IAN PEATE is a Visiting Professor at Northumbria University and Buckinghamshire New University and a Senior Clinical Fellow at the University of Hertfordshire. He is also the Editor-in-Chief of the British Journal of Nursing, and Consultant Editor of the Journal of Paramedic Practice and the International Journal of Advancing Practice.

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• Preface viiiAcknowledgements x1 The Anatomy and Physiology of the Respiratory System 1Introduction 1The Respiratory System 2Pulmonary Ventilation 6Factors Influencing Pulmonary Ventilation 10Lung Volumes 12Regulation of Breathing 14Pulmonary Ventilation and Gas Exchange 17Transport of Gases 19Blood Supply to the Lungs 20Conclusion 21Glossary of Terms 22Multiple Choice Questions 232 Engaging with Patients and Assessing the Respiratory System 25Introduction 25Understanding the Patient's Perspective 26Cultural Sensitivity in Relation to the Respiratory System 28Non-verbal Communication and Respiratory Disease 29Health Literacy 32Emotional Responses 32End-of-life and Palliative Care in Respiratory Disease 35Assessing the Respiratory System 35History Taking: A Comprehensive Approach to Respiratory Assessment 38Enhancing Communication During History Taking 39Respiratory Examination 40Preparation to Undertake the Assessment 46Special Tests 46Whispered Pectoriloquy 47Conclusion 48Glossary of Terms 48Multiple Choice Questions 493 Health Promotion 52Introduction 52Understanding Health Promotion in Relation to Respiratory Disease 53Key Components of Health Promotion 53Preventing Respiratory Disease Through Education and Awareness 54Addressing Social Determinants of Health 54Community and Policy-level Interventions 55Empowerment and Self-management 56Risk Factors Associated with Respiratory Disease 56Health Promotion Strategies Associated with Respiratory Conditions 59Broader Influences on Respiratory Health 62The Role of the Healthcare Practitioner 62Smoking Cessation Activities: A Public Health Priority 65Community-based Approach to Health Promotion and Respiratory Conditions 67Conclusion 68Glossary of Terms 68Multiple Choice Questions 704 Planning Care: Asthma 73Introduction 73Patient-centred Care 73Ongoing Management of Asthma as a Chronic Condition 75Pathophysiology of Asthma 76Asthma Severity 79Signs and Symptoms 79Risk Factors 82Assessment 84Taking a Comprehensive History 84Physical Examination 87Objective Measurements 91Asthma Control Tools 91Holistic and Psychosocial Assessment 92Planning Care 92Key Components of Patient-centred Care 92Cultural, Social and Environmental Considerations 93Continuity of Care and Multidisciplinary Collaboration 94Evaluation of Care 94Conclusion 95Glossary of Terms 96Multiple Choice Questions 975 Vital Signs 100Introduction 100Informed Consent 105Obtaining Informed Consent 105Types of Consent 106Procedures 108Temperature, Pulse and Blood Pressure 109Pulse 111Measuring Respiratory Rate, Depth and Rhythm 115Respiratory Rate, Depth and Rhythm 117Evaluation 118Conclusion 118Glossary of Terms 119Multiple Choice Questions 1206 Peak Expiratory Flow Rate 123Introduction 123What It Is – Definition 125Gaining Consent and Providing an Explanation 126The Procedure 128Interpretation of Results 128The Traffic Light System 136Documentation 137Post-care 138Raising Concerns 138Conclusion 140Glossary of Terms 140Multiple Choice Questions 1427 Oxygen Therapy 144Introduction 144The Physiological Basis of OxygenTherapy: An Overview 144What It Is – Definition 148How Oxygen Therapy Works 150Types of Oxygen Delivery Systems 151Consent and Explanation 156Preparation 157Safety Considerations 161Interpretation of Results 162Documentation 163Post-care 165Raising Concerns 166Conclusion 167Glossary of Terms 167Multiple Choice Questions 1688 Pulse Oximetry 171Introduction 171Oxygen Saturation 171What It Is – Definition 172Limitations of Pulse Oximetry and the Need for Comprehensive Clinical Assessment 175Key Limitations of Pulse Oximetry 176The Importance of Clinical Context 176Consent and Explanation 177Procedure 179Equipment Check and Calibration 179Preparation 180Selection of Probe and Monitoring Site 180Environmental and Clinical Factors 180Technical Considerations 181Monitoring Duration 181Safety and Comfort 181Application of the Probe 181Clinical Monitoring and Interpretation 181Documentation 182Post-procedure Care 182Interpretation of Results 182Documentation 185Post-care 186Raising Concerns 187Conclusion 188Glossary of Terms 188Multiple Choice Questions 189References 190MCQ Answers 192Index 193

IAN PEATE is a Visiting Professor at Northumbria University and Buckinghamshire New University and a Senior Clinical Fellow at the University of Hertfordshire. He is also the Editor-in-Chief of the British Journal of Nursing, and Consultant Editor of the Journal of Paramedic Practice and the International Journal of Advancing Practice.

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• Preface viiiAcknowledgements x1 The Anatomy and Physiology of the Respiratory System 1Introduction 1The Respiratory System 2Pulmonary Ventilation 6Factors Influencing Pulmonary Ventilation 10Lung Volumes 12Regulation of Breathing 14Pulmonary Ventilation and Gas Exchange 17Transport of Gases 19Blood Supply to the Lungs 20Conclusion 21Glossary of Terms 22Multiple Choice Questions 232 Engaging with Patients and Assessing the Respiratory System 25Introduction 25Understanding the Patient's Perspective 26Cultural Sensitivity in Relation to the Respiratory System 28Non-verbal Communication and Respiratory Disease 29Health Literacy 32Emotional Responses 32End-of-life and Palliative Care in Respiratory Disease 35Assessing the Respiratory System 35History Taking: A Comprehensive Approach to Respiratory Assessment 38Enhancing Communication During History Taking 39Respiratory Examination 40Preparation to Undertake the Assessment 46Special Tests 46Whispered Pectoriloquy 47Conclusion 48Glossary of Terms 48Multiple Choice Questions 493 Health Promotion 52Introduction 52Understanding Health Promotion in Relation to Respiratory Disease 53Key Components of Health Promotion 53Preventing Respiratory Disease Through Education and Awareness 54Addressing Social Determinants of Health 54Community and Policy-level Interventions 55Empowerment and Self-management 56Risk Factors Associated with Respiratory Disease 56Health Promotion Strategies Associated with Respiratory Conditions 59Broader Influences on Respiratory Health 62The Role of the Healthcare Practitioner 62Smoking Cessation Activities: A Public Health Priority 65Community-based Approach to Health Promotion and Respiratory Conditions 67Conclusion 68Glossary of Terms 68Multiple Choice Questions 704 Planning Care: Asthma 73Introduction 73Patient-centred Care 73Ongoing Management of Asthma as a Chronic Condition 75Pathophysiology of Asthma 76Asthma Severity 79Signs and Symptoms 79Risk Factors 82Assessment 84Taking a Comprehensive History 84Physical Examination 87Objective Measurements 91Asthma Control Tools 91Holistic and Psychosocial Assessment 92Planning Care 92Key Components of Patient-centred Care 92Cultural, Social and Environmental Considerations 93Continuity of Care and Multidisciplinary Collaboration 94Evaluation of Care 94Conclusion 95Glossary of Terms 96Multiple Choice Questions 975 Vital Signs 100Introduction 100Informed Consent 105Obtaining Informed Consent 105Types of Consent 106Procedures 108Temperature, Pulse and Blood Pressure 109Pulse 111Measuring Respiratory Rate, Depth and Rhythm 115Respiratory Rate, Depth and Rhythm 117Evaluation 118Conclusion 118Glossary of Terms 119Multiple Choice Questions 1206 Peak Expiratory Flow Rate 123Introduction 123What It Is – Definition 125Gaining Consent and Providing an Explanation 126The Procedure 128Interpretation of Results 128The Traffic Light System 136Documentation 137Post-care 138Raising Concerns 138Conclusion 140Glossary of Terms 140Multiple Choice Questions 1427 Oxygen Therapy 144Introduction 144The Physiological Basis of OxygenTherapy: An Overview 144What It Is – Definition 148How Oxygen Therapy Works 150Types of Oxygen Delivery Systems 151Consent and Explanation 156Preparation 157Safety Considerations 161Interpretation of Results 162Documentation 163Post-care 165Raising Concerns 166Conclusion 167Glossary of Terms 167Multiple Choice Questions 1688 Pulse Oximetry 171Introduction 171Oxygen Saturation 171What It Is – Definition 172Limitations of Pulse Oximetry and the Need for Comprehensive Clinical Assessment 175Key Limitations of Pulse Oximetry 176The Importance of Clinical Context 176Consent and Explanation 177Procedure 179Equipment Check and Calibration 179Preparation 180Selection of Probe and Monitoring Site 180Environmental and Clinical Factors 180Technical Considerations 181Monitoring Duration 181Safety and Comfort 181Application of the Probe 181Clinical Monitoring and Interpretation 181Documentation 182Post-procedure Care 182Interpretation of Results 182Documentation 185Post-care 186Raising Concerns 187Conclusion 188Glossary of Terms 188Multiple Choice Questions 189References 190MCQ Answers 192Index 193

IAN PEATE is a Visiting Professor at Northumbria University and Buckinghamshire New University and a Senior Clinical Fellow at the University of Hertfordshire. He is also the Editor-in-Chief of the British Journal of Nursing, and Consultant Editor of the Journal of Paramedic Practice and the International Journal of Advancing Practice.

Select Guide Rating

• Preface viiiAcknowledgements x1 The Anatomy and Physiology of the Respiratory System 1Introduction 1The Respiratory System 2Pulmonary Ventilation 6Factors Influencing Pulmonary Ventilation 10Lung Volumes 12Regulation of Breathing 14Pulmonary Ventilation and Gas Exchange 17Transport of Gases 19Blood Supply to the Lungs 20Conclusion 21Glossary of Terms 22Multiple Choice Questions 232 Engaging with Patients and Assessing the Respiratory System 25Introduction 25Understanding the Patient's Perspective 26Cultural Sensitivity in Relation to the Respiratory System 28Non-verbal Communication and Respiratory Disease 29Health Literacy 32Emotional Responses 32End-of-life and Palliative Care in Respiratory Disease 35Assessing the Respiratory System 35History Taking: A Comprehensive Approach to Respiratory Assessment 38Enhancing Communication During History Taking 39Respiratory Examination 40Preparation to Undertake the Assessment 46Special Tests 46Whispered Pectoriloquy 47Conclusion 48Glossary of Terms 48Multiple Choice Questions 493 Health Promotion 52Introduction 52Understanding Health Promotion in Relation to Respiratory Disease 53Key Components of Health Promotion 53Preventing Respiratory Disease Through Education and Awareness 54Addressing Social Determinants of Health 54Community and Policy-level Interventions 55Empowerment and Self-management 56Risk Factors Associated with Respiratory Disease 56Health Promotion Strategies Associated with Respiratory Conditions 59Broader Influences on Respiratory Health 62The Role of the Healthcare Practitioner 62Smoking Cessation Activities: A Public Health Priority 65Community-based Approach to Health Promotion and Respiratory Conditions 67Conclusion 68Glossary of Terms 68Multiple Choice Questions 704 Planning Care: Asthma 73Introduction 73Patient-centred Care 73Ongoing Management of Asthma as a Chronic Condition 75Pathophysiology of Asthma 76Asthma Severity 79Signs and Symptoms 79Risk Factors 82Assessment 84Taking a Comprehensive History 84Physical Examination 87Objective Measurements 91Asthma Control Tools 91Holistic and Psychosocial Assessment 92Planning Care 92Key Components of Patient-centred Care 92Cultural, Social and Environmental Considerations 93Continuity of Care and Multidisciplinary Collaboration 94Evaluation of Care 94Conclusion 95Glossary of Terms 96Multiple Choice Questions 975 Vital Signs 100Introduction 100Informed Consent 105Obtaining Informed Consent 105Types of Consent 106Procedures 108Temperature, Pulse and Blood Pressure 109Pulse 111Measuring Respiratory Rate, Depth and Rhythm 115Respiratory Rate, Depth and Rhythm 117Evaluation 118Conclusion 118Glossary of Terms 119Multiple Choice Questions 1206 Peak Expiratory Flow Rate 123Introduction 123What It Is – Definition 125Gaining Consent and Providing an Explanation 126The Procedure 128Interpretation of Results 128The Traffic Light System 136Documentation 137Post-care 138Raising Concerns 138Conclusion 140Glossary of Terms 140Multiple Choice Questions 1427 Oxygen Therapy 144Introduction 144The Physiological Basis of OxygenTherapy: An Overview 144What It Is – Definition 148How Oxygen Therapy Works 150Types of Oxygen Delivery Systems 151Consent and Explanation 156Preparation 157Safety Considerations 161Interpretation of Results 162Documentation 163Post-care 165Raising Concerns 166Conclusion 167Glossary of Terms 167Multiple Choice Questions 1688 Pulse Oximetry 171Introduction 171Oxygen Saturation 171What It Is – Definition 172Limitations of Pulse Oximetry and the Need for Comprehensive Clinical Assessment 175Key Limitations of Pulse Oximetry 176The Importance of Clinical Context 176Consent and Explanation 177Procedure 179Equipment Check and Calibration 179Preparation 180Selection of Probe and Monitoring Site 180Environmental and Clinical Factors 180Technical Considerations 181Monitoring Duration 181Safety and Comfort 181Application of the Probe 181Clinical Monitoring and Interpretation 181Documentation 182Post-procedure Care 182Interpretation of Results 182Documentation 185Post-care 186Raising Concerns 187Conclusion 188Glossary of Terms 188Multiple Choice Questions 189References 190MCQ Answers 192Index 193