Rousiley C.M. Maia is Professor of Political Communication at the Federal University of Minas Gerais.Gabriella Hauber was a postdoctoral researcher at the Federal University of Minas Gerais when this book was written. She is currently Assistant Professor of Communication at the Federal Technological University of CuritibaTariq Choucair was a doctoral student at the Federal University of Minas Gerais when this book was written. He is currently a Postdoctoral Fellow at the Digital Media Research Center at the Queensland University of Technology.

• 1. Introduction.- 2. Normative Controversies: Challenges to Apply a Systemic Approach to Deliberation.- 3. Bringing the Public Sphere and the Media Back to the Systemic Approach.- 4. Justifications as a Linkage Mechanism.- 5. Reason-Giving across Arenas: Elite Actors.- 6. Reason-Giving across Arenas: Broader Public of Citizens.- 7. The Emotional Dimension of Reason-Giving.- 8. Emotions and Reasoning in Divided Groups.- 9. Conclusion and Research Outlook.