Edited by Rob Hallak, Associate Professor in Management, University of South Australia, Australia and Craig Lee, Associate Professor of Tourism, UniSA Business, University of South Australia, Australia

‘In conclusion, The Handbook of Tourism Entrepreneurship provides a thoughtful and well-rounded introduction to the field, making it an excellent resource for students, educators, and practitioners alike. [...] The book successfully bridges the gap between theory and practice, offering a springboard for deeper exploration into the entrepreneurial challenges and opportunities within tourism. Educators, in particular, will find the case studies and conceptual discussions valuable for keeping their curriculum current and engaging. This work encourages readers to engage with the entrepreneurs’ critical challenges and opportunities, bridging the gap between theory and the dynamic realities of the tourism business.’

• Contents:PART I CONCEPTUAL FOUNDATIONS OF TOURISM ENTREPRENEURSHIP1 An introduction to tourism entrepreneurship 2Rob Hallak and Craig Lee2 Researching tourism entrepreneurship 10Alison Morrison and Vlatka Skokic3 The role of knowledge exchange for tourism entrepreneurshipdevelopment at a destination: the case of Åre in Sweden 24Annika Cawthorn and Anna Sörensson4 Game-based learning for more sustainable tourism businesses 34Sara LupiniPART II THE TOURISM ENTREPRENEUR5 Human capital, social capital, and psychological capital of tourismentrepreneurs 56Craig Lee, Rob Hallak and Ismail Shaheer6 Tourism entrepreneurship and leadership 69Faith Samkange, Haywantee Ramkissoon and Mary Amponsah7 Motivation of tourism lifestyle entrepreneurs: a self-determinationtheory perspective 87An Luong, Craig Lee and Susan Houge Mackenzie8 Iron caged? Gender difference in business–family conflict ofentrepreneurs running homestay businesses 103Jiaqi Yan and Stephen X. Zhang9 Entrepreneurship and gender in tourism 121Shruti Sardeshmukh and Ronda M. Smith10 Psychological resilience and tourism entrepreneurs 132Girish Prayag11 Innovation in times of crisis: responses from Australian tourism andhospitality SMES during Covid-19 143Van Khanh Nguyen, Ana Delevska and Sandra Cherro OsorioPART III THE TOURISM ENTERPRISE12 What drives the performance of tourism enterprises? A systematicreview of the literature 161Humeyra Dogru-Dastan13 Tourism enterprises and barriers to business growth 177Taufik Abdullah, Neil Carr and Craig Lee14 Tourism business startup: recognizing opportunities and barriers to entry 189Álvaro Dias15 Advances in entrepreneurial orientation and firm performance intourism: a bibliometric study 202Wanniwat Pansuwong, Nathatenee Gebsombut and Mohtsham Saeed16 Entrepreneurial marketing in tourism enterprises: findings from threeenterprises in Finland 220Kati Suomi, Arja Lemmetyinen and Riikka Franzén17 Enhancing family hospitality SME employees’ pro-organizationalattitudes through human resource development practices 234Michael J. Mustafa and Hazel Melanie Ramos18 Family firms in tourism and hospitality: how do innovation factorsinteract across different life cycle stages? 247B.A. López-Chávez, B. A. and A. KallmuenzerPART IV TOURISM ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND THE DESTINATION19 Conceptualizing the tourism entrepreneurial ecosystem 266Iris Hrund Halldorsdottir and Andreas Walmsley20 Identity of place, place identity, and tourism entrepreneurship 278Rob Hallak21 Indigenous tourism on customary land in the Pacific: from the land,within the land, and on the land 289Sarah Rice and Suli Vunibola22 Place, community and tourism entrepreneurship 306Richard S. Aquino, Ning Chris Chen and Jakia Rajoana23 Tourism SME disaster management: the case of the Great East JapanEarthquake 317Takatoshi Murayama, Graham Brown and Kohsuke Matsuoka24 The role of government in tourism entrepreneurship 332Burcin Kalabay HatipogluPART V DIGITALIZATION AND TOURISM ENTREPRENEURSHIP25 How digital technology impacts tourism business models in Australiantourism destinations 352Wanniwat Pansuwong, Victoria Nakku and Allan O’Connor26 Tourism enterprises and distribution: the effects of online food deliveryplatforms and online travel agencies 371Peter O’Connor27 The impact of the sharing economy on tourism microentrepreneurship 384Kourosh Esfandiar, Jafar Bapiri and Salar Kuhzady28 Crowdfunding in tourism and hospitality: a review and research agenda 399Zeynab Aeeni, Boshra Mohajer, Vahid Ghasemi and Salar Kuhzady29 Entrepreneurship and innovation in tourism: examining immersivetechnologies, virtual reality, and augmented reality 412M. Rosario González-Rodríguez, M. Carmen Díaz-Fernández and ÁlvaroLopes Dias

Edited by Rob Hallak, Associate Professor in Management, University of South Australia, Australia and Craig Lee, Associate Professor of Tourism, UniSA Business, University of South Australia, Australia

‘In conclusion, The Handbook of Tourism Entrepreneurship provides a thoughtful and well-rounded introduction to the field, making it an excellent resource for students, educators, and practitioners alike. [...] The book successfully bridges the gap between theory and practice, offering a springboard for deeper exploration into the entrepreneurial challenges and opportunities within tourism. Educators, in particular, will find the case studies and conceptual discussions valuable for keeping their curriculum current and engaging. This work encourages readers to engage with the entrepreneurs’ critical challenges and opportunities, bridging the gap between theory and the dynamic realities of the tourism business.’

• Contents:PART I CONCEPTUAL FOUNDATIONS OF TOURISM ENTREPRENEURSHIP1 An introduction to tourism entrepreneurship 2Rob Hallak and Craig Lee2 Researching tourism entrepreneurship 10Alison Morrison and Vlatka Skokic3 The role of knowledge exchange for tourism entrepreneurshipdevelopment at a destination: the case of Åre in Sweden 24Annika Cawthorn and Anna Sörensson4 Game-based learning for more sustainable tourism businesses 34Sara LupiniPART II THE TOURISM ENTREPRENEUR5 Human capital, social capital, and psychological capital of tourismentrepreneurs 56Craig Lee, Rob Hallak and Ismail Shaheer6 Tourism entrepreneurship and leadership 69Faith Samkange, Haywantee Ramkissoon and Mary Amponsah7 Motivation of tourism lifestyle entrepreneurs: a self-determinationtheory perspective 87An Luong, Craig Lee and Susan Houge Mackenzie8 Iron caged? Gender difference in business–family conflict ofentrepreneurs running homestay businesses 103Jiaqi Yan and Stephen X. Zhang9 Entrepreneurship and gender in tourism 121Shruti Sardeshmukh and Ronda M. Smith10 Psychological resilience and tourism entrepreneurs 132Girish Prayag11 Innovation in times of crisis: responses from Australian tourism andhospitality SMES during Covid-19 143Van Khanh Nguyen, Ana Delevska and Sandra Cherro OsorioPART III THE TOURISM ENTERPRISE12 What drives the performance of tourism enterprises? A systematicreview of the literature 161Humeyra Dogru-Dastan13 Tourism enterprises and barriers to business growth 177Taufik Abdullah, Neil Carr and Craig Lee14 Tourism business startup: recognizing opportunities and barriers to entry 189Álvaro Dias15 Advances in entrepreneurial orientation and firm performance intourism: a bibliometric study 202Wanniwat Pansuwong, Nathatenee Gebsombut and Mohtsham Saeed16 Entrepreneurial marketing in tourism enterprises: findings from threeenterprises in Finland 220Kati Suomi, Arja Lemmetyinen and Riikka Franzén17 Enhancing family hospitality SME employees’ pro-organizationalattitudes through human resource development practices 234Michael J. Mustafa and Hazel Melanie Ramos18 Family firms in tourism and hospitality: how do innovation factorsinteract across different life cycle stages? 247B.A. López-Chávez, B. A. and A. KallmuenzerPART IV TOURISM ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND THE DESTINATION19 Conceptualizing the tourism entrepreneurial ecosystem 266Iris Hrund Halldorsdottir and Andreas Walmsley20 Identity of place, place identity, and tourism entrepreneurship 278Rob Hallak21 Indigenous tourism on customary land in the Pacific: from the land,within the land, and on the land 289Sarah Rice and Suli Vunibola22 Place, community and tourism entrepreneurship 306Richard S. Aquino, Ning Chris Chen and Jakia Rajoana23 Tourism SME disaster management: the case of the Great East JapanEarthquake 317Takatoshi Murayama, Graham Brown and Kohsuke Matsuoka24 The role of government in tourism entrepreneurship 332Burcin Kalabay HatipogluPART V DIGITALIZATION AND TOURISM ENTREPRENEURSHIP25 How digital technology impacts tourism business models in Australiantourism destinations 352Wanniwat Pansuwong, Victoria Nakku and Allan O’Connor26 Tourism enterprises and distribution: the effects of online food deliveryplatforms and online travel agencies 371Peter O’Connor27 The impact of the sharing economy on tourism microentrepreneurship 384Kourosh Esfandiar, Jafar Bapiri and Salar Kuhzady28 Crowdfunding in tourism and hospitality: a review and research agenda 399Zeynab Aeeni, Boshra Mohajer, Vahid Ghasemi and Salar Kuhzady29 Entrepreneurship and innovation in tourism: examining immersivetechnologies, virtual reality, and augmented reality 412M. Rosario González-Rodríguez, M. Carmen Díaz-Fernández and ÁlvaroLopes Dias

Edited by Rob Hallak, Associate Professor in Management, University of South Australia, Australia and Craig Lee, Associate Professor of Tourism, UniSA Business, University of South Australia, Australia

‘In conclusion, The Handbook of Tourism Entrepreneurship provides a thoughtful and well-rounded introduction to the field, making it an excellent resource for students, educators, and practitioners alike. [...] The book successfully bridges the gap between theory and practice, offering a springboard for deeper exploration into the entrepreneurial challenges and opportunities within tourism. Educators, in particular, will find the case studies and conceptual discussions valuable for keeping their curriculum current and engaging. This work encourages readers to engage with the entrepreneurs’ critical challenges and opportunities, bridging the gap between theory and the dynamic realities of the tourism business.’

• Contents:PART I CONCEPTUAL FOUNDATIONS OF TOURISM ENTREPRENEURSHIP1 An introduction to tourism entrepreneurship 2Rob Hallak and Craig Lee2 Researching tourism entrepreneurship 10Alison Morrison and Vlatka Skokic3 The role of knowledge exchange for tourism entrepreneurshipdevelopment at a destination: the case of Åre in Sweden 24Annika Cawthorn and Anna Sörensson4 Game-based learning for more sustainable tourism businesses 34Sara LupiniPART II THE TOURISM ENTREPRENEUR5 Human capital, social capital, and psychological capital of tourismentrepreneurs 56Craig Lee, Rob Hallak and Ismail Shaheer6 Tourism entrepreneurship and leadership 69Faith Samkange, Haywantee Ramkissoon and Mary Amponsah7 Motivation of tourism lifestyle entrepreneurs: a self-determinationtheory perspective 87An Luong, Craig Lee and Susan Houge Mackenzie8 Iron caged? Gender difference in business–family conflict ofentrepreneurs running homestay businesses 103Jiaqi Yan and Stephen X. Zhang9 Entrepreneurship and gender in tourism 121Shruti Sardeshmukh and Ronda M. Smith10 Psychological resilience and tourism entrepreneurs 132Girish Prayag11 Innovation in times of crisis: responses from Australian tourism andhospitality SMES during Covid-19 143Van Khanh Nguyen, Ana Delevska and Sandra Cherro OsorioPART III THE TOURISM ENTERPRISE12 What drives the performance of tourism enterprises? A systematicreview of the literature 161Humeyra Dogru-Dastan13 Tourism enterprises and barriers to business growth 177Taufik Abdullah, Neil Carr and Craig Lee14 Tourism business startup: recognizing opportunities and barriers to entry 189Álvaro Dias15 Advances in entrepreneurial orientation and firm performance intourism: a bibliometric study 202Wanniwat Pansuwong, Nathatenee Gebsombut and Mohtsham Saeed16 Entrepreneurial marketing in tourism enterprises: findings from threeenterprises in Finland 220Kati Suomi, Arja Lemmetyinen and Riikka Franzén17 Enhancing family hospitality SME employees’ pro-organizationalattitudes through human resource development practices 234Michael J. Mustafa and Hazel Melanie Ramos18 Family firms in tourism and hospitality: how do innovation factorsinteract across different life cycle stages? 247B.A. López-Chávez, B. A. and A. KallmuenzerPART IV TOURISM ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND THE DESTINATION19 Conceptualizing the tourism entrepreneurial ecosystem 266Iris Hrund Halldorsdottir and Andreas Walmsley20 Identity of place, place identity, and tourism entrepreneurship 278Rob Hallak21 Indigenous tourism on customary land in the Pacific: from the land,within the land, and on the land 289Sarah Rice and Suli Vunibola22 Place, community and tourism entrepreneurship 306Richard S. Aquino, Ning Chris Chen and Jakia Rajoana23 Tourism SME disaster management: the case of the Great East JapanEarthquake 317Takatoshi Murayama, Graham Brown and Kohsuke Matsuoka24 The role of government in tourism entrepreneurship 332Burcin Kalabay HatipogluPART V DIGITALIZATION AND TOURISM ENTREPRENEURSHIP25 How digital technology impacts tourism business models in Australiantourism destinations 352Wanniwat Pansuwong, Victoria Nakku and Allan O’Connor26 Tourism enterprises and distribution: the effects of online food deliveryplatforms and online travel agencies 371Peter O’Connor27 The impact of the sharing economy on tourism microentrepreneurship 384Kourosh Esfandiar, Jafar Bapiri and Salar Kuhzady28 Crowdfunding in tourism and hospitality: a review and research agenda 399Zeynab Aeeni, Boshra Mohajer, Vahid Ghasemi and Salar Kuhzady29 Entrepreneurship and innovation in tourism: examining immersivetechnologies, virtual reality, and augmented reality 412M. Rosario González-Rodríguez, M. Carmen Díaz-Fernández and ÁlvaroLopes Dias