THE EDITORS Paul Christesen is Professor of Classics at Dartmouth College, USA. He is the author of Sport and Democracy in the Ancient and Modern Worlds (2012), Olympic Victor Lists and Ancient Greek History (2007), and numerous articles and chapters on Greek historiography, ancient Greek history, and ancient sport. Donald G. Kyle is Professor and former Chair of History at the University of Texas at Arlington, USA. He is the author of Sport and Spectacle in the Ancient World (Wiley-Blackwell, 2007), Spectacles of Death in Ancient Rome (1998), Athletics in Ancient Athens (1987), and numerous articles and chapters on ancient sport history.

“This volume of forty-three essays is a superb introduction to the study of sport and spectacle in Greece and Rome . . .This companion will be a great addition to anyone’s library, whether they are scholars of sport and spectacle or general readers interested in life in ancient Greece and Rome.”  (Phoenix, 1 June 2015)

• List of Figures ixList of Maps and Plans xiiiNotes on Contributors xvAcknowledgments xxiGeneral Introduction 1Paul Christesen and Donald G. KyleSection I Greece 17Part I The Background 191 Greek Athletic Competitions: The Ancient Olympics and More 21Donald G. Kyle2 Sport in the Aegean Bronze Age 36Jeremy Rutter3 Sport in the Early Iron Age and Homeric Epic 53Timothy P. J. Perry4 Representations of Sport in Greek Literature 68Nigel Nicholson5 Picturing Victory: Representations of Sport in Greek Art 81Jenifer Neils6 Inscriptions as Evidence for Greek Sport 98H. W. Pleket7 Recent Trends in the Study of Greek Sport 112Ingomar WeilerPart II Places 1318 Panhellenic Athletics at Olympia 133Thomas Heine Nielsen9 Sport and Society in Sparta 146Paul Christesen10 Sport, Society, and Politics in Athens 159Donald G. Kyle11 Athletic Festivals in the Northern Peloponnese and Central Greece 176David Gilman Romano12 Sport and Society in the Greek West 192Carla M. AntonaccioPart III People, Settings, Ideas 20913 Sport and Democratization in Ancient Greece (with an Excursus on Athletic Nudity) 211Paul Christesen14 Growing Up with Greek Sport: Education and Athletics 236Werner Petermandl15 Eros and Greek Sport 246Andrew Lear16 Greek Female Sport: Rites, Running, and Racing 258Donald G. Kyle17 People on the Fringes of Greek Sport 276Christian Mann18 The Greek Stadium as a Reflection of a Changing Society 287Stephen G. Miller19 The Social Life of Greek Athletic Facilities (other than Stadia) 295Michael Scott20 The Role of Religion in Greek Sport 309Sarah C. Murray21 Ancient Critics of Greek Sport 320Zinon Papakonstantinou22 Sport, Spectacle, and Society in Ancient Macedonia 332Winthrop Lindsay AdamsPart IV Later Greek Sport and Spectacle 34723 Greek Sport in Egypt: Status Symbol and Lifestyle 349Sofie Remijsen24 Sport in Hellenistic and Roman Asia Minor 364H. W. PleketSection II Rome 377Part I The Background 37925 Overview of Roman Spectacle 381Roger Dunkle26 Etruscan Sport 395Giampiero Bevagna27 Writing Arenas: Roman Authors and Their Games 412Zara Martirosova Torlone28 Representations of Spectacle and Sport in Roman Art 422Steven L. Tuck29 Material Evidence for Roman Spectacle and Sport 438Gregory S. Aldrete30 Trends in the Study of Roman Spectacle and Sport 451Jerry TonerPart II Spectacles and Sport in Rome 46331 Gladiatorial Combat as Alluring Spectacle 465Garrett G. Fagan32 Women with Swords: Female Gladiators in the Roman World 478Stephen Brunet33 Roman Chariot Racing: Charioteers, Factions, Spectators 492Sinclair Bell34 Roman Beast Hunts 505Chris Epplett35 Spectacular Executions in the Roman World 520Chris Epplett36 Greek Sports in Rome 533Hugh M. LeePart III People, Settings, Ideas 54337 Amphitheaters in the Roman World 545Hazel Dodge38 Venues for Spectacle and Sport (other than Amphitheaters) in the Roman World 561Hazel Dodge39 People on the Margins of Roman Spectacle 578Rose MacLean40 Religion and Roman Spectacle 590John Zaleski41 Ancient Critics of Roman Spectacle and Sport 603Kathryn MammelPart IV Later Roman Spectacle and Sport 61742 Romanization through Spectacle in the Greek East 619Michael J. Carter43 Spectacle and Sport in Constantinople in the Sixth Century CE 633David Alan ParnellIndex 646

THE EDITORS Paul Christesen is Professor of Classics at Dartmouth College, USA. He is the author of Sport and Democracy in the Ancient and Modern Worlds (2012), Olympic Victor Lists and Ancient Greek History (2007), and numerous articles and chapters on Greek historiography, ancient Greek history, and ancient sport. Donald G. Kyle is Professor and former Chair of History at the University of Texas at Arlington, USA. He is the author of Sport and Spectacle in the Ancient World (Wiley-Blackwell, 2007), Spectacles of Death in Ancient Rome (1998), Athletics in Ancient Athens (1987), and numerous articles and chapters on ancient sport history.

“This volume of forty-three essays is a superb introduction to the study of sport and spectacle in Greece and Rome . . .This companion will be a great addition to anyone’s library, whether they are scholars of sport and spectacle or general readers interested in life in ancient Greece and Rome.”  (Phoenix, 1 June 2015)

• List of Figures ixList of Maps and Plans xiiiNotes on Contributors xvAcknowledgments xxiGeneral Introduction 1Paul Christesen and Donald G. KyleSection I Greece 17Part I The Background 191 Greek Athletic Competitions: The Ancient Olympics and More 21Donald G. Kyle2 Sport in the Aegean Bronze Age 36Jeremy Rutter3 Sport in the Early Iron Age and Homeric Epic 53Timothy P. J. Perry4 Representations of Sport in Greek Literature 68Nigel Nicholson5 Picturing Victory: Representations of Sport in Greek Art 81Jenifer Neils6 Inscriptions as Evidence for Greek Sport 98H. W. Pleket7 Recent Trends in the Study of Greek Sport 112Ingomar WeilerPart II Places 1318 Panhellenic Athletics at Olympia 133Thomas Heine Nielsen9 Sport and Society in Sparta 146Paul Christesen10 Sport, Society, and Politics in Athens 159Donald G. Kyle11 Athletic Festivals in the Northern Peloponnese and Central Greece 176David Gilman Romano12 Sport and Society in the Greek West 192Carla M. AntonaccioPart III People, Settings, Ideas 20913 Sport and Democratization in Ancient Greece (with an Excursus on Athletic Nudity) 211Paul Christesen14 Growing Up with Greek Sport: Education and Athletics 236Werner Petermandl15 Eros and Greek Sport 246Andrew Lear16 Greek Female Sport: Rites, Running, and Racing 258Donald G. Kyle17 People on the Fringes of Greek Sport 276Christian Mann18 The Greek Stadium as a Reflection of a Changing Society 287Stephen G. Miller19 The Social Life of Greek Athletic Facilities (other than Stadia) 295Michael Scott20 The Role of Religion in Greek Sport 309Sarah C. Murray21 Ancient Critics of Greek Sport 320Zinon Papakonstantinou22 Sport, Spectacle, and Society in Ancient Macedonia 332Winthrop Lindsay AdamsPart IV Later Greek Sport and Spectacle 34723 Greek Sport in Egypt: Status Symbol and Lifestyle 349Sofie Remijsen24 Sport in Hellenistic and Roman Asia Minor 364H. W. PleketSection II Rome 377Part I The Background 37925 Overview of Roman Spectacle 381Roger Dunkle26 Etruscan Sport 395Giampiero Bevagna27 Writing Arenas: Roman Authors and Their Games 412Zara Martirosova Torlone28 Representations of Spectacle and Sport in Roman Art 422Steven L. Tuck29 Material Evidence for Roman Spectacle and Sport 438Gregory S. Aldrete30 Trends in the Study of Roman Spectacle and Sport 451Jerry TonerPart II Spectacles and Sport in Rome 46331 Gladiatorial Combat as Alluring Spectacle 465Garrett G. Fagan32 Women with Swords: Female Gladiators in the Roman World 478Stephen Brunet33 Roman Chariot Racing: Charioteers, Factions, Spectators 492Sinclair Bell34 Roman Beast Hunts 505Chris Epplett35 Spectacular Executions in the Roman World 520Chris Epplett36 Greek Sports in Rome 533Hugh M. LeePart III People, Settings, Ideas 54337 Amphitheaters in the Roman World 545Hazel Dodge38 Venues for Spectacle and Sport (other than Amphitheaters) in the Roman World 561Hazel Dodge39 People on the Margins of Roman Spectacle 578Rose MacLean40 Religion and Roman Spectacle 590John Zaleski41 Ancient Critics of Roman Spectacle and Sport 603Kathryn MammelPart IV Later Roman Spectacle and Sport 61742 Romanization through Spectacle in the Greek East 619Michael J. Carter43 Spectacle and Sport in Constantinople in the Sixth Century CE 633David Alan ParnellIndex 646

THE EDITORS Paul Christesen is Professor of Classics at Dartmouth College, USA. He is the author of Sport and Democracy in the Ancient and Modern Worlds (2012), Olympic Victor Lists and Ancient Greek History (2007), and numerous articles and chapters on Greek historiography, ancient Greek history, and ancient sport. Donald G. Kyle is Professor and former Chair of History at the University of Texas at Arlington, USA. He is the author of Sport and Spectacle in the Ancient World (Wiley-Blackwell, 2007), Spectacles of Death in Ancient Rome (1998), Athletics in Ancient Athens (1987), and numerous articles and chapters on ancient sport history.

“This volume of forty-three essays is a superb introduction to the study of sport and spectacle in Greece and Rome . . .This companion will be a great addition to anyone’s library, whether they are scholars of sport and spectacle or general readers interested in life in ancient Greece and Rome.”  (Phoenix, 1 June 2015)

• List of Figures ixList of Maps and Plans xiiiNotes on Contributors xvAcknowledgments xxiGeneral Introduction 1Paul Christesen and Donald G. KyleSection I Greece 17Part I The Background 191 Greek Athletic Competitions: The Ancient Olympics and More 21Donald G. Kyle2 Sport in the Aegean Bronze Age 36Jeremy Rutter3 Sport in the Early Iron Age and Homeric Epic 53Timothy P. J. Perry4 Representations of Sport in Greek Literature 68Nigel Nicholson5 Picturing Victory: Representations of Sport in Greek Art 81Jenifer Neils6 Inscriptions as Evidence for Greek Sport 98H. W. Pleket7 Recent Trends in the Study of Greek Sport 112Ingomar WeilerPart II Places 1318 Panhellenic Athletics at Olympia 133Thomas Heine Nielsen9 Sport and Society in Sparta 146Paul Christesen10 Sport, Society, and Politics in Athens 159Donald G. Kyle11 Athletic Festivals in the Northern Peloponnese and Central Greece 176David Gilman Romano12 Sport and Society in the Greek West 192Carla M. AntonaccioPart III People, Settings, Ideas 20913 Sport and Democratization in Ancient Greece (with an Excursus on Athletic Nudity) 211Paul Christesen14 Growing Up with Greek Sport: Education and Athletics 236Werner Petermandl15 Eros and Greek Sport 246Andrew Lear16 Greek Female Sport: Rites, Running, and Racing 258Donald G. Kyle17 People on the Fringes of Greek Sport 276Christian Mann18 The Greek Stadium as a Reflection of a Changing Society 287Stephen G. Miller19 The Social Life of Greek Athletic Facilities (other than Stadia) 295Michael Scott20 The Role of Religion in Greek Sport 309Sarah C. Murray21 Ancient Critics of Greek Sport 320Zinon Papakonstantinou22 Sport, Spectacle, and Society in Ancient Macedonia 332Winthrop Lindsay AdamsPart IV Later Greek Sport and Spectacle 34723 Greek Sport in Egypt: Status Symbol and Lifestyle 349Sofie Remijsen24 Sport in Hellenistic and Roman Asia Minor 364H. W. PleketSection II Rome 377Part I The Background 37925 Overview of Roman Spectacle 381Roger Dunkle26 Etruscan Sport 395Giampiero Bevagna27 Writing Arenas: Roman Authors and Their Games 412Zara Martirosova Torlone28 Representations of Spectacle and Sport in Roman Art 422Steven L. Tuck29 Material Evidence for Roman Spectacle and Sport 438Gregory S. Aldrete30 Trends in the Study of Roman Spectacle and Sport 451Jerry TonerPart II Spectacles and Sport in Rome 46331 Gladiatorial Combat as Alluring Spectacle 465Garrett G. Fagan32 Women with Swords: Female Gladiators in the Roman World 478Stephen Brunet33 Roman Chariot Racing: Charioteers, Factions, Spectators 492Sinclair Bell34 Roman Beast Hunts 505Chris Epplett35 Spectacular Executions in the Roman World 520Chris Epplett36 Greek Sports in Rome 533Hugh M. LeePart III People, Settings, Ideas 54337 Amphitheaters in the Roman World 545Hazel Dodge38 Venues for Spectacle and Sport (other than Amphitheaters) in the Roman World 561Hazel Dodge39 People on the Margins of Roman Spectacle 578Rose MacLean40 Religion and Roman Spectacle 590John Zaleski41 Ancient Critics of Roman Spectacle and Sport 603Kathryn MammelPart IV Later Roman Spectacle and Sport 61742 Romanization through Spectacle in the Greek East 619Michael J. Carter43 Spectacle and Sport in Constantinople in the Sixth Century CE 633David Alan ParnellIndex 646