Shruti Kanga, PhD, is an assistant professor in the Centre for Land Resource Management, Central University of Jharkhand, Ranchi. Her main areas of interest include forest fire risk modeling and management, tourism, and resource management. She has attended and organized over 35 national and international conferences. She has over 12 years of teaching and research experience. She was also the course coordinator for different modules of the EDUSAT based distance learning program organized by the Indian Institute of Remote Sensing, ISRO Indian Space Research Organization, Government of India.Gowhar Meraj, PhD, works in the field of remote sensing, watershed management, hydrology, disaster risk assessment and mitigation, simulation modelling, and spatial analysis. He is the principal investigator of a Department of Science and Technology, Government of India sponsored research project where he assesses the impact of climate change on the critical ecosystem services of the Kashmir Valley. His work is with INVEST modelling for assessing sediment retention services, water yield services, and habitat quality in the Kashmir valley. He has more than 40 research publications.Suraj Kumar Singh, PhD, is an assistant professor at the Centre for Land Resource Management, Central University of Jharkhand, Ranchi. He over 12 years of teaching and research experience in the areas of waterlogging and flood hazards, geospatial applications in water resources, disaster management, hydrogeomorphology, urban planning, and wasteland mapping. He was previously a course coordinator for different modules of the EDUSAT based distance learning program organized by the Indian Institute of Remote Sensing, Indian Space Research Organization, Government of India.Majid Farooq, PhD, is a working scientist in the Department of Ecology, Environment and Remote Sensing, Government of Jammu and Kashmir, India. He has more than 15 years of experience in research, teaching, and consultancy related to remote sensing and GIS such as climate change vulnerability assessments, flood modeling, ecosystem assessment, watershed management, natural resource management, ecosystem services, and modeling.M. S. Nathawat, PhD, is a scientist of international repute. He has more than 150 publications in various international and national journals. His primary areas of research include remote sensing, natural resource management, environmental assessments, desertification, remote sensing and GIS, natural resources management, physical geography, regional and urban planning, environmental geomorphology, climate change and disaster management. He is also a member of expert committees in various national bodies.

• Preface xixAcknowledgements xxiIntroduction xxiii1 Hydro-Chemical Characterization and Geospatial Analysis of Groundwater for Drinking and Agriculture Usage in Bhandara District, Central India 1Nanabhau Kudnar, Nand Lal Kushwaha, Madiga Rajashekhar, Varun Narayan Mishra, Rongali Mahesh and Malkhan Singh Jatav1.1 Introduction 21.2 Study Area 31.3 Methodology 41.4 Results and Discussion 101.5 Conclusion 20References 212 Technology-Driven Approaches to Enhance Disaster Response and Recovery 25Chandni Kirpalani2.1 Introduction 282.3 Emergency Communication and Information Management 482.4 Geospatial Technologies for Situational Awareness 572.5 Data Analytics and Decision Support Systems 662.6 Conclusion 74References 793 Integrating Sustainable Development Goals with the Management of Natural and Technological Hazards and Disaster Risk Reduction 83Prateek Srivastava and Ambrina Sardar Khan3.1 Introduction 843.2 SD and SDGs 923.3 Conclusion 128References 1294 Hydrological and Morphometric Study of the Girna River Basin, Maharashtra Using Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques 133Pranaya Diwate, Ashish B Itolikar, Firoz Khan, Kunal Chinche and Pranali Kathe4.1 Introduction 1344.2 Study Area 1354.3 Database and Methodology 1364.4 Results and Discussion 1384.5 Conclusion 149Acknowledgments 150References 1505 A Geospatial Analysis of the Effect of Waste Disposal on Groundwater Quality in Ife North Local Government Area, Osun State, Nigeria 153J. O. Nwaezeigwe and T. A. Babatunde5.1 Introduction 1545.2 Study Area 1555.3 Materials and Methods 1565.4 Results and Discussion 158Conclusion 172References 1736 Enhancing Sustainable Natural Resource Management Through Innovative Use of Waste Materials in Concrete Production 177Saurabh Singh, Suraj Kumar Singh, Sujeet Kumar, Bhartendu Sajan and Gowhar Meraj6.1 Introduction 1786.2 Data Collection and Methodology 1806.3 Results and Analysis 1836.4 Conclusion 186References 1877 Dynamics of Land Use/Land Cover of Watershed Changes in Kolhapur District Maharashtra 189K.S. Kumbhar, Rishikesh Golekar and Pranaya Diwate7.1 Introduction 1907.2 Study Area 1917.3 Methodology 1927.4 Results and Discussion 1937.5 Conclusion 203References 2038 Formulation and Mapping of GIS-Based Smart Village Plan Using Drone Imagery 207Suraj Kumar Singh, Shruti Kanga, Sayeed Afridi, Bhartendu Sajan, Saurabh Singh and Gowhar Meraj8.1 Introduction 2088.2 Study Area 2118.3 Materials and Methods 2128.4 Results and Discussion 2208.5 Conclusion 234References 2359 Varanasi’s Land Mosaic: A Geospatial Analysis for Peri-Urban Area Planning and Management 237Nitish Kumar Singh, Vijay Kumar Baraik and Mahendra Singh Nathawat9.1 Introduction 2389.2 Description of Study Area, Data Source, and Methods 2399.3 Results and Discussion 2439.4 Conclusion 254References 25510 Human Resource Influences on Online Shopping Behavior: Factors, Preferences, and Satisfaction Among Consumers in North Bengal, India 259Subham Dey Sarkar, Sushmita Singh, Anuusua Poddar, Tuhin Dey Roy, Pranoy Dey and Arindam BasakIntroduction 260Influences of Human Resource on Online Shopping Behavior 263Database and Methodology 263Factor Analysis 265Importance-Performance Analysis 266Result 268Demographic Profile of Online Shopping Adopters and Non-Adopters 268Factors of Using Online Shopping 270Consumer Satisfaction on Online Shopping Attributes 275Discussion 279Conclusion 282References 28211 Tourism and Protected Areas in India—A Symbiotic Relationship 287Sagar Sood, Kesar Chand, Aditi Kohli, Shruti Kanga, Suraj Kumar Singh and Gowhar MerajIntroduction 288Methodology 289Conclusion 297References 29712 Diatoms from Indian Himalaya (Renuka Lake) Responses to 20th Century Global Warming and Climate Change 303Pranaya Diwate, Narendra Kumar Meena, Sundeep Pandita, Khayingshing Luirei, Sumedh Humane and Ravi Bhushan12.1 Introduction 30412.2 Study Area 30612.3 Material and Methods 30712.4 Results 30912.5 Discussion 31412.6 Conclusions 317Acknowledgments 318References 31813 Beas Basin Snow Area Health Monitoring Utilizing Remote Sensing with Elevation Zones and Aspect 321Roy K., Kant C. and Meena R.S.13.1 Introduction 32213.2 Materials and Methods 32313.3 Results and Discussions 32913.4 Conclusions 337Acknowledgments 338References 33814 Evaluation of Groundwater Potential Zones in Godavari Sub‐Basin Using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and GIS 343Manoj Pawar, Pavankumar Giri, Pranali Kathe and Pranaya Diwate14.1 Introduction 34414.2 Study Area and Location 34514.3 Material and Methodology 34614.4 Results and Discussion 34714.5 Conclusion 357References 35915 Analyzing the Trend of LULC Change Over Five Decades in Dhanbad District, Jharkhand (India) Using Geospatial Techniques 363Gaurav Chakrabarty, M.S. Nathawat and Suman Sinha15.1 Introduction 36415.2 Materials and Methods 36715.3 Results and Discussion 37515.4 Limitations and Future Scope 38615.5 Conclusion 386Acknowledgments 388References 38816 Assessing Land Susceptibility to Degradation and Sustainability Challenges for Siddharthnagar District, Uttar Pradesh 393Rajesh Kumar Abhay, Shweta Rani and Satish Kumar Saini16.1 Introduction 39416.2 Material and Methods 39616.3 Results and Discussion 39916.4 Spatial Disparities in Land Susceptibility to Degradation 40516.5 Conclusion 408Acknowledgments 409References 40917 Examining Socio-Economic Realities and Challenges in West Bengal’s Labor Force: A Case Study 411Arindam Mondal, Naina Sambher and D.D. Sharma17.1 Introduction 41217.2 Review of Literature 41317.3 Aims and Objectives 41517.4 Study Area 41517.5 Data Source and Methodology 41617.6 Analysis and Discussions 41717.7 Conclusions 422Acknowledgments 423Declaration of Conflicting Interests 423Funding 423References 42318 Reviving the Spiritual Heartland: Enhancing Cultural Tourism in Kushinagar Through SWOT Analysis 425Ankit Singh and Anjali Shukla18.1 Introduction 42618.2 Study Area 42718.3 Objectives 42718.4 Methodology 42918.5 Results and Discussion 43018.6 Conclusion and Recommendations 442References 445Index 449

Shruti Kanga, PhD, is an assistant professor in the Centre for Land Resource Management, Central University of Jharkhand, Ranchi. Her main areas of interest include forest fire risk modeling and management, tourism, and resource management. She has attended and organized over 35 national and international conferences. She has over 12 years of teaching and research experience. She was also the course coordinator for different modules of the EDUSAT based distance learning program organized by the Indian Institute of Remote Sensing, ISRO Indian Space Research Organization, Government of India.Gowhar Meraj, PhD, works in the field of remote sensing, watershed management, hydrology, disaster risk assessment and mitigation, simulation modelling, and spatial analysis. He is the principal investigator of a Department of Science and Technology, Government of India sponsored research project where he assesses the impact of climate change on the critical ecosystem services of the Kashmir Valley. His work is with INVEST modelling for assessing sediment retention services, water yield services, and habitat quality in the Kashmir valley. He has more than 40 research publications.Suraj Kumar Singh, PhD, is an assistant professor at the Centre for Land Resource Management, Central University of Jharkhand, Ranchi. He over 12 years of teaching and research experience in the areas of waterlogging and flood hazards, geospatial applications in water resources, disaster management, hydrogeomorphology, urban planning, and wasteland mapping. He was previously a course coordinator for different modules of the EDUSAT based distance learning program organized by the Indian Institute of Remote Sensing, Indian Space Research Organization, Government of India.Majid Farooq, PhD, is a working scientist in the Department of Ecology, Environment and Remote Sensing, Government of Jammu and Kashmir, India. He has more than 15 years of experience in research, teaching, and consultancy related to remote sensing and GIS such as climate change vulnerability assessments, flood modeling, ecosystem assessment, watershed management, natural resource management, ecosystem services, and modeling.M. S. Nathawat, PhD, is a scientist of international repute. He has more than 150 publications in various international and national journals. His primary areas of research include remote sensing, natural resource management, environmental assessments, desertification, remote sensing and GIS, natural resources management, physical geography, regional and urban planning, environmental geomorphology, climate change and disaster management. He is also a member of expert committees in various national bodies.

• Preface xixAcknowledgements xxiIntroduction xxiii1 Hydro-Chemical Characterization and Geospatial Analysis of Groundwater for Drinking and Agriculture Usage in Bhandara District, Central India 1Nanabhau Kudnar, Nand Lal Kushwaha, Madiga Rajashekhar, Varun Narayan Mishra, Rongali Mahesh and Malkhan Singh Jatav1.1 Introduction 21.2 Study Area 31.3 Methodology 41.4 Results and Discussion 101.5 Conclusion 20References 212 Technology-Driven Approaches to Enhance Disaster Response and Recovery 25Chandni Kirpalani2.1 Introduction 282.3 Emergency Communication and Information Management 482.4 Geospatial Technologies for Situational Awareness 572.5 Data Analytics and Decision Support Systems 662.6 Conclusion 74References 793 Integrating Sustainable Development Goals with the Management of Natural and Technological Hazards and Disaster Risk Reduction 83Prateek Srivastava and Ambrina Sardar Khan3.1 Introduction 843.2 SD and SDGs 923.3 Conclusion 128References 1294 Hydrological and Morphometric Study of the Girna River Basin, Maharashtra Using Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques 133Pranaya Diwate, Ashish B Itolikar, Firoz Khan, Kunal Chinche and Pranali Kathe4.1 Introduction 1344.2 Study Area 1354.3 Database and Methodology 1364.4 Results and Discussion 1384.5 Conclusion 149Acknowledgments 150References 1505 A Geospatial Analysis of the Effect of Waste Disposal on Groundwater Quality in Ife North Local Government Area, Osun State, Nigeria 153J. O. Nwaezeigwe and T. A. Babatunde5.1 Introduction 1545.2 Study Area 1555.3 Materials and Methods 1565.4 Results and Discussion 158Conclusion 172References 1736 Enhancing Sustainable Natural Resource Management Through Innovative Use of Waste Materials in Concrete Production 177Saurabh Singh, Suraj Kumar Singh, Sujeet Kumar, Bhartendu Sajan and Gowhar Meraj6.1 Introduction 1786.2 Data Collection and Methodology 1806.3 Results and Analysis 1836.4 Conclusion 186References 1877 Dynamics of Land Use/Land Cover of Watershed Changes in Kolhapur District Maharashtra 189K.S. Kumbhar, Rishikesh Golekar and Pranaya Diwate7.1 Introduction 1907.2 Study Area 1917.3 Methodology 1927.4 Results and Discussion 1937.5 Conclusion 203References 2038 Formulation and Mapping of GIS-Based Smart Village Plan Using Drone Imagery 207Suraj Kumar Singh, Shruti Kanga, Sayeed Afridi, Bhartendu Sajan, Saurabh Singh and Gowhar Meraj8.1 Introduction 2088.2 Study Area 2118.3 Materials and Methods 2128.4 Results and Discussion 2208.5 Conclusion 234References 2359 Varanasi’s Land Mosaic: A Geospatial Analysis for Peri-Urban Area Planning and Management 237Nitish Kumar Singh, Vijay Kumar Baraik and Mahendra Singh Nathawat9.1 Introduction 2389.2 Description of Study Area, Data Source, and Methods 2399.3 Results and Discussion 2439.4 Conclusion 254References 25510 Human Resource Influences on Online Shopping Behavior: Factors, Preferences, and Satisfaction Among Consumers in North Bengal, India 259Subham Dey Sarkar, Sushmita Singh, Anuusua Poddar, Tuhin Dey Roy, Pranoy Dey and Arindam BasakIntroduction 260Influences of Human Resource on Online Shopping Behavior 263Database and Methodology 263Factor Analysis 265Importance-Performance Analysis 266Result 268Demographic Profile of Online Shopping Adopters and Non-Adopters 268Factors of Using Online Shopping 270Consumer Satisfaction on Online Shopping Attributes 275Discussion 279Conclusion 282References 28211 Tourism and Protected Areas in India—A Symbiotic Relationship 287Sagar Sood, Kesar Chand, Aditi Kohli, Shruti Kanga, Suraj Kumar Singh and Gowhar MerajIntroduction 288Methodology 289Conclusion 297References 29712 Diatoms from Indian Himalaya (Renuka Lake) Responses to 20th Century Global Warming and Climate Change 303Pranaya Diwate, Narendra Kumar Meena, Sundeep Pandita, Khayingshing Luirei, Sumedh Humane and Ravi Bhushan12.1 Introduction 30412.2 Study Area 30612.3 Material and Methods 30712.4 Results 30912.5 Discussion 31412.6 Conclusions 317Acknowledgments 318References 31813 Beas Basin Snow Area Health Monitoring Utilizing Remote Sensing with Elevation Zones and Aspect 321Roy K., Kant C. and Meena R.S.13.1 Introduction 32213.2 Materials and Methods 32313.3 Results and Discussions 32913.4 Conclusions 337Acknowledgments 338References 33814 Evaluation of Groundwater Potential Zones in Godavari Sub‐Basin Using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and GIS 343Manoj Pawar, Pavankumar Giri, Pranali Kathe and Pranaya Diwate14.1 Introduction 34414.2 Study Area and Location 34514.3 Material and Methodology 34614.4 Results and Discussion 34714.5 Conclusion 357References 35915 Analyzing the Trend of LULC Change Over Five Decades in Dhanbad District, Jharkhand (India) Using Geospatial Techniques 363Gaurav Chakrabarty, M.S. Nathawat and Suman Sinha15.1 Introduction 36415.2 Materials and Methods 36715.3 Results and Discussion 37515.4 Limitations and Future Scope 38615.5 Conclusion 386Acknowledgments 388References 38816 Assessing Land Susceptibility to Degradation and Sustainability Challenges for Siddharthnagar District, Uttar Pradesh 393Rajesh Kumar Abhay, Shweta Rani and Satish Kumar Saini16.1 Introduction 39416.2 Material and Methods 39616.3 Results and Discussion 39916.4 Spatial Disparities in Land Susceptibility to Degradation 40516.5 Conclusion 408Acknowledgments 409References 40917 Examining Socio-Economic Realities and Challenges in West Bengal’s Labor Force: A Case Study 411Arindam Mondal, Naina Sambher and D.D. Sharma17.1 Introduction 41217.2 Review of Literature 41317.3 Aims and Objectives 41517.4 Study Area 41517.5 Data Source and Methodology 41617.6 Analysis and Discussions 41717.7 Conclusions 422Acknowledgments 423Declaration of Conflicting Interests 423Funding 423References 42318 Reviving the Spiritual Heartland: Enhancing Cultural Tourism in Kushinagar Through SWOT Analysis 425Ankit Singh and Anjali Shukla18.1 Introduction 42618.2 Study Area 42718.3 Objectives 42718.4 Methodology 42918.5 Results and Discussion 43018.6 Conclusion and Recommendations 442References 445Index 449

Shruti Kanga, PhD, is an assistant professor in the Centre for Land Resource Management, Central University of Jharkhand, Ranchi. Her main areas of interest include forest fire risk modeling and management, tourism, and resource management. She has attended and organized over 35 national and international conferences. She has over 12 years of teaching and research experience. She was also the course coordinator for different modules of the EDUSAT based distance learning program organized by the Indian Institute of Remote Sensing, ISRO Indian Space Research Organization, Government of India.Gowhar Meraj, PhD, works in the field of remote sensing, watershed management, hydrology, disaster risk assessment and mitigation, simulation modelling, and spatial analysis. He is the principal investigator of a Department of Science and Technology, Government of India sponsored research project where he assesses the impact of climate change on the critical ecosystem services of the Kashmir Valley. His work is with INVEST modelling for assessing sediment retention services, water yield services, and habitat quality in the Kashmir valley. He has more than 40 research publications.Suraj Kumar Singh, PhD, is an assistant professor at the Centre for Land Resource Management, Central University of Jharkhand, Ranchi. He over 12 years of teaching and research experience in the areas of waterlogging and flood hazards, geospatial applications in water resources, disaster management, hydrogeomorphology, urban planning, and wasteland mapping. He was previously a course coordinator for different modules of the EDUSAT based distance learning program organized by the Indian Institute of Remote Sensing, Indian Space Research Organization, Government of India.Majid Farooq, PhD, is a working scientist in the Department of Ecology, Environment and Remote Sensing, Government of Jammu and Kashmir, India. He has more than 15 years of experience in research, teaching, and consultancy related to remote sensing and GIS such as climate change vulnerability assessments, flood modeling, ecosystem assessment, watershed management, natural resource management, ecosystem services, and modeling.M. S. Nathawat, PhD, is a scientist of international repute. He has more than 150 publications in various international and national journals. His primary areas of research include remote sensing, natural resource management, environmental assessments, desertification, remote sensing and GIS, natural resources management, physical geography, regional and urban planning, environmental geomorphology, climate change and disaster management. He is also a member of expert committees in various national bodies.

• Preface xixAcknowledgements xxiIntroduction xxiii1 Hydro-Chemical Characterization and Geospatial Analysis of Groundwater for Drinking and Agriculture Usage in Bhandara District, Central India 1Nanabhau Kudnar, Nand Lal Kushwaha, Madiga Rajashekhar, Varun Narayan Mishra, Rongali Mahesh and Malkhan Singh Jatav1.1 Introduction 21.2 Study Area 31.3 Methodology 41.4 Results and Discussion 101.5 Conclusion 20References 212 Technology-Driven Approaches to Enhance Disaster Response and Recovery 25Chandni Kirpalani2.1 Introduction 282.3 Emergency Communication and Information Management 482.4 Geospatial Technologies for Situational Awareness 572.5 Data Analytics and Decision Support Systems 662.6 Conclusion 74References 793 Integrating Sustainable Development Goals with the Management of Natural and Technological Hazards and Disaster Risk Reduction 83Prateek Srivastava and Ambrina Sardar Khan3.1 Introduction 843.2 SD and SDGs 923.3 Conclusion 128References 1294 Hydrological and Morphometric Study of the Girna River Basin, Maharashtra Using Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques 133Pranaya Diwate, Ashish B Itolikar, Firoz Khan, Kunal Chinche and Pranali Kathe4.1 Introduction 1344.2 Study Area 1354.3 Database and Methodology 1364.4 Results and Discussion 1384.5 Conclusion 149Acknowledgments 150References 1505 A Geospatial Analysis of the Effect of Waste Disposal on Groundwater Quality in Ife North Local Government Area, Osun State, Nigeria 153J. O. Nwaezeigwe and T. A. Babatunde5.1 Introduction 1545.2 Study Area 1555.3 Materials and Methods 1565.4 Results and Discussion 158Conclusion 172References 1736 Enhancing Sustainable Natural Resource Management Through Innovative Use of Waste Materials in Concrete Production 177Saurabh Singh, Suraj Kumar Singh, Sujeet Kumar, Bhartendu Sajan and Gowhar Meraj6.1 Introduction 1786.2 Data Collection and Methodology 1806.3 Results and Analysis 1836.4 Conclusion 186References 1877 Dynamics of Land Use/Land Cover of Watershed Changes in Kolhapur District Maharashtra 189K.S. Kumbhar, Rishikesh Golekar and Pranaya Diwate7.1 Introduction 1907.2 Study Area 1917.3 Methodology 1927.4 Results and Discussion 1937.5 Conclusion 203References 2038 Formulation and Mapping of GIS-Based Smart Village Plan Using Drone Imagery 207Suraj Kumar Singh, Shruti Kanga, Sayeed Afridi, Bhartendu Sajan, Saurabh Singh and Gowhar Meraj8.1 Introduction 2088.2 Study Area 2118.3 Materials and Methods 2128.4 Results and Discussion 2208.5 Conclusion 234References 2359 Varanasi’s Land Mosaic: A Geospatial Analysis for Peri-Urban Area Planning and Management 237Nitish Kumar Singh, Vijay Kumar Baraik and Mahendra Singh Nathawat9.1 Introduction 2389.2 Description of Study Area, Data Source, and Methods 2399.3 Results and Discussion 2439.4 Conclusion 254References 25510 Human Resource Influences on Online Shopping Behavior: Factors, Preferences, and Satisfaction Among Consumers in North Bengal, India 259Subham Dey Sarkar, Sushmita Singh, Anuusua Poddar, Tuhin Dey Roy, Pranoy Dey and Arindam BasakIntroduction 260Influences of Human Resource on Online Shopping Behavior 263Database and Methodology 263Factor Analysis 265Importance-Performance Analysis 266Result 268Demographic Profile of Online Shopping Adopters and Non-Adopters 268Factors of Using Online Shopping 270Consumer Satisfaction on Online Shopping Attributes 275Discussion 279Conclusion 282References 28211 Tourism and Protected Areas in India—A Symbiotic Relationship 287Sagar Sood, Kesar Chand, Aditi Kohli, Shruti Kanga, Suraj Kumar Singh and Gowhar MerajIntroduction 288Methodology 289Conclusion 297References 29712 Diatoms from Indian Himalaya (Renuka Lake) Responses to 20th Century Global Warming and Climate Change 303Pranaya Diwate, Narendra Kumar Meena, Sundeep Pandita, Khayingshing Luirei, Sumedh Humane and Ravi Bhushan12.1 Introduction 30412.2 Study Area 30612.3 Material and Methods 30712.4 Results 30912.5 Discussion 31412.6 Conclusions 317Acknowledgments 318References 31813 Beas Basin Snow Area Health Monitoring Utilizing Remote Sensing with Elevation Zones and Aspect 321Roy K., Kant C. and Meena R.S.13.1 Introduction 32213.2 Materials and Methods 32313.3 Results and Discussions 32913.4 Conclusions 337Acknowledgments 338References 33814 Evaluation of Groundwater Potential Zones in Godavari Sub‐Basin Using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and GIS 343Manoj Pawar, Pavankumar Giri, Pranali Kathe and Pranaya Diwate14.1 Introduction 34414.2 Study Area and Location 34514.3 Material and Methodology 34614.4 Results and Discussion 34714.5 Conclusion 357References 35915 Analyzing the Trend of LULC Change Over Five Decades in Dhanbad District, Jharkhand (India) Using Geospatial Techniques 363Gaurav Chakrabarty, M.S. Nathawat and Suman Sinha15.1 Introduction 36415.2 Materials and Methods 36715.3 Results and Discussion 37515.4 Limitations and Future Scope 38615.5 Conclusion 386Acknowledgments 388References 38816 Assessing Land Susceptibility to Degradation and Sustainability Challenges for Siddharthnagar District, Uttar Pradesh 393Rajesh Kumar Abhay, Shweta Rani and Satish Kumar Saini16.1 Introduction 39416.2 Material and Methods 39616.3 Results and Discussion 39916.4 Spatial Disparities in Land Susceptibility to Degradation 40516.5 Conclusion 408Acknowledgments 409References 40917 Examining Socio-Economic Realities and Challenges in West Bengal’s Labor Force: A Case Study 411Arindam Mondal, Naina Sambher and D.D. Sharma17.1 Introduction 41217.2 Review of Literature 41317.3 Aims and Objectives 41517.4 Study Area 41517.5 Data Source and Methodology 41617.6 Analysis and Discussions 41717.7 Conclusions 422Acknowledgments 423Declaration of Conflicting Interests 423Funding 423References 42318 Reviving the Spiritual Heartland: Enhancing Cultural Tourism in Kushinagar Through SWOT Analysis 425Ankit Singh and Anjali Shukla18.1 Introduction 42618.2 Study Area 42718.3 Objectives 42718.4 Methodology 42918.5 Results and Discussion 43018.6 Conclusion and Recommendations 442References 445Index 449