Risk and Crisis Communication in Europe

Audra Diers-Lawson is a Professor of Risk and Crisis Communication and Director of the PhD in Communication and Leadership at Kristiania University College. She wrote Crisis Communication: Managing Stakeholder Relationships and co-edited Pandemic Communication. She has collaborated with colleagues with the Asia Europe Foundation, WHO, and EU and currently serves as a member of the WHO Europe’s Technical Advisory Group for Risk Communication, Community Engagement, and Infodemic Management.Andreas Schwarz (PhD, TU Ilmenau, 2009) is senior researcher in risk and crisis communication at Technische Universität Ilmenau, Germany, is co-director of the International Research Group on Crisis Communication, and founding chair of the Crisis Communication Section of the European Communication Research and Education Association (ECREA), 2011–2018. Schwarz has received research grants to study risk communication of COVID-19, crisis communication of child protective services and nonprofit organizations, and perceptions of artificial intelligence or automated mobility. He is co-editor of the Handbook of International Crisis Communication Research.Florian Meissner is Professor for Media Management and Journalism at Macromedia University of Applied Sciences. He serves as Chair of the Crisis Communication Section of ECREA. His research focuses on crisis and risk communication in both journalistic and social media. As one of the Principal Investigators in the research consortium “DigiFit”, funded by the German Federal Government, he currently focuses on communication about digital security. He has practical work experience as a journalist for public broadcasters in Germany.Silvia Ravazzani, PhD, is Associate Professor in Management at the Department of Business, Law, Economics and Consumer Behaviour at Università IULM in Italy. Her main research interests include crisis communication, social media, and employee communication. Other research areas relate to diversity management and inclusion, sustainability, and related discursive practices.

• IntroductionPart 1: An Evolving Field – Risk and Crisis Communication in EuropeChapter 1: A Multi-Motive Risk Communication Model for “Making” Crisis Preparedness Chapter 2: Marrying Crisis Preparation and Strategic Planning: Definitions and Challenges in Business Practice Chapter 3: “Sharing is Preparing”: The Role of Information-Sharing in Collective Crisis Sensemaking During the July 22 Terror Attack in Oslo Chapter 4: A Caring Framework for Crises and Disasters Chapter 5: The Agents of Resilience: Generativity and Durability of Digital Platforms in Crisis-to-Crisis Transition Chapter 6: Bridging theory and practice through crisis simulation: A framework designed to address the current development of risk assessment and crisis communication in Romania Chapter 7: Coordination in Multi-Crises: The German Aviation Industry Chapter 8: The Arcadia Crisis Postmortem: Lessons Learned for the Fashion Industry in Stakeholder Relationship Management and Value Co-Creation Chapter 9: Managing a Legitimacy Crisis: Airline Sensemaking in the Context of Flight Shame Part 2: Lessons Learned from COVID-19 for Risk and Crisis Communication in EuropeChapter 10: Translating Research to Practice: Identifying Best Practice in Pandemic Communication Chapter 11: Communication Inequality of Ethnic Groups in Public Health Crisis: State of the Art and Model of Community-Based Crisis Response Chapter 12: How to do Evidence-Informed Risk Communication During an Emergency: Experiences from a Pandemic Chapter 13: The Role of Culture in Risk and Crisis Communication Management: The Case of Switzerland and the Governmental Communication during the COVID-19 Pandemic Chapter 14: The Finnish Government’s Strategic Ambiguity in COVID-19 Pandemic Communication: A Case Study Chapter 15: The COVID-19 Pandemic in the Polish and British Media: A Content Analysis Chapter 16: Information Seeking Repertoires in Migrant-Dense Swedish Suburbs During the COVID-19 Pandemic Chapter 17: Understanding What is at Stake: Challenges and Opportunities for Corporate Communication during the COVID-19 Crisis Chapter 18: Internal Crisis Communication and the COVID-19 Pandemic: Heading Towards a New Future? Chapter 19: COVID-19 Communication in Portugal: Exploring the Relationships Between Sources of Information and Citizens’ Trust in Governmental Risk and Crisis Communication