This book provides numerous modern technical research accomplishments in the area of nanocomposites for defense, aeronautical, and aerospace applications. Recent developments, new challenges, future aspects, preparation, and characterization of nanocomposites materials are discussed in detail. It offers an introduction to fiber-reinforced polymers, to rubber-based nanocomposites, to radio frequency identification tag, to polycarbonates and optical fiber-guided robotic laser ultrasonic systems. It is an essential resource for researchers, students, and engineers in industry.