STUART BLUME Professor of Science Dynamics in the Department of Sociology and Anthropology, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands ROBERT BUD Principal Curator of Medicine at the London Science Museum, UKCHRISTOPHER CRENNER Associate Professor and Chair of the Department of the History and Philosophy of Medicine and Internal Medicine at the University of Kansas School of Medicine, USANEIL HANDLEY Curator of the British Optical Association Museum at the College of Optometrists in London, UKFLIS HENSWOOD Reader in Social Informatics at the University of Brighton, UKPATRIK HIDEFJÄLL Marketing Director, Gothia MedicalTHOMAS P. HUGHES Mellon Professor Emeritus of the History of Science at the University of Pennsylvania and Distinguished Visiting Professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USAGERALD KUTCHER Dean's Professor of the History of Medicine, The State University of New York, Binghamton, USACHRISTOPHE LÉCUYER Research Historian and Program Manager at the Chemical Heritage FoundationJOHN V. PICKSTONE Research Professor in the Centre for the History of Science, Technology and Medicine (CHSTM), University of Manchester, UK JONATHAN REINARZ Lecturer at the Centre for the History of Medicine at Birmingham Medical School, UKPETER L. TWOHIG Canada Research Chair and Associate Professor at Saint Mary's University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, CanadaTAKAHIRO UEYAMA Professor in the Faculty of Economics at Sophia University in Tokyo, Japan SALLYWYATT Amsterdam School of Communications Research (ASCoR), University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands

'An excellent introduction to current historical approaches and subjects in the continuing interaction of medicine and technology.' - Susan E. Lederer, The British Journal for the History of Science 'This is a rich collection with many satisfying and thought-provoking articles that should engage not just historians interested in technology but anyone concerned with modern medicine, its origins and implications.' - Jane Seymour, Wellcome History

• Preface; T.P.Hughes Introduction: Devices, Designs and the History of Technology in Medicine; C.Timmermann & J.Anderson PART 1: TECHNICAL INNOVATION AND THE EMERGING ECONOMIES OF MODERN MEDICINE Bones in Lancashire: Towards Long-term Contextual Analysis of Medical Technology; J.V.Pickstone Mechanising Medicine: Medical Innovations and the Birmingham Voluntary Hospitals in the Nineteenth Century; J.Reinarz Private Laboratories and Medical Expertise in Boston circa 1900; C.Crenner Innovating Expertise: X-ray and Laboratory Workers in the Canadian Hospital, 1920-1950; P.L.Twohig PART II: CONTEXT, CONTINGENCY AND THE LIFE STORIES OF TECHNOLOGIES Artificial Eyes and the Artificialisation of the Human Face; N.Handley 'Biotronik': 40 Years of German Entrepreneurship in Medical Technology; P.Hidefjäll Building Science-based Medicine at Stanford: Henry Kaplan and the Medical Linear Accelerator, 1948-1975; T.Ueyama & C.Lécruyer Hexamethonium, Hypertension, and Pharmaceutical Innovation: The Transformation of an Experimental Drug in Post-war Britain; C.Timmermann Greenhouses and Body Suits: The Challenge to Knowledge in Early Hip Replacement Surgery 1960-1982; J.Anderson PART III: EXPECTATIONS, OUTCOMES AND ENDPOINTS From Epidemic to Scandal: The Politicization of Antibiotic Resistance, 1957-69; R.Bud Cancer Clinical Trials and the Transfer of Medical Knowledge: Metrology, Contestation and Local Practice; G.Kutcher 'The Best Bones in the Graveyard': Risky Technologies and Risks in Knowledge; S.Wyatt & F.Henswood The Politics of Endpoints; S.Blume

STUART BLUME Professor of Science Dynamics in the Department of Sociology and Anthropology, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands ROBERT BUD Principal Curator of Medicine at the London Science Museum, UKCHRISTOPHER CRENNER Associate Professor and Chair of the Department of the History and Philosophy of Medicine and Internal Medicine at the University of Kansas School of Medicine, USANEIL HANDLEY Curator of the British Optical Association Museum at the College of Optometrists in London, UKFLIS HENSWOOD Reader in Social Informatics at the University of Brighton, UKPATRIK HIDEFJÄLL Marketing Director, Gothia MedicalTHOMAS P. HUGHES Mellon Professor Emeritus of the History of Science at the University of Pennsylvania and Distinguished Visiting Professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USAGERALD KUTCHER Dean's Professor of the History of Medicine, The State University of New York, Binghamton, USACHRISTOPHE LÉCUYER Research Historian and Program Manager at the Chemical Heritage FoundationJOHN V. PICKSTONE Research Professor in the Centre for the History of Science, Technology and Medicine (CHSTM), University of Manchester, UK JONATHAN REINARZ Lecturer at the Centre for the History of Medicine at Birmingham Medical School, UKPETER L. TWOHIG Canada Research Chair and Associate Professor at Saint Mary's University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, CanadaTAKAHIRO UEYAMA Professor in the Faculty of Economics at Sophia University in Tokyo, Japan SALLYWYATT Amsterdam School of Communications Research (ASCoR), University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands

'An excellent introduction to current historical approaches and subjects in the continuing interaction of medicine and technology.' - Susan E. Lederer, The British Journal for the History of Science 'This is a rich collection with many satisfying and thought-provoking articles that should engage not just historians interested in technology but anyone concerned with modern medicine, its origins and implications.' - Jane Seymour, Wellcome History

• Preface; T.P.Hughes Introduction: Devices, Designs and the History of Technology in Medicine; C.Timmermann & J.Anderson PART 1: TECHNICAL INNOVATION AND THE EMERGING ECONOMIES OF MODERN MEDICINE Bones in Lancashire: Towards Long-term Contextual Analysis of Medical Technology; J.V.Pickstone Mechanising Medicine: Medical Innovations and the Birmingham Voluntary Hospitals in the Nineteenth Century; J.Reinarz Private Laboratories and Medical Expertise in Boston circa 1900; C.Crenner Innovating Expertise: X-ray and Laboratory Workers in the Canadian Hospital, 1920-1950; P.L.Twohig PART II: CONTEXT, CONTINGENCY AND THE LIFE STORIES OF TECHNOLOGIES Artificial Eyes and the Artificialisation of the Human Face; N.Handley 'Biotronik': 40 Years of German Entrepreneurship in Medical Technology; P.Hidefjäll Building Science-based Medicine at Stanford: Henry Kaplan and the Medical Linear Accelerator, 1948-1975; T.Ueyama & C.Lécruyer Hexamethonium, Hypertension, and Pharmaceutical Innovation: The Transformation of an Experimental Drug in Post-war Britain; C.Timmermann Greenhouses and Body Suits: The Challenge to Knowledge in Early Hip Replacement Surgery 1960-1982; J.Anderson PART III: EXPECTATIONS, OUTCOMES AND ENDPOINTS From Epidemic to Scandal: The Politicization of Antibiotic Resistance, 1957-69; R.Bud Cancer Clinical Trials and the Transfer of Medical Knowledge: Metrology, Contestation and Local Practice; G.Kutcher 'The Best Bones in the Graveyard': Risky Technologies and Risks in Knowledge; S.Wyatt & F.Henswood The Politics of Endpoints; S.Blume

STUART BLUME Professor of Science Dynamics in the Department of Sociology and Anthropology, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands ROBERT BUD Principal Curator of Medicine at the London Science Museum, UKCHRISTOPHER CRENNER Associate Professor and Chair of the Department of the History and Philosophy of Medicine and Internal Medicine at the University of Kansas School of Medicine, USANEIL HANDLEY Curator of the British Optical Association Museum at the College of Optometrists in London, UKFLIS HENSWOOD Reader in Social Informatics at the University of Brighton, UKPATRIK HIDEFJÄLL Marketing Director, Gothia MedicalTHOMAS P. HUGHES Mellon Professor Emeritus of the History of Science at the University of Pennsylvania and Distinguished Visiting Professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USAGERALD KUTCHER Dean's Professor of the History of Medicine, The State University of New York, Binghamton, USACHRISTOPHE LÉCUYER Research Historian and Program Manager at the Chemical Heritage FoundationJOHN V. PICKSTONE Research Professor in the Centre for the History of Science, Technology and Medicine (CHSTM), University of Manchester, UK JONATHAN REINARZ Lecturer at the Centre for the History of Medicine at Birmingham Medical School, UKPETER L. TWOHIG Canada Research Chair and Associate Professor at Saint Mary's University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, CanadaTAKAHIRO UEYAMA Professor in the Faculty of Economics at Sophia University in Tokyo, Japan SALLYWYATT Amsterdam School of Communications Research (ASCoR), University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands

'An excellent introduction to current historical approaches and subjects in the continuing interaction of medicine and technology.' - Susan E. Lederer, The British Journal for the History of Science 'This is a rich collection with many satisfying and thought-provoking articles that should engage not just historians interested in technology but anyone concerned with modern medicine, its origins and implications.' - Jane Seymour, Wellcome History

• Preface; T.P.Hughes Introduction: Devices, Designs and the History of Technology in Medicine; C.Timmermann & J.Anderson PART 1: TECHNICAL INNOVATION AND THE EMERGING ECONOMIES OF MODERN MEDICINE Bones in Lancashire: Towards Long-term Contextual Analysis of Medical Technology; J.V.Pickstone Mechanising Medicine: Medical Innovations and the Birmingham Voluntary Hospitals in the Nineteenth Century; J.Reinarz Private Laboratories and Medical Expertise in Boston circa 1900; C.Crenner Innovating Expertise: X-ray and Laboratory Workers in the Canadian Hospital, 1920-1950; P.L.Twohig PART II: CONTEXT, CONTINGENCY AND THE LIFE STORIES OF TECHNOLOGIES Artificial Eyes and the Artificialisation of the Human Face; N.Handley 'Biotronik': 40 Years of German Entrepreneurship in Medical Technology; P.Hidefjäll Building Science-based Medicine at Stanford: Henry Kaplan and the Medical Linear Accelerator, 1948-1975; T.Ueyama & C.Lécruyer Hexamethonium, Hypertension, and Pharmaceutical Innovation: The Transformation of an Experimental Drug in Post-war Britain; C.Timmermann Greenhouses and Body Suits: The Challenge to Knowledge in Early Hip Replacement Surgery 1960-1982; J.Anderson PART III: EXPECTATIONS, OUTCOMES AND ENDPOINTS From Epidemic to Scandal: The Politicization of Antibiotic Resistance, 1957-69; R.Bud Cancer Clinical Trials and the Transfer of Medical Knowledge: Metrology, Contestation and Local Practice; G.Kutcher 'The Best Bones in the Graveyard': Risky Technologies and Risks in Knowledge; S.Wyatt & F.Henswood The Politics of Endpoints; S.Blume