Transportation - Böcker

Electric and hybrid vehicles have been globally identified to be the most environmental friendly road transportation. Energy Systems for Electric and Hybrid Vehicles provides comprehensive coverage of the three main energy system technologies of these vehicles - energy sources, battery charging and vehicle-to-grid systems.The book begins with a discussion of energy source systems, covering electrochemical energy sources, flywheel energy storage, hybrid energy sources, solar energy harvesting, electromagnetic energy regeneration and thermoelectric energy recovery. Then battery technologies are covered, including battery charging strategies and battery management techniques, emerging wireless charging techniques for electric vehicles and the concept of energy cryptography for secure wireless power transfer. Finally vehicle-to-X technology is discussed, embracing the vehicle-to-home, vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-grid energy systems, for electric and hybrid vehicles.Combining insights from an international team of authors, this book is essential reading for researchers and advanced students developing electric/hybrid vehicles and intelligent transport systems in industry and academia.

Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) use information and communications technologies (ICT) to deliver transport improvements instead of extending physical infrastructure, thereby saving money and reducing environmental impact. This book provides an overview of ICT-based intelligent road transport systems with an emphasis on evaluation methods and recent evaluation results of ITS development and deployment. Topics covered include: ITS evaluation policy; frameworks and methods for ITS evaluation; ITS impact evaluation; the network perspective; field operational tests (FOTs); assessing transport measures using cost-benefit and multicriteria analysis; technical assessment of the performance of in-vehicle systems; opportunities and challenges in the era of new pervasive technology; evaluation of automated driving functions; user-related evaluation of ADAS (Advanced Driver Assistance Systems) and automated driving; evaluation of traffic management; performance assessment of a wet weather pilot system; case studies from China; heavy vehicle overload control benefit and cost. With chapters from an international panel of leading experts, this book is essential reading for researchers and advanced students from academia, industry and government working in intelligent road transport systems.

Urban Transport energy efficiency and environmental sustainability continue to present big challenges for city leaders and policy think tanks. As the share of the world's population living in cities grows to nearly 70 per cent between now and 2050, urban transport energy consumption is forecast to double to meet the travel demand in the world's future cities. This urban growth will also dramatically change the scale and nature of our communities, and put a tremendous strain on the built environment and infrastructure that delivers vital services like transport.This book presents a cohesive body of work on the policy principles and practical applications to drive sustainable mobility services in tomorrow's smart cities. Topics covered include policy principles for low carbon mobility; low carbon mobility and reducing automobile dependence; integrated land-use and transport planning for future cities; decarbonising suburban mobility; public transport for the urban millennium; impacts on public health; active transport, health and wellbeing; mobility and the sharing economy; autonomous shared mobility; gamification and sustainable mobility; and digital innovations and disruptive mobility.Low Carbon Mobility for Future Cities will be essential reading for researchers and practitioners in transport engineering, urban planning, transport planning and strategy, government employees in charge of sustainable practices, higher degree students, and the industries involved in offering mobility as a service.

Road pricing is increasingly being implemented around the world to combat congestion, curb carbon and other polluting emissions, compensate for falling revenues from fuel duty, improve the efficiency of the existing transport infrastructure, and fund new transport projects.Road Pricing outlines some of the economic theory behind these schemes, indicates the different kinds of road charging schemes that are possible, describes the electronic technology being used, shows that it is available and already in operational use in many countries, addresses how public acceptability can be achieved, and demonstrates that people will accept road pricing if they understand the reasons for using it, and above all, if they have experienced it in use and understand how it will affect them personally.There are very few engineering-oriented books in this field, or books aimed at transport planners. This book aims to fill that gap - informing engineers and planners how to prepare for and implement road pricing schemes, which technologies to use, and which technologies are already in use successfully throughout the world. The book also aims to show politicians and policy advisors what has been successfully achieved and what is possible now and in the immediate future.

The control of the longitudinal, lateral and vertical dynamics of two and four-wheeled vehicles, both of conventional type as well as fully-electric, is important not only for general safety of vehicular traffic in general, but also for future automated driving.Sliding Mode Control of Vehicular Dynamics provides an overview of this important topic. Topics covered include an introduction to sliding mode control; longitudinal vehicle dynamics control via sliding modes generation; sliding mode control of traction and braking in two-wheeled vehicles; lateral vehicle dynamics control via sliding modes generation; stability control of heavy vehicles; sliding mode approach in semi-active suspension control; and observer-based parameter identification for vehicle dynamics assessment. Each chapter introduces the problem formulation and a general overview of its physical aspects, provides a survey of the relevant literature on the topic, and reports on the authors' contributions to solving the control problem.The book is essential reading for researchers involved in vehicle control, from both industry and academia, as well as advanced students.

In a large and complex system, such as a railway network, it is often not an option to stop operation at any time. Even if a part of the system fails, is being repaired or modified, the system has to keep functioning. This leads to many requirements for on-line expansion, on-line maintenance, and fault-tolerance. Dynamic changes demand next-generation control, information and service systems to be based on adaptive, reliable and reusable technologies and applications. Such systems are expected to have the characteristics of living systems composed of largely autonomous and decentralized components. Hence they are called Autonomous Decentralized Systems (ADS).This book describes the concept, architecture and technologies of ADS and their applications in intelligent control, information and service systems, with a focus on transport. ADS is explained first using the example of the Japanese railway transport system; applications in other fields and countries follow. The goal is to describe the ADS concept and the technologies, applications and businesses on the basis of a consistent concept for achieving intelligent systems such as for manufacturing, transportation service, air traffic, robotic and distributed services.

Robotic marine vessels can be used for a wide range of purposes, including defence, marine science, offshore energy and hydrographic surveys, and environmental surveys and protection. Such vessels need to meet a variety of criteria: they must be able to operate in salt water, and to communicate and be controlled over large distances, even when submerged or in inclement weather. Further challenges include 3D navigation of individual vehicles, groups or squadrons.This book covers the current state of research in navigation, modelling and control of marine autonomous vehicles, and deals with various related topics, including collision avoidance, communication, and a range of applications. It provides valuable insights for an audience of researchers, academics and postgraduate students interested in autonomous marine vessels, robotics, and electrical and automobile engineering.

Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) deals with the unintentional propagation and reception of electromagnetic energy which may cause disturbances or even physical damage in electronic or electromechanical systems. With the increase in number and density of electronic devices and systems in modern vehicles, EMC has become a substantial concern and a key cause of malfunction of automotive electronics.This book explores electromagnetic compatibility in the context of automotive electronics, with a close relation to functional safety as required by ISO 26262. Topics covered include an introduction to automotive electronics; electrical drives and charging infrastructure; fundamentals of functional safety; fundamentals of EMC, signal and power integrity; the legal framework; EMC design at the ECU Level; EMC design at the system level and in special subsystems; modelling and simulation; and test and measurement for EMC.

The role of data and information and communication technology (ICT) is growing in all areas of transport, with autonomous vehicles among the most advanced examples. This opens up opportunities for malevolent interference, such as remote-control of vehicles for criminal or terrorist purposes or interruption of increasingly interconnected transport systems. It is therefore imperative that cybersecurity is upgraded and designed into new systems.Focusing on the management of security and the principles of security technologies in the context of transport systems, this book equips readers with an understanding of what management actions need to be taken and the sort of technologies available to defend against cyberattacks. To improve their decision making, managers need to understand how security practices and technologies work, so the book spans a range of areas: from regulations to security management, to the principles of selected technologies.Cybersecurity in Transport Systems provides insights across multiple modes of transport, including insight from seasoned practitioners. It also addresses advances and themes in current research and the future outlook as we move to increasing digital transformation.The book is aimed at managers in the transport sector but is widely applicable to other sectors, especially those that are safety critical. Much of the book will be useful to students considering careers in industries that rely on information technology, and to researchers in academia and industry.

Electric vehicles (EVs) offer a cleaner mode of personal transportation and a new way to store energy, but also present challenges to the grid due to additional distributed storage and load. With rising numbers of EVs on the streets, problems can include voltage limits violation or line congestion, mainly at the distribution level. All those operating devices in the grid, from network operators/managers to EVs owners, need fast communication with low latency, high security and reliability. The book addresses EVs as a driving source for realizing smart grid operation. It provides chapters from multidisciplinary academic and industry communities related to EVs charging schemes and technologies, and its associated communication, networking and information architectures.This book for researchers and practitioners provides a basis for full integration of EVs into the grid through extensive use of ICT tools in: (i) transport as energy storage system (TES) modelling, simulation and optimisation processes; (ii) vehicle on-line optimal control, estimation and prediction; (iii) energy system strategic planning with renewables; and (iv) supporting services such as those related to smart grid via smart charging.

Technologies for traffic and travel information (TTI) have been evolving rapidly in recent years. This book offers an overview of three generations of TTI technology, beginning with the first generation of human to human information transmission. The second generation incorporated machine to human information exchange, with the development of classification and transmission protocols such as RDS-TMC and TPEG. A third generation of machine to machine communication is now emerging, disrupting TTI technology and creating the need for this new reference work, which covers gathering information from automated sensors, its digital processing and transmission, and its use by increasingly intelligent agents and vehicles.The book provides coverage of the following topics, written by a range of experts in their respective fields: road traffic data collection; road traffic news from the air; location referencing; digital coding, collation and exchange of traffic information; European developments in traffic and travel information; the role of the commercial sector in developing road traffic information in the UK and Europe; dynamic road traffic signage; smart motorway information development; contribution of cooperative ITS to road traffic and travel information; multi modal traffic and travel information; social media and traffic and travel information; social media services and business models; and finally traffic and travel information into the future.Providing essential information to researchers and industry professionals involved with or interested in technologies and organisations that provide or deliver travel information, this book could also be of interest to policymakers needing an overview of the evolution and recent developments of this field, and advanced students of subjects related to telecommunications with an interest in traffic information.