Axel Bruns is Australian Laureate Fellow and Professor in the Digital Media Research Centre at Queensland University of Technology in Brisbane, Australia, and Chief Investigator in the ARC Centre of Excellence for Automated Decision-Making and Society.Gunn Enli is Professor at the Department of Media and Communication, University of Oslo, Norway.Anders Olof Larsson is Professor of Communication Studies at Kristiania University College in Oslo, Norway.Jessica Yarin Robinson is a Postdoctoral Research Fellow at the University of Oslo’s Department of Media and Communication.Tanja Bosch is Professor of Media Studies and Production at the Centre for Film and Media Studies, University of Cape Town, where she also holds the position of National Research Foundation Chair in Digital Media Sociology.Kateryna Kasianenko is a Postdoctoral Research Fellow at the ARC Centre of Excellence for Automated Decision-Making and Society (ADM+S) and Queensland University of Technology’s Digital Media Research Centre (DMRC).

• Introduction Part I: Concepts 1. Great Expectations: Network Media Logic and Politics in the Age of Generative AI 2. A Perfect Match? The Populism-Social Media Nexus 3. Digital Dimensions of Propaganda: Technological, Doctrinal, and Organisational Shifts in Authoritarian Strategic Communication 4. Deliberation and Destructive Polarisation in Social Media Part II: Challenges 5. Studying Social Media and Politics: What Is ‘Social’ about Our Research? 6. Can African Feminist Philosophy Inform a Holistic Multilateral Approach to Governing Social Media? 7. The Global Village Is Here, Just Not Like We Expected: Transnational Politics on Social Media and the Rise of Networked Cosmopolitanism 8. Alt-Platformisation: Evolution of Fringe Communication and Political Discourses Through and with the Web 9. Hyperconnectivity, Not Isolation: Why Concerns about ‘Echo Chambers’ and ‘Filter Bubbles’ Address the Wrong Problem 10. Authenticity in the Age of AI: Beyond the Alarmist Deepfake Discourse Part III: Policies 11. The Truth-Keeping Moment: The Rise and Fall of Platform-Supported Fact-Checking 12. Public Speech, Private Governance, Public Values? Platform Policies on Political Advertising 13. Who Do Parties Target? Worldwide Evidence on Political Microtargeting 14. Social Media Data Access in the Post-API Age 15. Computational Infrastructures for the Collection and Study of Digital Platform-Based Political Advertising 16. When Private Affords Public: Politics on Platforms or Platforms for Politics? Part IV: Problems 17. Restating the State? Social Media Propaganda and the State–Non-State Nexus 18. The Influencer Theatre: Participatory Disinformation in the Influencer Era 19. Navigating Coordination and Inauthentic Behaviour: Challenges and Innovations in Social Media Detection 20. Populism Across Two Continents: Assessing the Use of Populist Communication Styles on Facebook across Ten Countries 21. Harmful Visual Humour on Far-Right Social Media: Generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Reactionary Memes Part V: Platforms 22. So Long Twitter, and Thanks for All the Tweets 23. Digital Public Opinion in China: Weibo Discourses from COVID-19 and Beyond 24. Instagram and Politics: A Systematic Literature Review 25. Locating WhatsApp in Indian Politics: History, Media Ecology, and Ideology 26. Telegram as a Developing Political Actor: Conceptualising Platform Actorness 27. Play, Protest, Repeat: Conceptualising Playful Activism on TikTok 28. Memetic Politics on TikTok: Key Ideas, Considerations, and a Tanghulu Case Study Part VI: Possibilities 29. Busting the Myth of ‘Leaderless’ Movements: Crowd-Enabled Elites in Digitally Networked Activism 30. Digital Resistance under Authoritarianism: A Comparative Study of Activist Publics Across Five Countries 31. Participatory War and Social Media: Discursive, Material, and Ethical Dimensions 32. Who Wins the Engagement Race? Examining Normalisation and Equalisation Theories across 12 Ibero-American Countries

Axel Bruns is Australian Laureate Fellow and Professor in the Digital Media Research Centre at Queensland University of Technology in Brisbane, Australia, and Chief Investigator in the ARC Centre of Excellence for Automated Decision-Making and Society.Gunn Enli is Professor at the Department of Media and Communication, University of Oslo, Norway.Anders Olof Larsson is Professor of Communication Studies at Kristiania University College in Oslo, Norway.Jessica Yarin Robinson is a Postdoctoral Research Fellow at the University of Oslo’s Department of Media and Communication.Tanja Bosch is Professor of Media Studies and Production at the Centre for Film and Media Studies, University of Cape Town, where she also holds the position of National Research Foundation Chair in Digital Media Sociology.Kateryna Kasianenko is a Postdoctoral Research Fellow at the ARC Centre of Excellence for Automated Decision-Making and Society (ADM+S) and Queensland University of Technology’s Digital Media Research Centre (DMRC).

• Introduction Part I: Concepts 1. Great Expectations: Network Media Logic and Politics in the Age of Generative AI 2. A Perfect Match? The Populism-Social Media Nexus 3. Digital Dimensions of Propaganda: Technological, Doctrinal, and Organisational Shifts in Authoritarian Strategic Communication 4. Deliberation and Destructive Polarisation in Social Media Part II: Challenges 5. Studying Social Media and Politics: What Is ‘Social’ about Our Research? 6. Can African Feminist Philosophy Inform a Holistic Multilateral Approach to Governing Social Media? 7. The Global Village Is Here, Just Not Like We Expected: Transnational Politics on Social Media and the Rise of Networked Cosmopolitanism 8. Alt-Platformisation: Evolution of Fringe Communication and Political Discourses Through and with the Web 9. Hyperconnectivity, Not Isolation: Why Concerns about ‘Echo Chambers’ and ‘Filter Bubbles’ Address the Wrong Problem 10. Authenticity in the Age of AI: Beyond the Alarmist Deepfake Discourse Part III: Policies 11. The Truth-Keeping Moment: The Rise and Fall of Platform-Supported Fact-Checking 12. Public Speech, Private Governance, Public Values? Platform Policies on Political Advertising 13. Who Do Parties Target? Worldwide Evidence on Political Microtargeting 14. Social Media Data Access in the Post-API Age 15. Computational Infrastructures for the Collection and Study of Digital Platform-Based Political Advertising 16. When Private Affords Public: Politics on Platforms or Platforms for Politics? Part IV: Problems 17. Restating the State? Social Media Propaganda and the State–Non-State Nexus 18. The Influencer Theatre: Participatory Disinformation in the Influencer Era 19. Navigating Coordination and Inauthentic Behaviour: Challenges and Innovations in Social Media Detection 20. Populism Across Two Continents: Assessing the Use of Populist Communication Styles on Facebook across Ten Countries 21. Harmful Visual Humour on Far-Right Social Media: Generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Reactionary Memes Part V: Platforms 22. So Long Twitter, and Thanks for All the Tweets 23. Digital Public Opinion in China: Weibo Discourses from COVID-19 and Beyond 24. Instagram and Politics: A Systematic Literature Review 25. Locating WhatsApp in Indian Politics: History, Media Ecology, and Ideology 26. Telegram as a Developing Political Actor: Conceptualising Platform Actorness 27. Play, Protest, Repeat: Conceptualising Playful Activism on TikTok 28. Memetic Politics on TikTok: Key Ideas, Considerations, and a Tanghulu Case Study Part VI: Possibilities 29. Busting the Myth of ‘Leaderless’ Movements: Crowd-Enabled Elites in Digitally Networked Activism 30. Digital Resistance under Authoritarianism: A Comparative Study of Activist Publics Across Five Countries 31. Participatory War and Social Media: Discursive, Material, and Ethical Dimensions 32. Who Wins the Engagement Race? Examining Normalisation and Equalisation Theories across 12 Ibero-American Countries

Axel Bruns is Australian Laureate Fellow and Professor in the Digital Media Research Centre at Queensland University of Technology in Brisbane, Australia, and Chief Investigator in the ARC Centre of Excellence for Automated Decision-Making and Society.Gunn Enli is Professor at the Department of Media and Communication, University of Oslo, Norway.Anders Olof Larsson is Professor of Communication Studies at Kristiania University College in Oslo, Norway.Jessica Yarin Robinson is a Postdoctoral Research Fellow at the University of Oslo’s Department of Media and Communication.Tanja Bosch is Professor of Media Studies and Production at the Centre for Film and Media Studies, University of Cape Town, where she also holds the position of National Research Foundation Chair in Digital Media Sociology.Kateryna Kasianenko is a Postdoctoral Research Fellow at the ARC Centre of Excellence for Automated Decision-Making and Society (ADM+S) and Queensland University of Technology’s Digital Media Research Centre (DMRC).

• Introduction Part I: Concepts 1. Great Expectations: Network Media Logic and Politics in the Age of Generative AI 2. A Perfect Match? The Populism-Social Media Nexus 3. Digital Dimensions of Propaganda: Technological, Doctrinal, and Organisational Shifts in Authoritarian Strategic Communication 4. Deliberation and Destructive Polarisation in Social Media Part II: Challenges 5. Studying Social Media and Politics: What Is ‘Social’ about Our Research? 6. Can African Feminist Philosophy Inform a Holistic Multilateral Approach to Governing Social Media? 7. The Global Village Is Here, Just Not Like We Expected: Transnational Politics on Social Media and the Rise of Networked Cosmopolitanism 8. Alt-Platformisation: Evolution of Fringe Communication and Political Discourses Through and with the Web 9. Hyperconnectivity, Not Isolation: Why Concerns about ‘Echo Chambers’ and ‘Filter Bubbles’ Address the Wrong Problem 10. Authenticity in the Age of AI: Beyond the Alarmist Deepfake Discourse Part III: Policies 11. The Truth-Keeping Moment: The Rise and Fall of Platform-Supported Fact-Checking 12. Public Speech, Private Governance, Public Values? Platform Policies on Political Advertising 13. Who Do Parties Target? Worldwide Evidence on Political Microtargeting 14. Social Media Data Access in the Post-API Age 15. Computational Infrastructures for the Collection and Study of Digital Platform-Based Political Advertising 16. When Private Affords Public: Politics on Platforms or Platforms for Politics? Part IV: Problems 17. Restating the State? Social Media Propaganda and the State–Non-State Nexus 18. The Influencer Theatre: Participatory Disinformation in the Influencer Era 19. Navigating Coordination and Inauthentic Behaviour: Challenges and Innovations in Social Media Detection 20. Populism Across Two Continents: Assessing the Use of Populist Communication Styles on Facebook across Ten Countries 21. Harmful Visual Humour on Far-Right Social Media: Generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Reactionary Memes Part V: Platforms 22. So Long Twitter, and Thanks for All the Tweets 23. Digital Public Opinion in China: Weibo Discourses from COVID-19 and Beyond 24. Instagram and Politics: A Systematic Literature Review 25. Locating WhatsApp in Indian Politics: History, Media Ecology, and Ideology 26. Telegram as a Developing Political Actor: Conceptualising Platform Actorness 27. Play, Protest, Repeat: Conceptualising Playful Activism on TikTok 28. Memetic Politics on TikTok: Key Ideas, Considerations, and a Tanghulu Case Study Part VI: Possibilities 29. Busting the Myth of ‘Leaderless’ Movements: Crowd-Enabled Elites in Digitally Networked Activism 30. Digital Resistance under Authoritarianism: A Comparative Study of Activist Publics Across Five Countries 31. Participatory War and Social Media: Discursive, Material, and Ethical Dimensions 32. Who Wins the Engagement Race? Examining Normalisation and Equalisation Theories across 12 Ibero-American Countries