Jörg Rüpke is Chair of Comparative Religion at the University of Erfurt and coordinator of the Priority Program of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft 1080 "Roman imperial and provincial religion". His recent books include Religion of the Romans (2001), Rituals in Ink (2004), Fasti Sacerdotum (2005), Religion and Law, ed. with Clifford Ando, (2006), Zeit und Fest (2006), and Religions Orientales (2006).

"This Companion will in fact be sustaining company as we try to read these signs to find the meaning that compelled such commitment." (Phoenix, 2011)

• List of Figures xList of Maps xiiiNotes on Contributors xivAcknowledgments xixAbbreviations xxiMaps xxviii1 Roman Religion – Religions of Rome 1Jörg Rüpke2 Approaching Roman Religion: The Case for Wissenschaftsgeschichte 10C. Robert Phillips, IIIPart I Changes 293 The Religion of Archaic Rome 31Christopher Smith4 Pre-Roman Italy, Before and Under the Romans 43Olivier de Cazanove5 Urban Religion in the Middle and Late Republic 58Eric Orlin6 Continuity and Change: Religion in the Augustan Semi-Century 71Karl Galinsky7 Religions and the Integration of Cities in the Empire in the Second Century ad: The Creation of a Common Religious Language 83William Van Andringa8 Old Religions Transformed: Religions and Religious Policy from Decius to Constantine 96Hartmut Leppin9 Religious Koine and Religious Dissent in the Fourth Century 109Michele Renee SalzmanPart II Media 12710 The History of Roman Religion in Roman Historiography and Epic 129Denis Feeney11 Religion and Roman Coins 143Jonathan Williams12 Reliefs, Public and Private 164Katja Moede13 Inscriptions as Sources of Knowledge for Religions and Cults in the Roman World of Imperial Times 176Rudolf Haensch14 Religion in the House 188Annemarie Kaufmann-HeinimannPart III Symbols and Practices 20315 Roman Cult Sites: A Pragmatic Approach 205Ulrike Egelhaaf-Gaiser16 Complex Rituals: Games and Processions in Republican Rome 222Frank Bernstein17 Performing the Sacred: Prayers and Hymns 235Frances Hickson Hahn18 Music and Dance: Forms of Representation in Pictorial and Written Sources 249Friederike Fless and Katja Moede19 Sacrifices for Gods and Ancestors 263John ScheidPart IV Actors and Actions 27320 Religious Actors in Daily Life: Practices and Related Beliefs 275Nicole Belayche21 Republican Nobiles: Controlling the Res Publica 292Veit Rosenberger22 Emperors: Caring for the Empire and Their Successors 304Peter Herz23 Urban Elites in the Roman East: Enhancing Regional Positions and Social Superiority 317Athanasios Rizakis24 Living on Religion: Professionals and Personnel 331Marietta HorsterPart V Different Religious Identities 34325 Roman Diaspora Judaism 345Jack N. Lightstone26 Creating One’s Own Religion: Intellectual Choices 378Attilio Mastrocinque27 Institutionalized Religious Options: Mithraism 392Richard Gordon28 The Romanness of Roman Christianity 406Stefan HeidPart VI Roman Religion Outside and Seen from Outside 42729 Exporting Roman Religion 429Clifford Ando30 Religion in the Roman East 446Ted Kaizer31 Roman Religion in the Vision of Tertullian 457Cecilia AmesBibliography 472General Index 511Index of Personal Names 526Index of Places 537

Jörg Rüpke is Chair of Comparative Religion at the University of Erfurt and coordinator of the Priority Program of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft 1080 "Roman imperial and provincial religion". His recent books include Religion of the Romans (2001), Rituals in Ink (2004), Fasti Sacerdotum (2005), Religion and Law, ed. with Clifford Ando, (2006), Zeit und Fest (2006), and Religions Orientales (2006).

"This Companion will in fact be sustaining company as we try to read these signs to find the meaning that compelled such commitment." (Phoenix, 2011)

• List of Figures xList of Maps xiiiNotes on Contributors xivAcknowledgments xixAbbreviations xxiMaps xxviii1 Roman Religion – Religions of Rome 1Jörg Rüpke2 Approaching Roman Religion: The Case for Wissenschaftsgeschichte 10C. Robert Phillips, IIIPart I Changes 293 The Religion of Archaic Rome 31Christopher Smith4 Pre-Roman Italy, Before and Under the Romans 43Olivier de Cazanove5 Urban Religion in the Middle and Late Republic 58Eric Orlin6 Continuity and Change: Religion in the Augustan Semi-Century 71Karl Galinsky7 Religions and the Integration of Cities in the Empire in the Second Century ad: The Creation of a Common Religious Language 83William Van Andringa8 Old Religions Transformed: Religions and Religious Policy from Decius to Constantine 96Hartmut Leppin9 Religious Koine and Religious Dissent in the Fourth Century 109Michele Renee SalzmanPart II Media 12710 The History of Roman Religion in Roman Historiography and Epic 129Denis Feeney11 Religion and Roman Coins 143Jonathan Williams12 Reliefs, Public and Private 164Katja Moede13 Inscriptions as Sources of Knowledge for Religions and Cults in the Roman World of Imperial Times 176Rudolf Haensch14 Religion in the House 188Annemarie Kaufmann-HeinimannPart III Symbols and Practices 20315 Roman Cult Sites: A Pragmatic Approach 205Ulrike Egelhaaf-Gaiser16 Complex Rituals: Games and Processions in Republican Rome 222Frank Bernstein17 Performing the Sacred: Prayers and Hymns 235Frances Hickson Hahn18 Music and Dance: Forms of Representation in Pictorial and Written Sources 249Friederike Fless and Katja Moede19 Sacrifices for Gods and Ancestors 263John ScheidPart IV Actors and Actions 27320 Religious Actors in Daily Life: Practices and Related Beliefs 275Nicole Belayche21 Republican Nobiles: Controlling the Res Publica 292Veit Rosenberger22 Emperors: Caring for the Empire and Their Successors 304Peter Herz23 Urban Elites in the Roman East: Enhancing Regional Positions and Social Superiority 317Athanasios Rizakis24 Living on Religion: Professionals and Personnel 331Marietta HorsterPart V Different Religious Identities 34325 Roman Diaspora Judaism 345Jack N. Lightstone26 Creating One’s Own Religion: Intellectual Choices 378Attilio Mastrocinque27 Institutionalized Religious Options: Mithraism 392Richard Gordon28 The Romanness of Roman Christianity 406Stefan HeidPart VI Roman Religion Outside and Seen from Outside 42729 Exporting Roman Religion 429Clifford Ando30 Religion in the Roman East 446Ted Kaizer31 Roman Religion in the Vision of Tertullian 457Cecilia AmesBibliography 472General Index 511Index of Personal Names 526Index of Places 537

Jörg Rüpke is Chair of Comparative Religion at the University of Erfurt and coordinator of the Priority Program of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft 1080 "Roman imperial and provincial religion". His recent books include Religion of the Romans (2001), Rituals in Ink (2004), Fasti Sacerdotum (2005), Religion and Law, ed. with Clifford Ando, (2006), Zeit und Fest (2006), and Religions Orientales (2006).

"This Companion will in fact be sustaining company as we try to read these signs to find the meaning that compelled such commitment." (Phoenix, 2011)

• List of Figures xList of Maps xiiiNotes on Contributors xivAcknowledgments xixAbbreviations xxiMaps xxviii1 Roman Religion – Religions of Rome 1Jörg Rüpke2 Approaching Roman Religion: The Case for Wissenschaftsgeschichte 10C. Robert Phillips, IIIPart I Changes 293 The Religion of Archaic Rome 31Christopher Smith4 Pre-Roman Italy, Before and Under the Romans 43Olivier de Cazanove5 Urban Religion in the Middle and Late Republic 58Eric Orlin6 Continuity and Change: Religion in the Augustan Semi-Century 71Karl Galinsky7 Religions and the Integration of Cities in the Empire in the Second Century ad: The Creation of a Common Religious Language 83William Van Andringa8 Old Religions Transformed: Religions and Religious Policy from Decius to Constantine 96Hartmut Leppin9 Religious Koine and Religious Dissent in the Fourth Century 109Michele Renee SalzmanPart II Media 12710 The History of Roman Religion in Roman Historiography and Epic 129Denis Feeney11 Religion and Roman Coins 143Jonathan Williams12 Reliefs, Public and Private 164Katja Moede13 Inscriptions as Sources of Knowledge for Religions and Cults in the Roman World of Imperial Times 176Rudolf Haensch14 Religion in the House 188Annemarie Kaufmann-HeinimannPart III Symbols and Practices 20315 Roman Cult Sites: A Pragmatic Approach 205Ulrike Egelhaaf-Gaiser16 Complex Rituals: Games and Processions in Republican Rome 222Frank Bernstein17 Performing the Sacred: Prayers and Hymns 235Frances Hickson Hahn18 Music and Dance: Forms of Representation in Pictorial and Written Sources 249Friederike Fless and Katja Moede19 Sacrifices for Gods and Ancestors 263John ScheidPart IV Actors and Actions 27320 Religious Actors in Daily Life: Practices and Related Beliefs 275Nicole Belayche21 Republican Nobiles: Controlling the Res Publica 292Veit Rosenberger22 Emperors: Caring for the Empire and Their Successors 304Peter Herz23 Urban Elites in the Roman East: Enhancing Regional Positions and Social Superiority 317Athanasios Rizakis24 Living on Religion: Professionals and Personnel 331Marietta HorsterPart V Different Religious Identities 34325 Roman Diaspora Judaism 345Jack N. Lightstone26 Creating One’s Own Religion: Intellectual Choices 378Attilio Mastrocinque27 Institutionalized Religious Options: Mithraism 392Richard Gordon28 The Romanness of Roman Christianity 406Stefan HeidPart VI Roman Religion Outside and Seen from Outside 42729 Exporting Roman Religion 429Clifford Ando30 Religion in the Roman East 446Ted Kaizer31 Roman Religion in the Vision of Tertullian 457Cecilia AmesBibliography 472General Index 511Index of Personal Names 526Index of Places 537