Linda A. Cumberland is a former language director at the Kaw Nation of Oklahoma. She has received grants for language preservation research from the Wenner-Gren Foundation, Fulbright Foundation, National Science Foundation, and the National Endowment for the Humanities.

“A Grammar of Nakoda (Assiniboine) is an outstanding work that describes the phonological, grammatical, and syntactical structures of Nakoda, as well as some lexical peculiarities. Since this grammar is written within a descriptive framework, it is highly accessible and will be useful for both researchers and Nakoda-language teachers and students.”-Vincent Collette, coauthor of A Concise Dictionary of Nakoda (Assiniboine) “The grammar presented here by Tųwį Linda is the foremost resource gathered and produced for the Nakoda language. Her work within Nakoda communities over decades has proven her determination to save a language. This resource, now updated, is an accurate and detailed grammar. Our tribe is forever grateful to Linda for her friendship and love.”-Kenneth “Tuffy” Helgeson (Lodge Pole Nakoda), a Nakoda instructor at Aaniiih Nakoda College and at Hays Lodgepole High School on the Fort Belknap Indian Reservation “I believe this will become the definitive grammar on Assiniboine, and as such, it will serve a very important role in language maintenance and revitalization programs.”-John Boyle, associate professor of linguistics at Fresno State University

• List of IllustrationsList of TablesAcknowledgmentsList of RulesList of Abbreviations1. Introduction2. Phonology3. Nouns and Pronouns4. Kinship5. Adverbs6. Verbs7. The KI Morphemes8. Motion Verbs9. Enclitics and Postverbal Particles10. Determiners11. SyntaxAppendix A: Big SnakeAppendix B: ĮktÓmi and FoxAppendix C: Crow Belt CeremonyAppendix D: Instrumental PrefixesAppendix E: Orthographic EquivalenciesAppendix F: IdiomsAppendix G: ConsultantsNotesReferences

Linda A. Cumberland is a former language director at the Kaw Nation of Oklahoma. She has received grants for language preservation research from the Wenner-Gren Foundation, Fulbright Foundation, National Science Foundation, and the National Endowment for the Humanities.

“A Grammar of Nakoda (Assiniboine) is an outstanding work that describes the phonological, grammatical, and syntactical structures of Nakoda, as well as some lexical peculiarities. Since this grammar is written within a descriptive framework, it is highly accessible and will be useful for both researchers and Nakoda-language teachers and students.”-Vincent Collette, coauthor of A Concise Dictionary of Nakoda (Assiniboine) “The grammar presented here by Tųwį Linda is the foremost resource gathered and produced for the Nakoda language. Her work within Nakoda communities over decades has proven her determination to save a language. This resource, now updated, is an accurate and detailed grammar. Our tribe is forever grateful to Linda for her friendship and love.”-Kenneth “Tuffy” Helgeson (Lodge Pole Nakoda), a Nakoda instructor at Aaniiih Nakoda College and at Hays Lodgepole High School on the Fort Belknap Indian Reservation “I believe this will become the definitive grammar on Assiniboine, and as such, it will serve a very important role in language maintenance and revitalization programs.”-John Boyle, associate professor of linguistics at Fresno State University

• List of IllustrationsList of TablesAcknowledgmentsList of RulesList of Abbreviations1. Introduction2. Phonology3. Nouns and Pronouns4. Kinship5. Adverbs6. Verbs7. The KI Morphemes8. Motion Verbs9. Enclitics and Postverbal Particles10. Determiners11. SyntaxAppendix A: Big SnakeAppendix B: ĮktÓmi and FoxAppendix C: Crow Belt CeremonyAppendix D: Instrumental PrefixesAppendix E: Orthographic EquivalenciesAppendix F: IdiomsAppendix G: ConsultantsNotesReferences

Linda A. Cumberland is a former language director at the Kaw Nation of Oklahoma. She has received grants for language preservation research from the Wenner-Gren Foundation, Fulbright Foundation, National Science Foundation, and the National Endowment for the Humanities.

“A Grammar of Nakoda (Assiniboine) is an outstanding work that describes the phonological, grammatical, and syntactical structures of Nakoda, as well as some lexical peculiarities. Since this grammar is written within a descriptive framework, it is highly accessible and will be useful for both researchers and Nakoda-language teachers and students.”-Vincent Collette, coauthor of A Concise Dictionary of Nakoda (Assiniboine) “The grammar presented here by Tųwį Linda is the foremost resource gathered and produced for the Nakoda language. Her work within Nakoda communities over decades has proven her determination to save a language. This resource, now updated, is an accurate and detailed grammar. Our tribe is forever grateful to Linda for her friendship and love.”-Kenneth “Tuffy” Helgeson (Lodge Pole Nakoda), a Nakoda instructor at Aaniiih Nakoda College and at Hays Lodgepole High School on the Fort Belknap Indian Reservation “I believe this will become the definitive grammar on Assiniboine, and as such, it will serve a very important role in language maintenance and revitalization programs.”-John Boyle, associate professor of linguistics at Fresno State University

• List of IllustrationsList of TablesAcknowledgmentsList of RulesList of Abbreviations1. Introduction2. Phonology3. Nouns and Pronouns4. Kinship5. Adverbs6. Verbs7. The KI Morphemes8. Motion Verbs9. Enclitics and Postverbal Particles10. Determiners11. SyntaxAppendix A: Big SnakeAppendix B: ĮktÓmi and FoxAppendix C: Crow Belt CeremonyAppendix D: Instrumental PrefixesAppendix E: Orthographic EquivalenciesAppendix F: IdiomsAppendix G: ConsultantsNotesReferences