W.J.Mander is Professor of History of Modern Philosophy at Oxford University, where he is a Fellow of Harris Manchester College.

The focus is on Anglophone philosophy, especially in the nineteenth century, with Maine de Biran in a key supporting role...The book is also a defense of the volitional theory, taken in a robust and not just analogical sense.

• 1: Introductory discussion 2: Berkeley and Johnson 3: Hume and Hartley 4: Reid and Kames 5: Maine de Biran and Schopenhauer 6: Critics of the volitional theory 7: Mansel, Martineau and others 8: Turn of the century figures 9: Recent critics 10: Recent advocates 11: Concluding discussion Bibliography

W.J.Mander is Professor of History of Modern Philosophy at Oxford University, where he is a Fellow of Harris Manchester College.

The focus is on Anglophone philosophy, especially in the nineteenth century, with Maine de Biran in a key supporting role...The book is also a defense of the volitional theory, taken in a robust and not just analogical sense.

• 1: Introductory discussion 2: Berkeley and Johnson 3: Hume and Hartley 4: Reid and Kames 5: Maine de Biran and Schopenhauer 6: Critics of the volitional theory 7: Mansel, Martineau and others 8: Turn of the century figures 9: Recent critics 10: Recent advocates 11: Concluding discussion Bibliography

W.J.Mander is Professor of History of Modern Philosophy at Oxford University, where he is a Fellow of Harris Manchester College.

The focus is on Anglophone philosophy, especially in the nineteenth century, with Maine de Biran in a key supporting role...The book is also a defense of the volitional theory, taken in a robust and not just analogical sense.

• 1: Introductory discussion 2: Berkeley and Johnson 3: Hume and Hartley 4: Reid and Kames 5: Maine de Biran and Schopenhauer 6: Critics of the volitional theory 7: Mansel, Martineau and others 8: Turn of the century figures 9: Recent critics 10: Recent advocates 11: Concluding discussion Bibliography