Authored by top researchers, this book discusses methodologies to quantify the properties and microstructures of aluminum, steel, and superalloys. It is a unique reference to advanced laboratory techniques in the context of characterization and property evaluation methodologies, enabling the evolution of stronger and more function-specific compositions. Topics include metallography, an atlas of microstructures, thermal analysis, x-ray diffraction, and residual stress measurement, transmission electron microscopy, electron backscattering diffraction spectroscopy, texture measurement, electron momentum spectroscopy, positron annihilation spectroscopy, and atomic probe tomography.