
Del 4 - Studies in Contemporary History
Ukrainian Nationalism in the Post-Stalin Era
Myth, Symbols and Ideology in Soviet Nationalities Policy
Häftad, Engelska, 2011
1 124 kr
Skickas inom 10-15 vardagar
It is a truism that, with only a few notable exceptions, western scholars only belatedly turned their attention to the phenomenon of minority nationalism in the USSR. In the last two decades, however, the topic has increasingly occupied the attention of specialists on the Soviet Union, not only because its depths and implications have not yet been adequately plumbed, but also because it is clearly a potentially explosive problem for the Soviet system itself. The problem that minority nationalism poses is perceived rather differently at the "top" of Soviet society than at the "bottom. " The elite views - or at least rationalize- the problem through the lens of Marxism-Leninism, which explains nationalist sentiment as a part of the "super structure," a temporary phenomenon that will disappear in the course of building communism. That it has not done so is a primary source of concern for the Soviet leadership, who do not seem to understand it and do not wish to accept its reality. This is based on a fallacious conceptuali zation of ethnic nationalism as determined wholly by external, or objective, factors and therefore subject to corrective measures. In terms of origins, it is believed to be the result of past oppression and discrimination; it is thus seen as a negative attitudinal set the essence of which lies in tangible, rather than psychological, factors. Below the level of the leadership, however, ethnic nationalism reflects entrenched identifications and meanings which lend continuity and authenticity to human existence.
Del 3 - Studies in Contemporary History
Great Britain, The Soviet Union and the Polish Government in Exile (1939–1945)
Häftad, Engelska, 2011
566 kr
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In this book I have attempted to analyze the dilemmas confronting the Polish government-in-exile in London during the Second World War. My main objective has beeen to investigate the actual operation of the Polish govern ment and the overall policies of the British government vis-a-vis the Soviet Union insofar as they had a direct bearing on Anglo-Polish relations. Since the outstanding conflicts over territorial claims, and, ultimately, sovereignty, were between Poland and the Soviet Union, considerable attention has been devoted to the relationship between the Polish and Soviet governments during a most trying and difficult period of inter-Allied diplomacy. This work covers the period of operation of the Polish government on British soil until the resignation of Prime Minister Stanislaw Mikolajczyk in November 1944. Although Great Britain did not withdraw diplomatic recognition from the Polish government until July 1945, the Arciszewski government, formed after Mikolajczyk's resignation, was generally ignored by Great Britain. As with all subsequent governments, including that which exists today, Arciszewski's government functioned primarily as the voice of Poland in the West - a government of protest.
Del 2 - Studies in Contemporary History
Diplomacy of Partition
Britain, France and the Creation of Nigeria, 1890–1898
Häftad, Engelska, 2011
1 124 kr
Skickas inom 10-15 vardagar
In the spring of the year 1898 the long rivalry of Britain and France in West Africa reached a dangerous climax. The West African crisis was but one aspect of an extensive Anglo-French contest for colonial possessions which characterized the final decade of the nineteenth century. Competi tion for dominion went on relentlessly in the Nile Valley, along the banks of the Mekong in Southeast Asia, and within the territories of the Niger River Bend. The Upper Nile dispute dwarfed all others; and ultimately the inability of Britain and France to settle this question through diplo matic negotations was to lead to the confrontation at Fashoda. Simulta neously, however, a more obscure struggle was in process, namely the contest for possession of the thousand mile stretch of the Middle Niger. Aside from an infrequent flurry of diplomatic activity occasioned by the foray of an English or French officer into the little known realms of the Niger Bend, the protracted struggle for control of the river artery received scant notice. The Foreign Offices in both France and Britain traditionally regarded the region as one of secondary interest and tended to subordinate it to more pressing concerns. Even the eruption of a dan gerous crisis in West Africa in the spring of 1898 was somewhat over shadowed by the subsequent incident at Fashoda so that the earlier cli max appeared mainly a curtain raiser.