#BRokenPromises, Black Deaths, & Blue Ribbons

Kenneth J. Fasching-Varner, Ph.D. (2009), The Ohio State University, is the Shirely B. Barton Endowed Associate Professor of Education at Louisiana State University. He has published many articles, books, and book chapters addressing race and racial equity, including Trayvon Martin, Race, and American Justice: Writing Wrong (Sense, 2014).Kerri J. Tobin, Ph.D. (2011), Vanderbilt University, is Assistant Professor of Education at Louisiana State University. She has published numerous articles, books, and book chapters on homelessness and social justice, including Homelessness Comes To School (Corwin Press, 2011).Stephen M. Lenz, J.D. (2002), Syracuse University, is Instructor of Paralegal Studies at Baton Rouge Community College. Lentz is a former Assistant District Attorney in Luzerne County Pennsylvania, as well as a classroom teacher in Tennessee, Pennsylvania, and New York.

• Black Bodies, Blue Ribbons: An IntroductionKenneth J. Fasching-Varner, Kerri J. Tobin and Stephen M. Lentz1. The Jim Crow Effect on Federal Policy and Practice: Social Engineering and the Making of Metropolis in Black and WhiteIssac Carter, Beatriz Gonzalez and Cleveland Hayes2. The Costs of Whistling, Orange Juice, and Skittles: An Anti-Black Examination of the Extrajudicial Killings of Black YouthJustin A. Coles3. The Myth of Post-Emancipation: Utilizing the 1857 Dred Scott Decision and the 2017 Chicago Department of Justice Report to Examine Hyper-Policing, Black Freedom, and Strategies for ResistanceEbony Rose4. East vs. West: The Industrious and Inconsistent Rising of Buffalo, New YorkRoland L. Ward and Isiah Marshall Jr5. Historical Categorical Inequality: The Creation of Two Segregated Cities within an Urban CentreGeoffrey L. Wood6. Segregation Then, Segregation Now: A Tale of Two Cities within One Urban AreaMelinda Jackson-Jefferson and Deondra Warner7. The Double Penalty: How School and Neighborhood Segregation Affects Racial ConflictPatricia Maloney8. All That Glitters Isn’t GoldDeanna Hayes-Wilson9. The Contested New Territory: Integration and DissatisfactionAriel Quinio10. Cranes, Cones, and Invisible Walls: How Zip Codes, Economic Development, and Housing Patterns Strengthen SegregationDerrick Robinson11. Fighting the Powers That Be: Examining Conflicting Dual Legitimate Powers Operative in Urban AmericaSharon D. Jones-Eversley, Diane M. Harnek Hall and Jacqueline M. Rhoden-Trader12. The Decreasing Value of Labor in the Modern Age Broken Promise: Black Deaths and Blue RibbonsDerrick D. McKisick13. A Tale of Two Cities: A Divide of White and Black Non-UnificationErica L. Bumpers14. Living in a WarzoneJaquial Durham15. Police Brutality in North Charleston, South Carolina: Somebody Has to Say SomethingAntonio L. Ellis and Eddie Vanderhorst16. An Inspired Protest: Notes from Baton Rouge 2016 ProtestsDeleon M. Wilson17. We Don’t Want No Trouble: Inspiring White Accomplices and Solidarity in the Age of All Lives MatterTaharee A. Jackson18. On the Frontlines: The Role of Social Media in the Charlotte ProtestsTiffany Hollis19. Truths We Don’t ShareErin Dreeszen20. Under-Educated and Over-AdjudicatedJemimah L. Young21. The Role of Faith in Advocating for Black MindsRebecca A. Neal and Idara Essien22. Blacklivesmatter, But Only So Much? Evaluating Per Pupil Expenditures in Two Detroit Metropolitan School DistrictsAmber C. Bryant23. Us Versus Them: Charter Schools, Vouchers, and the New SegregationLawrence Baines, Jennie Hanna and Stacey Hill24. Policing the SchoolKerri J. Tobin and Stephen M. Lentz25. The Hardened HeartJeff Frank26. Alternatives to Over Utilizing Law Enforcement in Our Schools: Hearing from Administrators & Teachers in Milwaukee County SchoolsRanda Suleiman and Jim Hollar27. Education, Economics & Segregation in Baton RougeJohn Williams, III, Amber C. Bryant and Chance W. Lewis28. What Does It Mean to be United?Clarice Thomas and Martha Donovan29. Wounds and Band-Aids in a Divided SocietyJie Yu30. White MattersAaron J. Griffen