Electronic Democracy in Europe

Ralf Lindner is a Professor for Political Science at the Department for Politics & Public Affairs at the Quadriga Hochschule in Berlin and a senior researcher at the Fraunhofer Institute for Systems and Innovation Research (ISI) in Karlsruhe. He received his degree in political science and economics from the University of Augsburg, completed graduate work at the University of British Columbia (Vancouver) and post-graduate studies at Carleton University (Ottawa). His doctoral dissertation focuses on the application and integration of digital networks in the communication strategies of intermediary organisations. In addition to his research in the area of new media and society, Professor Lindner has specialised in science, technology and innovation policy analyses.Leonhard Hennen studied sociology and political sciences, Dr. Phil. in sociology from Technical University Aachen, Germany. After five years as a social scientist at the departmentof "Technology and Society" at the National Research Centre Jülich (projects on "technology and everyday life", "risk-communication"), he was (1991 to 2005) project manager at the Office of Technology Assessment at the German Parliament, which is run by the Institute of Technology Assessment, Research Centre Karlsruhe. He has been responsible for TA projects on Genetic Testing, Pre-implantation Diagnostics, and Brain Sciences as well as for projects on public acceptance of technologies and technology controversies, Sustainable Development, Research Policy and others. He participated in several European projects on concepts and methods of TA (Europta, TAMI). Since 2006 he has been coordinator of the European Technology Assessment Group (ETAG). Research interests: Sociology of Technology, Technology Policy, Concepts and Methods of Technology Assessment, TA in the field of Biomedicine. Georg Aichholzer is project director and senior researcher at the Institute of Technology Assessment (ITA) of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (since 1993), and senior lecturer at Vienna University of Economics and Business (since 1992). He holds a PhD in Sociology (University of Vienna) and has extensive research and teaching experience in technology assessment and impact assessment, with a special focus on interrelations of information and communication technologies and society, as well as related policies. Recent fields of interest are electronic governance and electronic democracy, particularly in the area of climate policies.

• Acknowledgements.- Electronic Democracy in Europe. An Introduction.- Part I: The E-Public in Europe.- Part II: E-Participation.- Part III: E-Voting.