Kun Bai:Professor Kun Bai received his B.S. degree from Zhejiang University, China in 2006 and earned his M. S. and Ph. D. degrees from the Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering at Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, US in 2009 and 2012 respectively. Currently, he is an Associate Professor with the State Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology and the School of Mechanical Science and Engineering at Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China. Prof. Bai's research areas include smart electromagnetic actuators/sensors and novel applications, in which he has published over 20 peer-viewed papers and held over 10 international and domestic patents. He has extensive expertise and experience in developing direct drive electromagnetic actuators. He has been PI for several funded projects regarding manufacturing and robotics where spherical motors has been developed for applications such as conformal printing, haptic device, desktop machining-stage. Kok-Meng Lee:Professor Kok-Meng Lee earned his B.S. degree from the University of Buffalo, the State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA, in 1980, and M. S. and Ph. D. degrees from Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA, in 1982 and 1985, respectively. He is currently Professor of Mechanical Engineering at Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA. He is also Distinguished Professor with the State Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China, under Thousand Talents Plan. Prof. Lee’s research interests include system dynamics/control, robotics, automation, and mechatronics. He is a world renowned researcher with more than 30 years of research experience in magnetic field modeling and design, optimization and implementation of electromagnetic actuators. He has published over 150 peer-reviewed papers and he holds eight patents in machinevision, three degrees of freedom (DOF) spherical motor/encoder, and live-bird handling system. He is IEEE/ASME Fellow and was the Editor-in-Chief for the IEEE/ASME Transactions on Mechatronics from 2008 to 2013. Recognitions of his research contributions include the National Science Foundation (NSF) Presidential Young Investigator, Sigma Xi Junior Faculty Research, International Hall of Fame New Technology, and Kayamori Best Paper awards.

• Introduction.- Part One: Modelling Methods for PMSMs.- Distributed Multi-Pole Models.- Magnetic Force/Torque Model for Real-Time Control.- Part Two: Sensing Methods for PMSMs.- Field-Based Orientation Sensing.- A Back-EMF for Multi-DOF Method on a PMSM.- Part 3: Control Methods for PMSMs.- Direct Field-Feedback Control.- A Two-mode Six-DOF Motion System based on a Ball-joint-like PMSM for Haptic Applications.

Kun Bai:Professor Kun Bai received his B.S. degree from Zhejiang University, China in 2006 and earned his M. S. and Ph. D. degrees from the Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering at Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, US in 2009 and 2012 respectively. Currently, he is an Associate Professor with the State Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology and the School of Mechanical Science and Engineering at Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China. Prof. Bai's research areas include smart electromagnetic actuators/sensors and novel applications, in which he has published over 20 peer-viewed papers and held over 10 international and domestic patents. He has extensive expertise and experience in developing direct drive electromagnetic actuators. He has been PI for several funded projects regarding manufacturing and robotics where spherical motors has been developed for applications such as conformal printing, haptic device, desktop machining-stage. Kok-Meng Lee:Professor Kok-Meng Lee earned his B.S. degree from the University of Buffalo, the State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA, in 1980, and M. S. and Ph. D. degrees from Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA, in 1982 and 1985, respectively. He is currently Professor of Mechanical Engineering at Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA. He is also Distinguished Professor with the State Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China, under Thousand Talents Plan. Prof. Lee’s research interests include system dynamics/control, robotics, automation, and mechatronics. He is a world renowned researcher with more than 30 years of research experience in magnetic field modeling and design, optimization and implementation of electromagnetic actuators. He has published over 150 peer-reviewed papers and he holds eight patents in machinevision, three degrees of freedom (DOF) spherical motor/encoder, and live-bird handling system. He is IEEE/ASME Fellow and was the Editor-in-Chief for the IEEE/ASME Transactions on Mechatronics from 2008 to 2013. Recognitions of his research contributions include the National Science Foundation (NSF) Presidential Young Investigator, Sigma Xi Junior Faculty Research, International Hall of Fame New Technology, and Kayamori Best Paper awards.

• Introduction.- Part One: Modelling Methods for PMSMs.- Distributed Multi-Pole Models.- Magnetic Force/Torque Model for Real-Time Control.- Part Two: Sensing Methods for PMSMs.- Field-Based Orientation Sensing.- A Back-EMF for Multi-DOF Method on a PMSM.- Part 3: Control Methods for PMSMs.- Direct Field-Feedback Control.- A Two-mode Six-DOF Motion System based on a Ball-joint-like PMSM for Haptic Applications.

Kun Bai:Professor Kun Bai received his B.S. degree from Zhejiang University, China in 2006 and earned his M. S. and Ph. D. degrees from the Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering at Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, US in 2009 and 2012 respectively. Currently, he is an Associate Professor with the State Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology and the School of Mechanical Science and Engineering at Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China. Prof. Bai's research areas include smart electromagnetic actuators/sensors and novel applications, in which he has published over 20 peer-viewed papers and held over 10 international and domestic patents. He has extensive expertise and experience in developing direct drive electromagnetic actuators. He has been PI for several funded projects regarding manufacturing and robotics where spherical motors has been developed for applications such as conformal printing, haptic device, desktop machining-stage. Kok-Meng Lee:Professor Kok-Meng Lee earned his B.S. degree from the University of Buffalo, the State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA, in 1980, and M. S. and Ph. D. degrees from Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA, in 1982 and 1985, respectively. He is currently Professor of Mechanical Engineering at Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA. He is also Distinguished Professor with the State Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China, under Thousand Talents Plan. Prof. Lee’s research interests include system dynamics/control, robotics, automation, and mechatronics. He is a world renowned researcher with more than 30 years of research experience in magnetic field modeling and design, optimization and implementation of electromagnetic actuators. He has published over 150 peer-reviewed papers and he holds eight patents in machinevision, three degrees of freedom (DOF) spherical motor/encoder, and live-bird handling system. He is IEEE/ASME Fellow and was the Editor-in-Chief for the IEEE/ASME Transactions on Mechatronics from 2008 to 2013. Recognitions of his research contributions include the National Science Foundation (NSF) Presidential Young Investigator, Sigma Xi Junior Faculty Research, International Hall of Fame New Technology, and Kayamori Best Paper awards.

• Introduction.- Part One: Modelling Methods for PMSMs.- Distributed Multi-Pole Models.- Magnetic Force/Torque Model for Real-Time Control.- Part Two: Sensing Methods for PMSMs.- Field-Based Orientation Sensing.- A Back-EMF for Multi-DOF Method on a PMSM.- Part 3: Control Methods for PMSMs.- Direct Field-Feedback Control.- A Two-mode Six-DOF Motion System based on a Ball-joint-like PMSM for Haptic Applications.