DIETER LANGEWIESCHE is Professor of Modern History at the Universität of Tübingen, and Dean of the Faculty of Philosophy and Vice-Rector of the University of Erfurt.Text edited and translated by CHRISTIANE BANERJII.

• List of Tables and DiagramsAbbreviationsIntroductionPART ONE: EARLY LIBERALISM AND 'MIDDLE-CLASS SOCIETY'Early Liberalism as a Political Constitutional MovementBureaucratic LiberalismPolitical and Social Models of the Liberal MovementThe Organization and Social Profile of Early LiberalismPART TWO: LIBERAL POLITICS IN THE REVOLUTION OF 1848-9Images of the Revolution: Limiting the RevolutionLiberal Parliamentary PoliticsLiberals in the Extra-Parliamentary Revolutionary MovementFundamental Liberal Positions on the Imperial ConstitutionPART THREE: LIBERALISM BETWEEN THE REVOLUTION AND THE REICHSGRÜNDUNG 1849-1858, The Decade of Reaction'Unity' and 'Freedom'? Liberalism and the Reichsgründung PART FOUR: THE NATION STATE, INDUSTRIAL SOCIETY AND WELTPOLITIK: LIBERALS IN THE GERMAN KAISERREICHSocial and Political ChangesParties, Voters, Members, Pressure Groups: the 'Liberal Milieu', 1871-1918 The 'Liberal Era' and the Shock of the 'Second Reichsgründung 'The State, the Church and the KulturkampfAnti-Socialism, Social Policies, Liberal Social ModelsLiberalism and Municipal Politics Weltpolitik and Internal Reform: The Wilhelmine EraWar Aims and Aims for Reform: Liberals during the First World WarPART FIVE: THE DELIBERALIZATION OF THE 'MIDDLE-CLASS CENTRE': THE DECLINE OF POLITICAL LIBERALISM IN THE WEIMAR REPUBLICThe Overburdened RepublicParty Organization, Voters and Pressure Groups: the Dissolution of the 'Liberal Milieu'Liberal Programmes and Political PracticeLiberals Before and After 1933: Taking Stock and the Outlook for the FuturePART SIX: THE REBIRTH OF LIBERALISM? A BRIEF SUMMARY OF LIBERALISM AND POLITICS IN WEST GERMANY AFTER 1945Tables and DiagramsNotesSelect Bibliography

DIETER LANGEWIESCHE is Professor of Modern History at the Universität of Tübingen, and Dean of the Faculty of Philosophy and Vice-Rector of the University of Erfurt.Text edited and translated by CHRISTIANE BANERJII.

• List of Tables and DiagramsAbbreviationsIntroductionPART ONE: EARLY LIBERALISM AND 'MIDDLE-CLASS SOCIETY'Early Liberalism as a Political Constitutional MovementBureaucratic LiberalismPolitical and Social Models of the Liberal MovementThe Organization and Social Profile of Early LiberalismPART TWO: LIBERAL POLITICS IN THE REVOLUTION OF 1848-9Images of the Revolution: Limiting the RevolutionLiberal Parliamentary PoliticsLiberals in the Extra-Parliamentary Revolutionary MovementFundamental Liberal Positions on the Imperial ConstitutionPART THREE: LIBERALISM BETWEEN THE REVOLUTION AND THE REICHSGRÜNDUNG 1849-1858, The Decade of Reaction'Unity' and 'Freedom'? Liberalism and the Reichsgründung PART FOUR: THE NATION STATE, INDUSTRIAL SOCIETY AND WELTPOLITIK: LIBERALS IN THE GERMAN KAISERREICHSocial and Political ChangesParties, Voters, Members, Pressure Groups: the 'Liberal Milieu', 1871-1918 The 'Liberal Era' and the Shock of the 'Second Reichsgründung 'The State, the Church and the KulturkampfAnti-Socialism, Social Policies, Liberal Social ModelsLiberalism and Municipal Politics Weltpolitik and Internal Reform: The Wilhelmine EraWar Aims and Aims for Reform: Liberals during the First World WarPART FIVE: THE DELIBERALIZATION OF THE 'MIDDLE-CLASS CENTRE': THE DECLINE OF POLITICAL LIBERALISM IN THE WEIMAR REPUBLICThe Overburdened RepublicParty Organization, Voters and Pressure Groups: the Dissolution of the 'Liberal Milieu'Liberal Programmes and Political PracticeLiberals Before and After 1933: Taking Stock and the Outlook for the FuturePART SIX: THE REBIRTH OF LIBERALISM? A BRIEF SUMMARY OF LIBERALISM AND POLITICS IN WEST GERMANY AFTER 1945Tables and DiagramsNotesSelect Bibliography

DIETER LANGEWIESCHE is Professor of Modern History at the Universität of Tübingen, and Dean of the Faculty of Philosophy and Vice-Rector of the University of Erfurt.Text edited and translated by CHRISTIANE BANERJII.

• List of Tables and DiagramsAbbreviationsIntroductionPART ONE: EARLY LIBERALISM AND 'MIDDLE-CLASS SOCIETY'Early Liberalism as a Political Constitutional MovementBureaucratic LiberalismPolitical and Social Models of the Liberal MovementThe Organization and Social Profile of Early LiberalismPART TWO: LIBERAL POLITICS IN THE REVOLUTION OF 1848-9Images of the Revolution: Limiting the RevolutionLiberal Parliamentary PoliticsLiberals in the Extra-Parliamentary Revolutionary MovementFundamental Liberal Positions on the Imperial ConstitutionPART THREE: LIBERALISM BETWEEN THE REVOLUTION AND THE REICHSGRÜNDUNG 1849-1858, The Decade of Reaction'Unity' and 'Freedom'? Liberalism and the Reichsgründung PART FOUR: THE NATION STATE, INDUSTRIAL SOCIETY AND WELTPOLITIK: LIBERALS IN THE GERMAN KAISERREICHSocial and Political ChangesParties, Voters, Members, Pressure Groups: the 'Liberal Milieu', 1871-1918 The 'Liberal Era' and the Shock of the 'Second Reichsgründung 'The State, the Church and the KulturkampfAnti-Socialism, Social Policies, Liberal Social ModelsLiberalism and Municipal Politics Weltpolitik and Internal Reform: The Wilhelmine EraWar Aims and Aims for Reform: Liberals during the First World WarPART FIVE: THE DELIBERALIZATION OF THE 'MIDDLE-CLASS CENTRE': THE DECLINE OF POLITICAL LIBERALISM IN THE WEIMAR REPUBLICThe Overburdened RepublicParty Organization, Voters and Pressure Groups: the Dissolution of the 'Liberal Milieu'Liberal Programmes and Political PracticeLiberals Before and After 1933: Taking Stock and the Outlook for the FuturePART SIX: THE REBIRTH OF LIBERALISM? A BRIEF SUMMARY OF LIBERALISM AND POLITICS IN WEST GERMANY AFTER 1945Tables and DiagramsNotesSelect Bibliography