Crisis of Race in Higher Education

William F. Tate IV holds the Edward Mallinckrodt Distinguished University Professor in Arts & Sciences at Washington University in St. Louis. He serves as the Dean of the Graduate School and Vice Provost for Graduate Education. Tate has a particular interest in STEM attainment. Ongoing research projects include understanding the distal and social factors that predict STEM doctoral degree attainment broadly defined to include highly quantitative social sciences disciplines. His co-edited book titled, Beyond Stock Stories and Folktales: African Americans’ Paths to STEM Fields captures the direction of this research program. Also, his research has focused on the development of epidemiological and geospatial models to explain the social determinants of education, health, and developmental outcomes. His book project titled, Research on Schools, Neighborhoods, and Communities: Toward Civic Responsibility reflects his interest in the geography of opportunity in metropolitan America. In 2016, he was elected to membership in the National Academy of Education. Nancy Staudt is a nationally renowned scholar in tax, tax policy, and empirical legal studies. Staudt has served as an advisory panelist and/or board member to organizations such as the National Science Foundation, the Association of American Law Schools’ Tax Section, and the Law and Society Association. Before assuming her deanship, Staudt served as vice dean for faculty and academic affairs at the University of Southern California Gould School of Law and as the inaugural holder of the Edward G. Lewis Chair in Law and Public Policy; she was the Class of 1940 Research Professor of Law at Northwestern University and a Professor of law at Washington University from 2000 to 2006. Staudt has held visiting professorships at Vanderbilt University, Boston University, and the Interdisciplinary Center in Herzliya, Israel, and she has been a visiting scholar at Stanford University. Prior to her academic appointments, Staudt was a tax associate at Morrison & Foerster in San Francisco. She clerked for the Honorable John T. Noonan on the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit in San Francisco, and she provided free legal services to both battered women and organizations seeking tax-exempt status from the federal government. Ashley Macrander, Ph.D., is the Assistant Dean for Graduate Student Affairs at Washington University in St. Louis, where she advances professional and leadership development opportunities for the university’s graduate and professional students. Her broad research interests include the study of access and identity development among students of color and low socioeconomic status students in predominantly White higher education environments both domestically and internationally. Aligned with this research agenda, Ashley has taught at Tsinghua University in Beijing, studied at the University of Helsinki, and published work on the social determinants of access to higher education in South Africa. Her most recent research examines the political economy of international student mobility and the intersections of race, diversity, and international student status in U.S. higher education.

Editors Tate, Staudt, and Macrander present readers with a collection of academic essays and scholarly articles focused on the event “Race & Ethnicity: A Day of Discovery and Dialogue” at Washington University and the work of staff, faculty, and students to improve inclusivity on the university campus and in the city surrounding it. The editors have organized the nineteen selections that make up the main body of the text in four parts devoted to the social construction of race and ethnicity, race and ethnicity in everyday life, moving beyond stereotypes, and the future and the university community. William F. Tate IV, Nancy Staudt, and Ashley Macrander are faculty members of Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri.

• Foreword—Tales To Astonish: Why Race Matters And Why It Shouldn’t - Gerald Early IntroductionSECTION 1: THE SOCIAL CONSTRUCTION OF RACE AND ETHNICITYGenetics and the Origins Of Race - Robert Sussman, Garland Allen and Alan Templeton The Missing Box: Multiracial Student Identity Development at a Predominantly White Institution - Ashley Macrander and Rachelle Winkle-Wagner Narrating Race and Identities from the Periphery: Diversity, Dilemma, and Discourses - Linling Gao-MilesSECTION 2: RACE AND ETHNICITY IN EVERYDAY LIFERetaining Students of Color in Higher Education: Expanding Our Focus to Psychosocial Adjustment and mental Health - Juliette M. Iacovino and Sherman A. James Roadblocks on the Way to Higher Education: Non-Dominant Cultural Capital, Race, and the “Schools are Equalizer” Myth - Olivia Marcucci and Rowhea Elmesky Learning to Live Together: Connecting the Classroom to the Community for Racial Justice in Housing - Molly W. MetzgerAcademic and Community Partnerships and Social Change - Vetta L. Sanders Thompson and Sula M. Hood SECTION 3: MOVING BEYOND STEREOTYPESOn the Light Versus Dark Side of Empathy: Implications for Intergroup Dynamics in a Diverse Society - Stephanie A. Peak, Emily J. Hanson, Fade R. Eadeh and Alan J. Lambert Storytelling in Higher Education - Shyam AkulaThe Roots are Racism: Historical and Current Racial Bias on College Campuses and their (Unintended) Push on the Diversity Agenda - LaTanya N. Buck and Purvi Patel Bringing Ourselves Back from Extinction in Academia: Becoming an Indigenous Scholar - Savannah Martin A Future of Native Students: From Victimization to Value to Victory - Carol Schuermann, Molly Tovar and David A. Patterson Silver WolfSECTION 4: THE FUTURE AND OUR UNIVERSITY COMMUNITYThe Chancellor’s Graduate Fellowship Program: A Pre- and Post-Grutter Analysis - Sheri R. Notaro, Erin Daugherty, Mark C. Hogrebe, Pat Howard, Diana Hill Mitchell and William F. Tate IVDoing Diversity in Higher Education for International Students - James V. Wertsch and Teresa Sarai The John B. Ervin Scholars Program’s “Legacy of Commitment”: Grounded in Discovery and Dialogue - Michelle A. PurdyHonoring our Investment: Low-Income Student Success at Washington University in St. Louis - Shyam Akula and Scott JacobsAcademic Support for an Increasingly Diverse Undergraduate Population: Challenges in Initiative Design and Implementation - Jennifer R. Smith, Heather J. Rice and Michael ChangA Private University Called to a Public Mission: Selective Higher Education, Diversity, and Access - Ashley Macrander and H. Holden Thorp Afterword—The Crisis of Race in Higher Education: A Focus on Inclusion - Mark S. Wrighton