Vian Bakir is Professor in Journalism and Political Communication at Bangor University, UK. Her most recent book is Intelligence Elites & Public Accountability: Relationships of Influence with Civil Society (2019). Andrew McStay is Professor of Digital Life at Bangor University, UK. His most recent book is Emotional AI: The Rise of Empathic Media (2018).

• Part I Conceptual Tools and Contexts .-1 Optimising Emotion: Introducing the Civic Body .- 2 Core Incubators of False Information Online .- 3 Affective Contexts Worldwide .- 4 The Nature and Circulation of False Information .- 5 Feeling-Into the Civic Body: Affect, Emotions and Moods .- 6 Profiling, Targeting and the Increasing Optimisation of Emotional Life .- Part II Strengthening the Civic Body .-7 Harms to the Civic Body from False Information Online .- 8 Defending the Civic Body from False Information Online .- 9 Strengthening the Civic Body as the Bandwidth for Optimised Emotion Expands

Vian Bakir is Professor in Journalism and Political Communication at Bangor University, UK. Her most recent book is Intelligence Elites & Public Accountability: Relationships of Influence with Civil Society (2019). Andrew McStay is Professor of Digital Life at Bangor University, UK. His most recent book is Emotional AI: The Rise of Empathic Media (2018).

• Part I Conceptual Tools and Contexts .-1 Optimising Emotion: Introducing the Civic Body .- 2 Core Incubators of False Information Online .- 3 Affective Contexts Worldwide .- 4 The Nature and Circulation of False Information .- 5 Feeling-Into the Civic Body: Affect, Emotions and Moods .- 6 Profiling, Targeting and the Increasing Optimisation of Emotional Life .- Part II Strengthening the Civic Body .-7 Harms to the Civic Body from False Information Online .- 8 Defending the Civic Body from False Information Online .- 9 Strengthening the Civic Body as the Bandwidth for Optimised Emotion Expands

Vian Bakir is Professor in Journalism and Political Communication at Bangor University, UK. Her most recent book is Intelligence Elites & Public Accountability: Relationships of Influence with Civil Society (2019). Andrew McStay is Professor of Digital Life at Bangor University, UK. His most recent book is Emotional AI: The Rise of Empathic Media (2018).

• Part I Conceptual Tools and Contexts .-1 Optimising Emotion: Introducing the Civic Body .- 2 Core Incubators of False Information Online .- 3 Affective Contexts Worldwide .- 4 The Nature and Circulation of False Information .- 5 Feeling-Into the Civic Body: Affect, Emotions and Moods .- 6 Profiling, Targeting and the Increasing Optimisation of Emotional Life .- Part II Strengthening the Civic Body .-7 Harms to the Civic Body from False Information Online .- 8 Defending the Civic Body from False Information Online .- 9 Strengthening the Civic Body as the Bandwidth for Optimised Emotion Expands