Roland Clark is a Reader in Modern European History at the University of Liverpool. He is the author of Holy Legionary Youth (2015) and Sectarianism and Renewal in 1920s Romania (2021) as well as numerous articles and book chapters. His research interests include fascism, social movements, antisemitism, the Holocaust, and religion.Tim Grady is Professor of Modern European History at the University of Chester. His most recent book is A Deadly Legacy: German Jews and the Great War (2017). His research focusses on war, memory, and the contested legacies of conflict.

"This is an important collection of sources, many available in English for the first time. European Fascist Movements gives the lie to the fascists’ own claims to be unified, well-organised and ideologically rigorous, showing instead how they grew in an ad hoc and reactive fashion, shape-shifting as circumstances demanded."Professor Dan Stone, Royal Holloway, University of London"This book is the product of a unique convergence of experts across the widest possible range of country case studies who have supplied the best of their expertise, not only in terms of framing narratives but also in terms of curating lists of previously unknown to most primary sources …What it also manages to do is to be supremely useful to students of fascism while also acquainting more advanced researchers with sources that they would not have come across before."Professor Aristotle Kallis, Keele University

• European Fascist Movements: An Introduction 1. Italy 2. Germany 3. Austria 4. Belgium 5. Britain 6. Croats 7. Finland 8. France 9. Hungary 10. Ireland 11. Latvia 12. Netherlands 13. Romania 16. Slovaks 15. Spain 16. Czechoslovakia’s Germans 17. Sweden 18. Ukrainians

Roland Clark is a Reader in Modern European History at the University of Liverpool. He is the author of Holy Legionary Youth (2015) and Sectarianism and Renewal in 1920s Romania (2021) as well as numerous articles and book chapters. His research interests include fascism, social movements, antisemitism, the Holocaust, and religion.Tim Grady is Professor of Modern European History at the University of Chester. His most recent book is A Deadly Legacy: German Jews and the Great War (2017). His research focusses on war, memory, and the contested legacies of conflict.

"This is an important collection of sources, many available in English for the first time. European Fascist Movements gives the lie to the fascists’ own claims to be unified, well-organised and ideologically rigorous, showing instead how they grew in an ad hoc and reactive fashion, shape-shifting as circumstances demanded."Professor Dan Stone, Royal Holloway, University of London"This book is the product of a unique convergence of experts across the widest possible range of country case studies who have supplied the best of their expertise, not only in terms of framing narratives but also in terms of curating lists of previously unknown to most primary sources …What it also manages to do is to be supremely useful to students of fascism while also acquainting more advanced researchers with sources that they would not have come across before."Professor Aristotle Kallis, Keele University

• European Fascist Movements: An Introduction 1. Italy 2. Germany 3. Austria 4. Belgium 5. Britain 6. Croats 7. Finland 8. France 9. Hungary 10. Ireland 11. Latvia 12. Netherlands 13. Romania 16. Slovaks 15. Spain 16. Czechoslovakia’s Germans 17. Sweden 18. Ukrainians

Roland Clark is a Reader in Modern European History at the University of Liverpool. He is the author of Holy Legionary Youth (2015) and Sectarianism and Renewal in 1920s Romania (2021) as well as numerous articles and book chapters. His research interests include fascism, social movements, antisemitism, the Holocaust, and religion.Tim Grady is Professor of Modern European History at the University of Chester. His most recent book is A Deadly Legacy: German Jews and the Great War (2017). His research focusses on war, memory, and the contested legacies of conflict.

"This is an important collection of sources, many available in English for the first time. European Fascist Movements gives the lie to the fascists’ own claims to be unified, well-organised and ideologically rigorous, showing instead how they grew in an ad hoc and reactive fashion, shape-shifting as circumstances demanded."Professor Dan Stone, Royal Holloway, University of London"This book is the product of a unique convergence of experts across the widest possible range of country case studies who have supplied the best of their expertise, not only in terms of framing narratives but also in terms of curating lists of previously unknown to most primary sources …What it also manages to do is to be supremely useful to students of fascism while also acquainting more advanced researchers with sources that they would not have come across before."Professor Aristotle Kallis, Keele University

• European Fascist Movements: An Introduction 1. Italy 2. Germany 3. Austria 4. Belgium 5. Britain 6. Croats 7. Finland 8. France 9. Hungary 10. Ireland 11. Latvia 12. Netherlands 13. Romania 16. Slovaks 15. Spain 16. Czechoslovakia’s Germans 17. Sweden 18. Ukrainians