This innovative Research Handbook explores how anthropological perspectives can help us to understand education in diverse contexts, providing an overview of recent research, current challenges and future directions in the field. Expert contributors examine how cultural practices, knowledge, meaning systems and historical traditions shape learning and teaching experiences around the world.Bringing together emerging and established scholars, this Handbook illustrates anthropologically-oriented practices and methods for researching the complexity, heterogeneity and diversity of contexts for learning and education. It explores the ongoing modification of traditional practices in response to emerging theoretical and ethical concerns such as critical race theory and feminist theory, as well as the impact of new AI technologies. The Handbook encompasses key topics of educational justice, inequality and policy, examining challenges to conventional practices and methods and offering new directions and innovative forms of representation.The Research Handbook on the Anthropology of Education is an essential resource for educational scholars, particularly those with an interest in educational anthropology and comparative education more broadly. It will also be useful for students and academics in the sociology of education, qualitative research methods and interdisciplinary research.