S. Mark Heim is Samuel Abbot Professor of Theology at Andover Newton Seminary at Yale and a Visiting Professor at Yale Divinity School. He is the author and editor of several books, the most recent of which is Saved from Sacrifice: A Theology of the Cross.

• Preface and Acknowledgments ixIntroduction: The Bodhisattva Path and the Christ Path 1Comparative Theology as Christian Theology • Some Historical Background • Theology of Religious Pluralism • Plan of This BookI Two Paths1 Two Problems,Two Miracles 25What to Study? • Bridging Gaps • The Miracle of the Bodhisattva • The Miracle of the GreatExchange • Matchless WondersII Perfection of Wisdom and the BodhisattvaPath in Śāntideva2 The Bodhisattva Path 59Undertaking the Way of Enlightenment: Text and Reader • Cultivating Awakening Mind: Starting Where We Are3 Extreme Wisdom, Groundless Compassion 82Expanding and Dispelling the Self • Perfection of Wisdom • Back to the Bodhisattva • Being BuddhaIII Christian Reflections4 The Bodhisattva as Aspirant: Creatures and No-Self 127Creatures and No-Self • The Blessings of Emptiness • Mimetic Self: Too Little or Too Much? • No-Self and the Cross5 The Bodhisattva as Buddha: Immanence and Emptiness 165Buddha Nature • Theosis, Divine Energies, and Bare Awareness • Attainment and History • Attainment and Self-Consciousness • Practicing Bare Immanence • Christ and the Bodhisattva6 How Do Buddhas Help?: Bodhisattva as Benefactor and Christ as Savior 209Many Faces of Compassion • Three Ways That Bodhisattvas Help • Deity and Benefactor Meditation • Christian Reflections • Benefactor Practices in Christian Perspective • Bodhisattva and Christ I: Diversity and Person-Making • Bodhisattva and Christ II: Why Christ Suffers and Bodhisattvas Don'tConclusion: Crucified Wisdom 261Notes 271Works Cited 309Index 321

S. Mark Heim is Samuel Abbot Professor of Theology at Andover Newton Seminary at Yale and a Visiting Professor at Yale Divinity School. He is the author and editor of several books, the most recent of which is Saved from Sacrifice: A Theology of the Cross.

• Preface and Acknowledgments ixIntroduction: The Bodhisattva Path and the Christ Path 1Comparative Theology as Christian Theology • Some Historical Background • Theology of Religious Pluralism • Plan of This BookI Two Paths1 Two Problems,Two Miracles 25What to Study? • Bridging Gaps • The Miracle of the Bodhisattva • The Miracle of the GreatExchange • Matchless WondersII Perfection of Wisdom and the BodhisattvaPath in Śāntideva2 The Bodhisattva Path 59Undertaking the Way of Enlightenment: Text and Reader • Cultivating Awakening Mind: Starting Where We Are3 Extreme Wisdom, Groundless Compassion 82Expanding and Dispelling the Self • Perfection of Wisdom • Back to the Bodhisattva • Being BuddhaIII Christian Reflections4 The Bodhisattva as Aspirant: Creatures and No-Self 127Creatures and No-Self • The Blessings of Emptiness • Mimetic Self: Too Little or Too Much? • No-Self and the Cross5 The Bodhisattva as Buddha: Immanence and Emptiness 165Buddha Nature • Theosis, Divine Energies, and Bare Awareness • Attainment and History • Attainment and Self-Consciousness • Practicing Bare Immanence • Christ and the Bodhisattva6 How Do Buddhas Help?: Bodhisattva as Benefactor and Christ as Savior 209Many Faces of Compassion • Three Ways That Bodhisattvas Help • Deity and Benefactor Meditation • Christian Reflections • Benefactor Practices in Christian Perspective • Bodhisattva and Christ I: Diversity and Person-Making • Bodhisattva and Christ II: Why Christ Suffers and Bodhisattvas Don'tConclusion: Crucified Wisdom 261Notes 271Works Cited 309Index 321

S. Mark Heim is Samuel Abbot Professor of Theology at Andover Newton Seminary at Yale and a Visiting Professor at Yale Divinity School. He is the author and editor of several books, the most recent of which is Saved from Sacrifice: A Theology of the Cross.

• Preface and Acknowledgments ixIntroduction: The Bodhisattva Path and the Christ Path 1Comparative Theology as Christian Theology • Some Historical Background • Theology of Religious Pluralism • Plan of This BookI Two Paths1 Two Problems,Two Miracles 25What to Study? • Bridging Gaps • The Miracle of the Bodhisattva • The Miracle of the GreatExchange • Matchless WondersII Perfection of Wisdom and the BodhisattvaPath in Śāntideva2 The Bodhisattva Path 59Undertaking the Way of Enlightenment: Text and Reader • Cultivating Awakening Mind: Starting Where We Are3 Extreme Wisdom, Groundless Compassion 82Expanding and Dispelling the Self • Perfection of Wisdom • Back to the Bodhisattva • Being BuddhaIII Christian Reflections4 The Bodhisattva as Aspirant: Creatures and No-Self 127Creatures and No-Self • The Blessings of Emptiness • Mimetic Self: Too Little or Too Much? • No-Self and the Cross5 The Bodhisattva as Buddha: Immanence and Emptiness 165Buddha Nature • Theosis, Divine Energies, and Bare Awareness • Attainment and History • Attainment and Self-Consciousness • Practicing Bare Immanence • Christ and the Bodhisattva6 How Do Buddhas Help?: Bodhisattva as Benefactor and Christ as Savior 209Many Faces of Compassion • Three Ways That Bodhisattvas Help • Deity and Benefactor Meditation • Christian Reflections • Benefactor Practices in Christian Perspective • Bodhisattva and Christ I: Diversity and Person-Making • Bodhisattva and Christ II: Why Christ Suffers and Bodhisattvas Don'tConclusion: Crucified Wisdom 261Notes 271Works Cited 309Index 321