Gilles Allaire is an economist and Emeritus Director of Research at the French National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA). He was trained as agronomist engineer. His main research topics concern institutions, markets and agricultural policies; more specifically, rural employment, rural development, genetic resources, knowledge systems, organic agriculture movement, geographical indications and alternative food networks. He directed several national and European research projects. He has been a visiting scholar in the Institute of International studies, University of California at Berkeley. He is member of the editorial board of the Revue de la regulation.Benoit Daviron is Senior Researcher at the Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (CIRAD) and consulting professor in SupAgro Montpellier, France. He has been a visiting scholar in the Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics of the University of California at Berkeley and responsible for economics and social sciences in CIRAD. For the last 20 years he has worked on agricultural trade and food policies in developing countries with a special focus on the questions of governance and regulation.

• 1 Introduction: industrialisation and socialisation of agriculture, towards new regimes PART I Novel approaches and theories of global agri-economies in the second Great Transformation 2 The ambivalence of the capitalist socialisation of agriculture 3 Regulation Theory and transformation of agriculture: a literature review 4 Convention Theory in Anglophone agri-food studies: French legacies, circulation and new perspectives 5 The new autocracy in food and agriculture PART II Ongoing transformations of the agri-economy 6 Energy, biomass and hegemony: a long history of transformations of agricultures 7 Food Regime Analysis: a reassessment 8 The Holstein cow as an institution of the agricultural modernisation project: commodity or common good? 9 Transitions towards a European bioeconomy: Life Sciences versus agroecology trajectories PART III Cases studies: competition in markets and policies 10 Organic farming in France: an alternative project or conventionalisation? 11 Japanese agri-food in transition 12 Transforming the dairy sector in post-communist economies: actors and strategies 13 Large-scale land investments and financialisation of agriculture: an analysis based on agro-financial filières 14 Conclusion: alternative sketches of a Second Great Transformation

Gilles Allaire is an economist and Emeritus Director of Research at the French National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA). He was trained as agronomist engineer. His main research topics concern institutions, markets and agricultural policies; more specifically, rural employment, rural development, genetic resources, knowledge systems, organic agriculture movement, geographical indications and alternative food networks. He directed several national and European research projects. He has been a visiting scholar in the Institute of International studies, University of California at Berkeley. He is member of the editorial board of the Revue de la regulation.Benoit Daviron is Senior Researcher at the Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (CIRAD) and consulting professor in SupAgro Montpellier, France. He has been a visiting scholar in the Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics of the University of California at Berkeley and responsible for economics and social sciences in CIRAD. For the last 20 years he has worked on agricultural trade and food policies in developing countries with a special focus on the questions of governance and regulation.

• 1 Introduction: industrialisation and socialisation of agriculture, towards new regimes PART I Novel approaches and theories of global agri-economies in the second Great Transformation 2 The ambivalence of the capitalist socialisation of agriculture 3 Regulation Theory and transformation of agriculture: a literature review 4 Convention Theory in Anglophone agri-food studies: French legacies, circulation and new perspectives 5 The new autocracy in food and agriculture PART II Ongoing transformations of the agri-economy 6 Energy, biomass and hegemony: a long history of transformations of agricultures 7 Food Regime Analysis: a reassessment 8 The Holstein cow as an institution of the agricultural modernisation project: commodity or common good? 9 Transitions towards a European bioeconomy: Life Sciences versus agroecology trajectories PART III Cases studies: competition in markets and policies 10 Organic farming in France: an alternative project or conventionalisation? 11 Japanese agri-food in transition 12 Transforming the dairy sector in post-communist economies: actors and strategies 13 Large-scale land investments and financialisation of agriculture: an analysis based on agro-financial filières 14 Conclusion: alternative sketches of a Second Great Transformation

Gilles Allaire is an economist and Emeritus Director of Research at the French National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA). He was trained as agronomist engineer. His main research topics concern institutions, markets and agricultural policies; more specifically, rural employment, rural development, genetic resources, knowledge systems, organic agriculture movement, geographical indications and alternative food networks. He directed several national and European research projects. He has been a visiting scholar in the Institute of International studies, University of California at Berkeley. He is member of the editorial board of the Revue de la regulation.Benoit Daviron is Senior Researcher at the Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (CIRAD) and consulting professor in SupAgro Montpellier, France. He has been a visiting scholar in the Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics of the University of California at Berkeley and responsible for economics and social sciences in CIRAD. For the last 20 years he has worked on agricultural trade and food policies in developing countries with a special focus on the questions of governance and regulation.

• 1 Introduction: industrialisation and socialisation of agriculture, towards new regimes PART I Novel approaches and theories of global agri-economies in the second Great Transformation 2 The ambivalence of the capitalist socialisation of agriculture 3 Regulation Theory and transformation of agriculture: a literature review 4 Convention Theory in Anglophone agri-food studies: French legacies, circulation and new perspectives 5 The new autocracy in food and agriculture PART II Ongoing transformations of the agri-economy 6 Energy, biomass and hegemony: a long history of transformations of agricultures 7 Food Regime Analysis: a reassessment 8 The Holstein cow as an institution of the agricultural modernisation project: commodity or common good? 9 Transitions towards a European bioeconomy: Life Sciences versus agroecology trajectories PART III Cases studies: competition in markets and policies 10 Organic farming in France: an alternative project or conventionalisation? 11 Japanese agri-food in transition 12 Transforming the dairy sector in post-communist economies: actors and strategies 13 Large-scale land investments and financialisation of agriculture: an analysis based on agro-financial filières 14 Conclusion: alternative sketches of a Second Great Transformation