With the increasing integration of Western Europe, and the substantial population flows following the dissolution of the Iron Curtain and the wars in Turkey, former Yugoslavia, and East Africa, migration has reached an all-time high in Europe, and "immigration and crime" has emerged as the foremost crime control issue. This study examines racial and ethnic differences in criminal offenders, victimization by crime, and disparities and discrimination in Western judicial systems. The study provides comprehensive summaries of research on Australia, Canada, England and Wales, France, Germany, the Netherlands, Sweden, Switzerland and the USA.
