Meike Sophia Baader, University of Hildesheim, Germany Chiara Bertone, University of East Piedmont, Italy Eva-Maria Hohnerlein, Max Planck Institute for Social Law and Social Policy, Germany Michael-Sebastian Honig, University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg Franz-Michael Konrad, University of Eichstätt-Ingolstadt, Germany Arnlaug Leira, University of Oslo, Norway Jean-Noël Luc, University of Paris, France Sonya Michel, University of Maryland, USA Kristen Nawrotzki, University of Education, Germany Pamela Oberhuemer, State Institute of Early Childhood Research, Germany Larry Prochner, University of Alberta, Canada Carmen Sanchidrián, University of Málaga, Spain Kirsten Scheiwe, University of Hildesheim, Germany Anett Schmitz, University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg Harry Willekens, University of Hildesheim, Germany Martine Wiltzius, University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg

“The volume offers a panoramic view of a complex process, showing a variety of economic, social, pedagogical and sanitary goals, revealing the political tensions and struggles that took part in the reconfiguration of public and private spaces and jurisdictions towards the construction of national states.” (Beatriz Alcubierre Moya, Paedagogica Historica, April 30, 2019)“Each chapter stands out as a helpful introduction to a particular topic in ECE and public child care, and an introductory chapter creates links between most of them. … It makes a major contribution both to the history of ECE and to the public understanding of social projects as integral instruments of social change. Moreover, it is a rich compendium of ideas that bring us a valuable synthesis of questions that have long required attention but remained untouched … .” (Yordanka Valkanova, History of Education, Vol. 46 (3), 2017)

• 1. Introduction: The Longue Durée: Early Childhood Institutions and Ideas in Flux; Harry Willekens, Kirsten Scheiwe and Kristen Nawrotzki2. The Spread of Infant School Models in Europe during the First Half of the Nineteenth Century; Jean-Noël Luc3. Religious Cleavages, the School Struggle and the Development of Early Childhood Education in Belgium, France and the Netherlands; Harry Willekens4. Development and Diffusion of Early Childhood Education in Italy: Reflections on the Role of the Church from a Historical Perspective (1830-2010); Eva Maria Hohnerlein5. The Roles of the State and the Church in the Development of Early Childhood Education in Spain (1874-1975); (5) Carmen Sanchidrián6. From Poverty Relief to Universl Provision: The Changing Grounds for Child Care Policy Reforms in Norway; Arnlaug Leira7. Split Paths: Early Childhood Education and Care in the Federal Republic of Germany and the German Democratic Republic (1949-1990); Franz-Michael Konrad8. Saving Money of Saving Children? Nursery Schools in England the USA; Kristen Nawrotzki9. Towards Early Childhood Education as a Social Right: A Historical and Comparative Perspective; Kirsten Scheiwe10. Professional Profiles in Early Childhood Education and Care: Continuity and Change in Europe; Pamela Oberhuemer11. Modernising Early Childhood Education: The Role of German's Women's Movements After 1848 and 1968; Meike S. Baader12. Women's Activism on Child Care in Italy and Denmark: The 1960s and 1970s; Chiara Bertone13. Early Education and the Unloved Market of Commercial Child Care in Luxembourg; Michael-Sebastian Honig, Anett Schmitz and Martine Wiltzius14. Preschool, Child Care and Welfare Reform in the United States; Sonya Michel15. The History of Kindergarten as New Education: Examples from the United States and Canada, 1890 to 1920; Larry Prochner

Meike Sophia Baader, University of Hildesheim, Germany Chiara Bertone, University of East Piedmont, Italy Eva-Maria Hohnerlein, Max Planck Institute for Social Law and Social Policy, Germany Michael-Sebastian Honig, University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg Franz-Michael Konrad, University of Eichstätt-Ingolstadt, Germany Arnlaug Leira, University of Oslo, Norway Jean-Noël Luc, University of Paris, France Sonya Michel, University of Maryland, USA Kristen Nawrotzki, University of Education, Germany Pamela Oberhuemer, State Institute of Early Childhood Research, Germany Larry Prochner, University of Alberta, Canada Carmen Sanchidrián, University of Málaga, Spain Kirsten Scheiwe, University of Hildesheim, Germany Anett Schmitz, University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg Harry Willekens, University of Hildesheim, Germany Martine Wiltzius, University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg

“The volume offers a panoramic view of a complex process, showing a variety of economic, social, pedagogical and sanitary goals, revealing the political tensions and struggles that took part in the reconfiguration of public and private spaces and jurisdictions towards the construction of national states.” (Beatriz Alcubierre Moya, Paedagogica Historica, April 30, 2019)“Each chapter stands out as a helpful introduction to a particular topic in ECE and public child care, and an introductory chapter creates links between most of them. … It makes a major contribution both to the history of ECE and to the public understanding of social projects as integral instruments of social change. Moreover, it is a rich compendium of ideas that bring us a valuable synthesis of questions that have long required attention but remained untouched … .” (Yordanka Valkanova, History of Education, Vol. 46 (3), 2017)

• 1. Introduction: The Longue Durée: Early Childhood Institutions and Ideas in Flux; Harry Willekens, Kirsten Scheiwe and Kristen Nawrotzki2. The Spread of Infant School Models in Europe during the First Half of the Nineteenth Century; Jean-Noël Luc3. Religious Cleavages, the School Struggle and the Development of Early Childhood Education in Belgium, France and the Netherlands; Harry Willekens4. Development and Diffusion of Early Childhood Education in Italy: Reflections on the Role of the Church from a Historical Perspective (1830-2010); Eva Maria Hohnerlein5. The Roles of the State and the Church in the Development of Early Childhood Education in Spain (1874-1975); (5) Carmen Sanchidrián6. From Poverty Relief to Universl Provision: The Changing Grounds for Child Care Policy Reforms in Norway; Arnlaug Leira7. Split Paths: Early Childhood Education and Care in the Federal Republic of Germany and the German Democratic Republic (1949-1990); Franz-Michael Konrad8. Saving Money of Saving Children? Nursery Schools in England the USA; Kristen Nawrotzki9. Towards Early Childhood Education as a Social Right: A Historical and Comparative Perspective; Kirsten Scheiwe10. Professional Profiles in Early Childhood Education and Care: Continuity and Change in Europe; Pamela Oberhuemer11. Modernising Early Childhood Education: The Role of German's Women's Movements After 1848 and 1968; Meike S. Baader12. Women's Activism on Child Care in Italy and Denmark: The 1960s and 1970s; Chiara Bertone13. Early Education and the Unloved Market of Commercial Child Care in Luxembourg; Michael-Sebastian Honig, Anett Schmitz and Martine Wiltzius14. Preschool, Child Care and Welfare Reform in the United States; Sonya Michel15. The History of Kindergarten as New Education: Examples from the United States and Canada, 1890 to 1920; Larry Prochner

Meike Sophia Baader, University of Hildesheim, Germany Chiara Bertone, University of East Piedmont, Italy Eva-Maria Hohnerlein, Max Planck Institute for Social Law and Social Policy, Germany Michael-Sebastian Honig, University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg Franz-Michael Konrad, University of Eichstätt-Ingolstadt, Germany Arnlaug Leira, University of Oslo, Norway Jean-Noël Luc, University of Paris, France Sonya Michel, University of Maryland, USA Kristen Nawrotzki, University of Education, Germany Pamela Oberhuemer, State Institute of Early Childhood Research, Germany Larry Prochner, University of Alberta, Canada Carmen Sanchidrián, University of Málaga, Spain Kirsten Scheiwe, University of Hildesheim, Germany Anett Schmitz, University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg Harry Willekens, University of Hildesheim, Germany Martine Wiltzius, University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg

“The volume offers a panoramic view of a complex process, showing a variety of economic, social, pedagogical and sanitary goals, revealing the political tensions and struggles that took part in the reconfiguration of public and private spaces and jurisdictions towards the construction of national states.” (Beatriz Alcubierre Moya, Paedagogica Historica, April 30, 2019)“Each chapter stands out as a helpful introduction to a particular topic in ECE and public child care, and an introductory chapter creates links between most of them. … It makes a major contribution both to the history of ECE and to the public understanding of social projects as integral instruments of social change. Moreover, it is a rich compendium of ideas that bring us a valuable synthesis of questions that have long required attention but remained untouched … .” (Yordanka Valkanova, History of Education, Vol. 46 (3), 2017)

• 1. Introduction: The Longue Durée: Early Childhood Institutions and Ideas in Flux; Harry Willekens, Kirsten Scheiwe and Kristen Nawrotzki2. The Spread of Infant School Models in Europe during the First Half of the Nineteenth Century; Jean-Noël Luc3. Religious Cleavages, the School Struggle and the Development of Early Childhood Education in Belgium, France and the Netherlands; Harry Willekens4. Development and Diffusion of Early Childhood Education in Italy: Reflections on the Role of the Church from a Historical Perspective (1830-2010); Eva Maria Hohnerlein5. The Roles of the State and the Church in the Development of Early Childhood Education in Spain (1874-1975); (5) Carmen Sanchidrián6. From Poverty Relief to Universl Provision: The Changing Grounds for Child Care Policy Reforms in Norway; Arnlaug Leira7. Split Paths: Early Childhood Education and Care in the Federal Republic of Germany and the German Democratic Republic (1949-1990); Franz-Michael Konrad8. Saving Money of Saving Children? Nursery Schools in England the USA; Kristen Nawrotzki9. Towards Early Childhood Education as a Social Right: A Historical and Comparative Perspective; Kirsten Scheiwe10. Professional Profiles in Early Childhood Education and Care: Continuity and Change in Europe; Pamela Oberhuemer11. Modernising Early Childhood Education: The Role of German's Women's Movements After 1848 and 1968; Meike S. Baader12. Women's Activism on Child Care in Italy and Denmark: The 1960s and 1970s; Chiara Bertone13. Early Education and the Unloved Market of Commercial Child Care in Luxembourg; Michael-Sebastian Honig, Anett Schmitz and Martine Wiltzius14. Preschool, Child Care and Welfare Reform in the United States; Sonya Michel15. The History of Kindergarten as New Education: Examples from the United States and Canada, 1890 to 1920; Larry Prochner