Medicine Between Science and Religion

Vincanne Adams is Professor and Director of the University of California San Francisco Graduate Program in Medical Anthropology (joint with UC Berkeley). Her books include Tigers of the Snow and Other Virtual Sherpas (1996), Doctors for Democracy (1998) and Sex and Development (with Stacy Pigg, 2005). Mona Schrempf is a Researcher in social and medical anthropology, affiliated with the Central Asian Seminar, Humboldt University Berlin. She has edited and contributed to Studies of Medical Pluralism in Tibetan History and Society (in press), Figurations of Modernity: Global and Local Representations in Comparative Perspective (2008) and Soundings in Tibetan Medicine: Anthropological and Historical Perspectives (2007). Sienna R. Craig is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Anthropology at Dartmouth College. She is the author of Horses Like Lightning: A Story of Passage through the Himalayas (2008), and the co-editor of Studies of Medical Pluralism in Tibetan History and Society (forthcoming).

"The implications of [this volume's] approach to knowledge and research have far-reaching implications beyond the limits of any one academic discipline, and may also inform choices concerning the provision of healthcare worldwide. Hence the insights proffered by the nuanced analyses of this book, framed as they are with such discerning editorial skill, have profound value for medical anthropology and, more generally, for social scientists, practitioners of healing arts, health seekers, and health providers as they (re)negotiate the theories and practices of health care in the liminal spaces that interface the science and religion of our increasingly globalised world." * Anthropos "This volume, containing thirteen articles, including an introduction by the editors and an illuminating conclusion by G. Samuel, is an excellent illustration of this development [of the advances made in medical anthropology over the last two decades]." * Religious Studies Review "This beautifully crafted volume explores the entanglement of science, medicine and religion, thus transporting us beyond all too common dualistic oppositions of tradition and modernity, science and religion. Close examination of the history of modern Tibetan medicine, and of healing encounters, clinical research and institutional changes, make it startlingly evident how biomedical science and its practices are extensively translated and transformed through incorporation into diverse Tibetan settings, even as Tibetan medicine, long since syncretic, is made yet more so - the traffic is decidedly two-way. Grounded in the sensibility of the sowa rigpa - the "science of healing" foundational to Tibetan medicine, these essays permit no facile interpretation of biomedicine as either usurper or savior. The profoundly humanistic insights of this book have worldwide significance, and should be read diligently by everyone involved in global health care and the social sciences of medicine." * Margaret Lock, Co-author, An Anthropology of Biomedicine "...an excellent contribution to the literature on Tibetan medicine in the context of modernity and globalization... The editors do an exceptional job at framing the analyses provided in specific chapters. Their introduction to the volume is wonderfully written and instructive to the reader in regards to the scope and intent of the volume" * Craig Janes, Simon Fraser University, BC

• List of Illustrations List of Figures and Maps Acknowledgements Notes on Transliteration Notes on Contributors Introduction Chapter 1. Medicine in Translation between Science and Religion Vincanne Adams, Mona Schrempf and Sienna R. Craig PART I: HISTORIES OF TIBETAN MEDICAL MODERNITIES Chapter 2. Biomedicine in Tibet at the Edge of Modernity Alex McKay Chapter 3. Tibetan Medicine and Russian Modernities Martin Saxer PART II: PRODUCING SCIENCE, TRUTH AND MEDICAL MORALITIES Chapter 4. Navigating 'Modern Science' and 'Traditional Culture': The Dharamsala Men-Tsee-Khang in India Stefan Kloos Chapter 5. A Tibetan Way of Science: Revisioning Biomedicine as Tibetan Practice Vincanne Adams, Renchen Dhondup and Phuoc Le Chapter 6. Correlating Biomedical and Tibetan Medical Concepts in Amchi Medical Practice Barbara Gerke PART III: THERAPEUTIC RITUALS AND SITUATED CHOICES Chapter 7. Between Mantra and Syringe: Healing and Health-Seeking Behaviour in Contemporary Amdo Mona Schrempf Chapter 8. The Extension of Obstetrics In Ladakh Kim Gutschow Chapter 9. From Empowerments to Power Calculations: Notes on Efficacy, Value, and Method Sienna R. Craig PART IV: RESEARCH IN TRANSLATION Chapter 10. Qualitative and Quantitative Research Methodology in Tibetan Medicine: History, Background, and Development of Research in Sowa Rigpa Mingji Cuomu Chapter 11. The Four Tantras and the Global Market: Changing Epistemologies of Dra ('bras) versus Cancer Olaf Czaja Chapter 12. Re-integrating the Dharmic Perspective in Bio-Behavioural Research of a Tibetan Yoga Intervention (tsalung trukhor) for People with Cancer M. Alejandro Chaoul Epilogue Chapter 13. Towards a Sowa Rigpa Sensibility Geoffrey Samuel Index