David J. Armor is Professor Emeritus of Public Policy at George Mason University, USA.Stanton Wheeler was Ford Foundation Professor of Law and the Social Sciences (Emeritus) at Yale Law School, USA.Hugh F. Cline was Adjunct Professor of Sociology and Education at Teacher's College, Columbia University, USA.

• 1. Scandinavian Prisons in Perspective.- 2. Research Design and Methods.- 3. Social Change and the Prison.- 4. The Social Climate of the Prisons.- 5. Personal Background and Response to Incarceration.- 6. Patterns of Social Involvement and Inmate to Response to Incarceration.- 7. Personal Response in Divergent Prison Environments.- 8. Considerations of Justice in the Sentencing and Treatment of Scandinavian Prison Inmates.

David J. Armor is Professor Emeritus of Public Policy at George Mason University, USA.Stanton Wheeler was Ford Foundation Professor of Law and the Social Sciences (Emeritus) at Yale Law School, USA.Hugh F. Cline was Adjunct Professor of Sociology and Education at Teacher's College, Columbia University, USA.

• 1. Scandinavian Prisons in Perspective.- 2. Research Design and Methods.- 3. Social Change and the Prison.- 4. The Social Climate of the Prisons.- 5. Personal Background and Response to Incarceration.- 6. Patterns of Social Involvement and Inmate to Response to Incarceration.- 7. Personal Response in Divergent Prison Environments.- 8. Considerations of Justice in the Sentencing and Treatment of Scandinavian Prison Inmates.

David J. Armor is Professor Emeritus of Public Policy at George Mason University, USA.Stanton Wheeler was Ford Foundation Professor of Law and the Social Sciences (Emeritus) at Yale Law School, USA.Hugh F. Cline was Adjunct Professor of Sociology and Education at Teacher's College, Columbia University, USA.

• 1. Scandinavian Prisons in Perspective.- 2. Research Design and Methods.- 3. Social Change and the Prison.- 4. The Social Climate of the Prisons.- 5. Personal Background and Response to Incarceration.- 6. Patterns of Social Involvement and Inmate to Response to Incarceration.- 7. Personal Response in Divergent Prison Environments.- 8. Considerations of Justice in the Sentencing and Treatment of Scandinavian Prison Inmates.