David Novak holds the J. Richard and Dorothy Shiff Chair of Jewish Studies at the University of Toronto. His previous books include "Natural Law in Judaism, The Election of Israel", and "Jewish Social Ethics".

Co-Winner of the Award for Excellence in the Study of Religion in Constructive-Reflective Studies, American Academy of Religion

• Preface ix Abbreviations Used in Text xiii Introduction 3 Individuals and Societies: Rights and Duties 3 Autonomy and Personal Claims 12 The Political Dilemma of Modern Jews 25 Haim Cohn and the Secularization of Jewish Law 32 Chapter I. God and Human Persons 36 God's Absolute Power 36 Power as a Right 40 Negative Commandments 44 Positive Commandments 50 Chapter II. Human Persons and God 56 Dependence as the Primary Human Claim on God 56 Prayer: Cognitive or Emotive? 60 God's Commandments as Human Rights 65 The Human Right to God's Justice 71 Chapter III. God and Covenanted Community 77 The Immediacy of the Community 77 Election and Covenant 84 General Covenantal Claims on the Community: Justice 86 Specific Covenantal Claims on the Community: Compassion 90 Specific Covenantal Claims on the Community: Public Worship 94 The Most Specific Covenantal Claim on the Community: Martyrdom 96 Chapter IV. Covenanted Community and God 99 Covenantal Faithfulness 99 Specific Jewish Covenantal Claims 105 Legal Authority as a Communal Right 108 Chapter V. Between Human Persons 117 Personal Mutuality 117 What Is Hateful to You 119 Retaliation 121 Self-Interest and Self-Love 122 Rights and Self-Interest Alone 131 The Love of Neighbor 142 Who Is Your Neighbor? 147 Chapter VI. Covenanted Community and Human Persons 153 The Covenanted Community 153 Community and Normative Generality 158 Familial Duty 166 According to Nature 172 Exceptions to the Norm of Procreation 176 The Lethal Claims of the Community 179 Chapter VII. Human Persons and Covenanted Community 187 The Contemporary Importance of Individual Rights 187 The Right to Protection from Harm 187 The Right to Public Assistance 192 The Right to Social Inclusion 196 Individual Rights against Society 204 Naboth's Vineyard 205 The Right of Eminent Domain 209 The Issue of Public Violence 214 Bibliography 219 Index 233

David Novak holds the J. Richard and Dorothy Shiff Chair of Jewish Studies at the University of Toronto. His previous books include "Natural Law in Judaism, The Election of Israel", and "Jewish Social Ethics".

Co-Winner of the Award for Excellence in the Study of Religion in Constructive-Reflective Studies, American Academy of Religion

• Preface ix Abbreviations Used in Text xiii Introduction 3 Individuals and Societies: Rights and Duties 3 Autonomy and Personal Claims 12 The Political Dilemma of Modern Jews 25 Haim Cohn and the Secularization of Jewish Law 32 Chapter I. God and Human Persons 36 God's Absolute Power 36 Power as a Right 40 Negative Commandments 44 Positive Commandments 50 Chapter II. Human Persons and God 56 Dependence as the Primary Human Claim on God 56 Prayer: Cognitive or Emotive? 60 God's Commandments as Human Rights 65 The Human Right to God's Justice 71 Chapter III. God and Covenanted Community 77 The Immediacy of the Community 77 Election and Covenant 84 General Covenantal Claims on the Community: Justice 86 Specific Covenantal Claims on the Community: Compassion 90 Specific Covenantal Claims on the Community: Public Worship 94 The Most Specific Covenantal Claim on the Community: Martyrdom 96 Chapter IV. Covenanted Community and God 99 Covenantal Faithfulness 99 Specific Jewish Covenantal Claims 105 Legal Authority as a Communal Right 108 Chapter V. Between Human Persons 117 Personal Mutuality 117 What Is Hateful to You 119 Retaliation 121 Self-Interest and Self-Love 122 Rights and Self-Interest Alone 131 The Love of Neighbor 142 Who Is Your Neighbor? 147 Chapter VI. Covenanted Community and Human Persons 153 The Covenanted Community 153 Community and Normative Generality 158 Familial Duty 166 According to Nature 172 Exceptions to the Norm of Procreation 176 The Lethal Claims of the Community 179 Chapter VII. Human Persons and Covenanted Community 187 The Contemporary Importance of Individual Rights 187 The Right to Protection from Harm 187 The Right to Public Assistance 192 The Right to Social Inclusion 196 Individual Rights against Society 204 Naboth's Vineyard 205 The Right of Eminent Domain 209 The Issue of Public Violence 214 Bibliography 219 Index 233

David Novak holds the J. Richard and Dorothy Shiff Chair of Jewish Studies at the University of Toronto. His previous books include "Natural Law in Judaism, The Election of Israel", and "Jewish Social Ethics".

Co-Winner of the Award for Excellence in the Study of Religion in Constructive-Reflective Studies, American Academy of Religion

• Preface ix Abbreviations Used in Text xiii Introduction 3 Individuals and Societies: Rights and Duties 3 Autonomy and Personal Claims 12 The Political Dilemma of Modern Jews 25 Haim Cohn and the Secularization of Jewish Law 32 Chapter I. God and Human Persons 36 God's Absolute Power 36 Power as a Right 40 Negative Commandments 44 Positive Commandments 50 Chapter II. Human Persons and God 56 Dependence as the Primary Human Claim on God 56 Prayer: Cognitive or Emotive? 60 God's Commandments as Human Rights 65 The Human Right to God's Justice 71 Chapter III. God and Covenanted Community 77 The Immediacy of the Community 77 Election and Covenant 84 General Covenantal Claims on the Community: Justice 86 Specific Covenantal Claims on the Community: Compassion 90 Specific Covenantal Claims on the Community: Public Worship 94 The Most Specific Covenantal Claim on the Community: Martyrdom 96 Chapter IV. Covenanted Community and God 99 Covenantal Faithfulness 99 Specific Jewish Covenantal Claims 105 Legal Authority as a Communal Right 108 Chapter V. Between Human Persons 117 Personal Mutuality 117 What Is Hateful to You 119 Retaliation 121 Self-Interest and Self-Love 122 Rights and Self-Interest Alone 131 The Love of Neighbor 142 Who Is Your Neighbor? 147 Chapter VI. Covenanted Community and Human Persons 153 The Covenanted Community 153 Community and Normative Generality 158 Familial Duty 166 According to Nature 172 Exceptions to the Norm of Procreation 176 The Lethal Claims of the Community 179 Chapter VII. Human Persons and Covenanted Community 187 The Contemporary Importance of Individual Rights 187 The Right to Protection from Harm 187 The Right to Public Assistance 192 The Right to Social Inclusion 196 Individual Rights against Society 204 Naboth's Vineyard 205 The Right of Eminent Domain 209 The Issue of Public Violence 214 Bibliography 219 Index 233