Tine Munk is a Senior Lecturer in the Criminology and Criminal Justice Department at Nottingham Trent University, UK. Tine predominantly teaches and researches cybercrime and cybersecurity. Her overarching research interest is cybercrimes in a political context, focusing on these crimes’ power, responses, and impacts.

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• Chapter 1. IntroductionChapter 2. Tensions and False Justifications: Escalation of EventsChapter 3. War and Warfare: The Online Environment as a Facilitator for WarChapter 4. Memetic War: Resistance and ActorsChapter 5. Memetic Warfare: Communication as a WeaponChapter 6. Concluding Remarks – Strategic Considerations

Tine Munk is a Senior Lecturer in the Criminology and Criminal Justice Department at Nottingham Trent University, UK. Tine predominantly teaches and researches cybercrime and cybersecurity. Her overarching research interest is cybercrimes in a political context, focusing on these crimes’ power, responses, and impacts.

Select Guide Rating

• Chapter 1. IntroductionChapter 2. Tensions and False Justifications: Escalation of EventsChapter 3. War and Warfare: The Online Environment as a Facilitator for WarChapter 4. Memetic War: Resistance and ActorsChapter 5. Memetic Warfare: Communication as a WeaponChapter 6. Concluding Remarks – Strategic Considerations

Tine Munk is a Senior Lecturer in the Criminology and Criminal Justice Department at Nottingham Trent University, UK. Tine predominantly teaches and researches cybercrime and cybersecurity. Her overarching research interest is cybercrimes in a political context, focusing on these crimes’ power, responses, and impacts.

Select Guide Rating

• Chapter 1. IntroductionChapter 2. Tensions and False Justifications: Escalation of EventsChapter 3. War and Warfare: The Online Environment as a Facilitator for WarChapter 4. Memetic War: Resistance and ActorsChapter 5. Memetic Warfare: Communication as a WeaponChapter 6. Concluding Remarks – Strategic Considerations