The Politics of Worldling presents Philippe Descola's Tanner Lectures on Human Values, delivered in 2023 at the University of California, Berkeley. It offers a highly readable précis of some of the central ideas that animate Descola's work, and an excellent gateway into a new vision of anthropology developed by one of its most distinguished practitioners. The lectures draw heavily on Descola's research among Achuar peoples (formerly known as Jivaro) of the Upper Amazon, and on his erudite knowledge of the comparative literature in anthropology. He presents evidence that people in different societies construe the relation between nature and culture in fundamentally different ways, according to how they view human beings versus other-than-human beings. Modern Euro-American naturalism holds that the laws of nature are universal and apply continuously across life forms, whereas human mental processes, self-consciousness and "inner lives" are unlike, and hence discontinous with the inner lives of non-human beings. Descola critiques this schema as anchronistic and destructive in the way it has led us to construct our world. He proposes alternative ways of thinking about "worldling" that might lead to less destructive outcomes, and provides a four-part typology of alternative relationships between the human and non-human, employing fascinating examples from the field. The commentators-political theorist Adom Getachew, environmental historian Timothy J. LeCain and comparative archaeologist David Wengrew-respond to the lectures and emphasize the importance of history, hybridity and the need for new, multidisciplinary approaches, to which Descola responds in a final chapter. Intellectually compelling, politically critical, and forward looking, and including an introduction by the volume editor William F. Hanks, The Politics of Worldling will be valuable for scholars and students alike interested in a concise presentation of the views of one of its most visionary theorists.
