Carbon-Based Nanomaterials for Sustainable and Technological Applications

Prof. Loutfy H. Madkour is a Professor of Physical chemistry, Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Egypt.

• 1. Comprehensive Study of Carbon Nanomaterials–Based Nanostructured Materials: Potential for Technological and Industrial Applications1.1. Background of Carbon-Based Nanostructured Materials 1.2. History of Carbon Nanotube Composites 1.3. Characterization of CNTs1.4. Classification of the Categories Carbon Nanotubes Types and Their Properties 1.5. Different Allotropes of Carbon Related to Devices1.6. Basic Structure and Morphology Features of CNTs1.7. Production and Workplace Exposure to CNTS1.8. Synthesis of Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs)1.9. Growth Mechanism of Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) 1.10. Methods of Purification and Dispersion of Carbon Nanotubes1.11. Limitations and Modification (Functionalization) 1.12. Drug Loading Mechanism and Cellular Uptake of CNTs1.13. Uptake of CNTs by Cell1.14. Breakdown Mechanism of CNTs in the Body1.15. Toxicity of CNTs1.16. Different Impressive Properties of Carbon Nanotubes1.17. Advantage and Disadvantage of Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) 1.18. Administration of Carbon Nanotubes1.19. Examples of Medical andTherapeutics Applications for Carbon Nanotubes 1.20. Applications of Graphene 1.21. Conclusions2. Progression in Synthesis Processing and Growth Mechanism of Carbon Nanomaterials for Advanced Macro-Scale Applications 2.1. Production and Main Processing Synthesis Methods of Carbon Nanotubes2.2. Electric Arc Discharge Method2.3. Laser Ablation Method2.4. Purification of CNTs2.5. Chemical Vapor–Phase Growth Production Deposition Method (CVD)2.6. Vapor–Phase Growth Production Method2.7. Other Emerging Methods2.8. Experimental Reproducibility2.9. In Situ Growth Deposition of CNTs and 2D Material Synthesis on Fibers2.10. Substrate-Bound SWCNT Synthesis2.11. Vertically Aligned SWCNTs2.12. Recent Advances in Synthesis of Boron Nitride Nanotubes (BNNTs) Growth2.13. Influence of Precursor Gas Chemistry2.14. Recent Trends in the Synthesis of CNTs2.15. Methods of Carbon Nanotube-Based Fibers Production2.16. Nanostructured Energy Materials in Fibers2.17. Processing and Applications of Novel Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs)2.18. Synthesis of Fullerenes2.19. Methods of Graphene Preparation2.20. Synthesis and Tuning Strategies of GQDs2.21. Regulation Properties of GQDs3. Bionanotechnological Applications of Fullerene (C60)-Based Modified Development Imaging and Biosensing Devices 3.1. Introduction3.2. Fullerenes, Their Properties and Production3.3. Synthesis Methods of C60 Fullerene3.4. Functionalization of Fullerene3.5. Toxicity and Biocompatibility Evaluation of Fullerenes3.6. Types of Fullerenes and Their Specific Uses (C60, C70, Fullerenols)3.7. Uses of Fullerene3.8. Fullerene in Biomedical Applications and Its Role in Drug Delivery3.9. Other Biomedical Applications3.10. Applications of Fullerenes in Biosensors3.11. Modification of Electrodes with Fullerenes3.12. Fullerene-Based Modified Sensors and Biosensors3.13. Fullerene-Based Polymers3.14. Conclusions and Future Prospective4. Computational Simulation Optimization and Pharmaceutical Role of CNTs-Based Development of New Target Drug Delivery Systems (DDSs) for Enhance Efficacy in Anticancer Therapy4.1. CNTs on Molecular Dynamics Simulation-Based Development of New Drug Delivery Systems4.2. Structural Properties and Functionalization of CNTs4.3. Interactions of Carbon Nanotubes with the Cell Membrane4.4. Molecular Dynamics Simulation of CNT–Cell Membrane Interactions 4.5. Computational Aspects of Solvent and Co-Solvent Effects on the Interaction of Flutamide as Anticancer Drug Delivery System with CNT4.6. DFT Interaction of Flutamide Drug with COOH- and COCl-Functionalized CNTs4.7. Molecular Dynamics Simulation Study of the Functionalized CNTs to Enhance the Efficacy of the Anticancer Drug Paclitaxel4.8. Computational Simulation Study of CNT as a Carrier in Drug Delivery System for Carnosine Dipeptide4.9. Computational Study of Leflunomide on the SWCNT and SWBNNT4.10. Concluding Remarks5. Cutting-Edge Nanobiotechnology in Advanced Drug Delivery Nanosystems for CNTs, Fullerenes, NDs, and Graphene-Based Materials 5.1. Introduction5.2. Carbon Nanotubes-Based Drug Delivery 5.3. Graphene/Graphene Oxide/Reduced Graphene Oxide 5.4. Graphene Quantum Dots (GQDs)5.5. Fullerenes Composition5.6. Nanodiamonds (NDs)–Based Drug Delivery5.7. Carbon Nano-Onions (CNOs)–Based Drug Delivery5.8. Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs)–Based Advanced Dermal Therapeutics 5.9. Toxicity Concerns for Carbon-Based Nanomaterials5.10. Computational Investigations of Fixed–Free and Fixed–Fixed Types of SWCNT Mass Sensing Biosensor5.11. Conclusions5.12. Future Perspectives6. Bright Future of Carbon Nanomaterials for Cancer Nanomedicine-Based Enzyme Immobilization Conjugates 6.1. Introduction6.2. Nanozymes to CNM-Enzyme Conjugates6.3. CNMs for Enzyme Mimicry, Inhibition, or Monitoring6.4. Applications of CNM-Enzyme Conjugates6.5. Enzymatic Biodegradation of CNMs6.6. CNT based high-κ dielectric Ion Sensitive Field Effect Transistor Based Cholesterol Biosensor6.7. Bright future of Carbon dots for cancer nanomedicine 6.8. Bright Future in the Fabrication of Portable Kits in Analytical Systems6.9. Conclusions and Future Perspectives7. CNMs—Based Developed Biosensors for Rapid Technologies Detection Antiviral Infection and Management Coronavirus Biomarkers7.1. Background7.2. Viral infection and nanomaterials7.3. Graphene oxide-based fluorescent nanosensor to identify antiviral agents via a drug repurposing screen7.4. Carbon nanomaterial, and its derivatives as nanobiosensors versus COVID-197.5. Smart nanomaterials for biosensing technologies and their consequences7.6. Strategies to Enhance the Biosensor Performance 7.7. Emerging nanomaterials-based biosensor for SARS-CoV-2 detection7.8. Carbon nanotubes in protection and biosensing applications7.9. Carbon –based nanomaterials for the management of virus7.10. Rapid and label-free detection of H5N1 virus using carbon nanotube network field effect transistor7.11. How the Coronavirus Infects Our Cells?7.12. Life Cycle of the Pandemic Coronavirus7.13. Latest Developed Biosensors for COVID-197.14. (CNT-FET)-based biosensor for rapid detection of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19)7.15. Functional Carbon Quantum Dots as Medical Countermeasures to Human Coronavirus7.16. 3D-printed graphene polylactic acid devices resistant to SARS-CoV-27.17. Conclusion and Perspective8. Insights on Carbon—Based Nanomaterials as Smart Nanosystems Platform for Cancer Theranostics Sustainable Technology 8.1. Background8.2. Functionalization Methods of carbon nanotubes 8.3. Tumor microenvironment (TME) and opportunities8.4. Carbon nanotubes for tumor microenvironment targeting8.5. Stimuli responsive intelligent nanomaterial in cancer theranostics8.6. Progress of Smart Nanoparticles Based Theranostics8.7. Physical and chemical properties responsive nanomaterials8.8. Synthesis of Nanomaterials8.9. Classification of Nanomaterials 8.10. Recent Trends of Nanomaterials in Cancer Theranostics 8.11. Carbon nanotubes in cancer treatment8.12. Carbon nanotubes in cancer diagnosis8.13. CNTs in cancer imaging8.14. CNTs in nanobiosensors8.15. Multi-responsive intelligent nanomaterials8.16. Toxicological effects of nanomaterials8.17. Current Technological Challenges and Limitations of Effective Theranostics8.18. Global Opportunities of Smart Nanomaterials in Next Generation Cancer Theranostics8.19. Advantages, challenges, and outlooks of nanomaterials8.20. Conclusions and future prospectList of abbreviationsReferencesIndex