Jussi Jalonen, Ph.D. (2014), University of Tampere, is a researcher and a military historian. He has published monographs, popular books, edited works and several articles on Finnish soldiers and volunteers in various foreign wars in the 19th and 20th centuries.

• ContentsContents vAcknowledgements xList of Figures xiList of Maps and Tables xiiIntroduction 1The Cultural History of Warfare and Finnish Military History 2Modern War Experience and Finnish Soldiers in the Tsarist RussianArmy 6Emotions and Mentality, Experience and Narratives 9Nationalism and War in the 19th Century 12The Polish November Rising and its Historiography 21A Word on the Sources and Contents of this Book 251 The Battalion as a Society 30The Russian Guards and ‘Inclusive Imperialism’ 31Elites in Transition: Finnish Offfijicers, their Family Background andRelations 36The Rank and File: NCO s, Sharp-Shooters and Civilian StaffMembers 50Integration and Indoctrination: Military Culture in the Battalion 59Offfijicers of the Empire, Soldiers of the Nation, Men of the People 732 The Onset of War 77Loyalty and Discontent, Subservience and Insurrection 78Mobilization and the Expectations of Conflict 85Journey to the Battlefijield 90Patriotism, Camaraderie and Family Ties 95The Emotions of Departure 1013 The Battles in Mazovia, April–May 1831 103The Overture: The Defense of the Bug Riverbanks, April 1831 105The First Campaign on Cholera: The Finnish Guard in the Spring of1831 115The Baptism of Fire: The Clash at Przetycz 121Capitulation and Defeat: The Encirclement at Długosiodło 126The Signifijicance of the Battles 1294 The Noble Enemy. The War as a Trans-National Experience 134The November Rising as a Trans-Cultural War: Polish Recollections ofForeign Soldiers 136Finnish Soldiers on the Battlefijield and the Recollections of PolishOfffijicers 141Loyal Finnish Offfijicers and Uprooted Finnish Soldiers in PolishPortrayals 150Finnish Offfijicers and their Impressions of Polish Soldiers andCivilians 158Images of the ‘Other’ and Interaction with the Enemy 1675 Combat, Glory and Captivity: Finnish Offfijicers and Soldiers in theSummer of 1831 171Faith, Honor and Responsibility: Lieutenant Colonel Lagerborg as theBattalion’s Commander 173Combat, Death and the Body: Lieutenant Adolf Aminofff in the Defenseof Tykocin 182Dreams and Destitution: Ensign August Cronhjelm’s Troubles in theCampaign 194Captivity and Cooperation: Sven Jonas Stille and the Finnish Prisonersof War 199Discourses of Survival 2096 Destitution and Triumph: The Closing Stages of the Campaign 214Epidemics and Logistics: The Operations of the Finnish Guard fromJune to August, 1831 215The Last Battlefijield Casualties: The Storming of Rakowiec andSzczęśliwice 224The Finnish Battalion as Part of the Russian Occupation Forces inWarsaw 235The Journey Home 244Shades of Misery, Shades of Victory 2487 Home and Hearth: Finnish Society and the Polish Campaign 251Controls and Censorship: The Public Atmosphere in Finland during thePolish Uprising 252Wartime News, Correspondence, and its Obstacles 259Wartime Anxieties, Fears and Mourning as Collective Experiences 263Duty, Honor and Pride: The Sense of Triumph and Glory at Home 271Departed Men and Families Apart: Finnish Soldiers and their Families inHistory’s Margins 278The Reaction of the Intelligentsia: Wartime Opposition and OtherSentiments 284War of the Elites 2928 After the War: The Legacy of the Polish Campaign 296The Final Reckoning: Total Casualties and Journeys Home 297Rewards of Peace, Leadership in War 301War and Remembrance: The Polish Campaign in Literature, Art, Politicsand Culture 307Politics of the Empire, Memories of the Nation 316Conclusion: Loyalty, Fatherland and Forgotten Sacrifijices 319Bibliography 325Index 351ContentsContents viiAcknowledgements x

Jussi Jalonen, Ph.D. (2014), University of Tampere, is a researcher and a military historian. He has published monographs, popular books, edited works and several articles on Finnish soldiers and volunteers in various foreign wars in the 19th and 20th centuries.

• ContentsContents vAcknowledgements xList of Figures xiList of Maps and Tables xiiIntroduction 1The Cultural History of Warfare and Finnish Military History 2Modern War Experience and Finnish Soldiers in the Tsarist RussianArmy 6Emotions and Mentality, Experience and Narratives 9Nationalism and War in the 19th Century 12The Polish November Rising and its Historiography 21A Word on the Sources and Contents of this Book 251 The Battalion as a Society 30The Russian Guards and ‘Inclusive Imperialism’ 31Elites in Transition: Finnish Offfijicers, their Family Background andRelations 36The Rank and File: NCO s, Sharp-Shooters and Civilian StaffMembers 50Integration and Indoctrination: Military Culture in the Battalion 59Offfijicers of the Empire, Soldiers of the Nation, Men of the People 732 The Onset of War 77Loyalty and Discontent, Subservience and Insurrection 78Mobilization and the Expectations of Conflict 85Journey to the Battlefijield 90Patriotism, Camaraderie and Family Ties 95The Emotions of Departure 1013 The Battles in Mazovia, April–May 1831 103The Overture: The Defense of the Bug Riverbanks, April 1831 105The First Campaign on Cholera: The Finnish Guard in the Spring of1831 115The Baptism of Fire: The Clash at Przetycz 121Capitulation and Defeat: The Encirclement at Długosiodło 126The Signifijicance of the Battles 1294 The Noble Enemy. The War as a Trans-National Experience 134The November Rising as a Trans-Cultural War: Polish Recollections ofForeign Soldiers 136Finnish Soldiers on the Battlefijield and the Recollections of PolishOfffijicers 141Loyal Finnish Offfijicers and Uprooted Finnish Soldiers in PolishPortrayals 150Finnish Offfijicers and their Impressions of Polish Soldiers andCivilians 158Images of the ‘Other’ and Interaction with the Enemy 1675 Combat, Glory and Captivity: Finnish Offfijicers and Soldiers in theSummer of 1831 171Faith, Honor and Responsibility: Lieutenant Colonel Lagerborg as theBattalion’s Commander 173Combat, Death and the Body: Lieutenant Adolf Aminofff in the Defenseof Tykocin 182Dreams and Destitution: Ensign August Cronhjelm’s Troubles in theCampaign 194Captivity and Cooperation: Sven Jonas Stille and the Finnish Prisonersof War 199Discourses of Survival 2096 Destitution and Triumph: The Closing Stages of the Campaign 214Epidemics and Logistics: The Operations of the Finnish Guard fromJune to August, 1831 215The Last Battlefijield Casualties: The Storming of Rakowiec andSzczęśliwice 224The Finnish Battalion as Part of the Russian Occupation Forces inWarsaw 235The Journey Home 244Shades of Misery, Shades of Victory 2487 Home and Hearth: Finnish Society and the Polish Campaign 251Controls and Censorship: The Public Atmosphere in Finland during thePolish Uprising 252Wartime News, Correspondence, and its Obstacles 259Wartime Anxieties, Fears and Mourning as Collective Experiences 263Duty, Honor and Pride: The Sense of Triumph and Glory at Home 271Departed Men and Families Apart: Finnish Soldiers and their Families inHistory’s Margins 278The Reaction of the Intelligentsia: Wartime Opposition and OtherSentiments 284War of the Elites 2928 After the War: The Legacy of the Polish Campaign 296The Final Reckoning: Total Casualties and Journeys Home 297Rewards of Peace, Leadership in War 301War and Remembrance: The Polish Campaign in Literature, Art, Politicsand Culture 307Politics of the Empire, Memories of the Nation 316Conclusion: Loyalty, Fatherland and Forgotten Sacrifijices 319Bibliography 325Index 351ContentsContents viiAcknowledgements x

Jussi Jalonen, Ph.D. (2014), University of Tampere, is a researcher and a military historian. He has published monographs, popular books, edited works and several articles on Finnish soldiers and volunteers in various foreign wars in the 19th and 20th centuries.

• ContentsContents vAcknowledgements xList of Figures xiList of Maps and Tables xiiIntroduction 1The Cultural History of Warfare and Finnish Military History 2Modern War Experience and Finnish Soldiers in the Tsarist RussianArmy 6Emotions and Mentality, Experience and Narratives 9Nationalism and War in the 19th Century 12The Polish November Rising and its Historiography 21A Word on the Sources and Contents of this Book 251 The Battalion as a Society 30The Russian Guards and ‘Inclusive Imperialism’ 31Elites in Transition: Finnish Offfijicers, their Family Background andRelations 36The Rank and File: NCO s, Sharp-Shooters and Civilian StaffMembers 50Integration and Indoctrination: Military Culture in the Battalion 59Offfijicers of the Empire, Soldiers of the Nation, Men of the People 732 The Onset of War 77Loyalty and Discontent, Subservience and Insurrection 78Mobilization and the Expectations of Conflict 85Journey to the Battlefijield 90Patriotism, Camaraderie and Family Ties 95The Emotions of Departure 1013 The Battles in Mazovia, April–May 1831 103The Overture: The Defense of the Bug Riverbanks, April 1831 105The First Campaign on Cholera: The Finnish Guard in the Spring of1831 115The Baptism of Fire: The Clash at Przetycz 121Capitulation and Defeat: The Encirclement at Długosiodło 126The Signifijicance of the Battles 1294 The Noble Enemy. The War as a Trans-National Experience 134The November Rising as a Trans-Cultural War: Polish Recollections ofForeign Soldiers 136Finnish Soldiers on the Battlefijield and the Recollections of PolishOfffijicers 141Loyal Finnish Offfijicers and Uprooted Finnish Soldiers in PolishPortrayals 150Finnish Offfijicers and their Impressions of Polish Soldiers andCivilians 158Images of the ‘Other’ and Interaction with the Enemy 1675 Combat, Glory and Captivity: Finnish Offfijicers and Soldiers in theSummer of 1831 171Faith, Honor and Responsibility: Lieutenant Colonel Lagerborg as theBattalion’s Commander 173Combat, Death and the Body: Lieutenant Adolf Aminofff in the Defenseof Tykocin 182Dreams and Destitution: Ensign August Cronhjelm’s Troubles in theCampaign 194Captivity and Cooperation: Sven Jonas Stille and the Finnish Prisonersof War 199Discourses of Survival 2096 Destitution and Triumph: The Closing Stages of the Campaign 214Epidemics and Logistics: The Operations of the Finnish Guard fromJune to August, 1831 215The Last Battlefijield Casualties: The Storming of Rakowiec andSzczęśliwice 224The Finnish Battalion as Part of the Russian Occupation Forces inWarsaw 235The Journey Home 244Shades of Misery, Shades of Victory 2487 Home and Hearth: Finnish Society and the Polish Campaign 251Controls and Censorship: The Public Atmosphere in Finland during thePolish Uprising 252Wartime News, Correspondence, and its Obstacles 259Wartime Anxieties, Fears and Mourning as Collective Experiences 263Duty, Honor and Pride: The Sense of Triumph and Glory at Home 271Departed Men and Families Apart: Finnish Soldiers and their Families inHistory’s Margins 278The Reaction of the Intelligentsia: Wartime Opposition and OtherSentiments 284War of the Elites 2928 After the War: The Legacy of the Polish Campaign 296The Final Reckoning: Total Casualties and Journeys Home 297Rewards of Peace, Leadership in War 301War and Remembrance: The Polish Campaign in Literature, Art, Politicsand Culture 307Politics of the Empire, Memories of the Nation 316Conclusion: Loyalty, Fatherland and Forgotten Sacrifijices 319Bibliography 325Index 351ContentsContents viiAcknowledgements x