Aaron Schart – författare

For some years the view has become established that the Book of the Twelve is a systematically structured literary unity. An exegesis which takes the final canonical text seriously undertakes to understand the structure and theological intention of this unity. The papers collected here attempt to reveal significant structures which overarch the individual components. Particular emphasis is placed on the reconstruction of thematic threads which are created when individual prophets take up topics from their predecessors (e.g. Jehovah's Day, conversion, role of the peoples) and intensify them. The papers were written between 1999 and 2002 under the aegis of the Society of Biblical Literature's Working Group on The Formation of the Book of the Twelve.

The series Beihefte zur Zeitschrift für die alttestamentliche Wissenschaft (BZAW) covers all areas of research into the Old Testament, focusing on the Hebrew Bible, its early and later forms in Ancient Judaism, as well as its branching into many neighboring cultures of the Ancient Near East and the Greco-Roman world. BZAW welcomes submissions that make an original and significant contribution to the field; demonstrate sophisticated　engagement with the relevant secondary literature; and are written in readable, logical, and engaging prose.

Im Zwölfprophetenbuch spielen verschiedene Städte (Samaria, Bet-El, Jerusalem, Ninive, Babel u.a.) und deren religiöser Anspruch eine große Rolle. Der Sammelband enthält Aufsätze, die sich dem Thema von verschiedenen Seiten nähern. Das Selbstverständnis der kanonischen biblischen Texte kommt zu Wort, aber auch die Redaktionsgeschichte des Prophetenbuches, die Religion des alten Israels, der religionsgeschichtliche Vergleich und der archäologische Befund.Das eisenzeitliche Israel erlebte über die Jahrhunderte einen Urbanisierungsschub, der in seiner Wirkung auf die sozialen Strukturen der Wirkung der modernen Urbanisierung vergleichbar ist. Bei den Propheten des Alten Testaments finden wir die Auseinandersetzung mit den Folgen der Urbanisierung, der Segmentierung und der Pauperisierung von Teilen der Gesellschaft, dem sinkenden Einfluss familiärer Netzwerke und der steigenden Uneindeutigkeit bei der Zugehörigkeit zu Deutungsgemeinschaften. Die urbanen Zentren stehen für eine gewandelte Lebensform, die ambivalent gesehen wird. Sie stehen aber auch für eine Option der Präsenz Gottes in der Stadt, denn nach Auskunft der Propheten will YHWH nicht „auf jedem grünen Hügel und unter jedem grünen Baum“ verehrt werden.

For some years the view has become established that the Book of the Twelve is a systematically structured literary unity. An exegesis which takes the final canonical text seriously undertakes to understand the structure and theological intention of this unity. The papers collected here attempt to reveal significant structures which overarch the individual components. Particular emphasis is placed on the reconstruction of thematic threads which are created when individual prophets take up topics from their predecessors (e.g. Jehovah's Day, conversion, role of the peoples) and intensify them. The papers were written between 1999 and 2002 under the aegis of the Society of Biblical Literature's Working Group on The Formation of the Book of the Twelve.

Given James D. Nogalski’s contributions to research on the diachronic formation of the Book of the Twelve and its relationship to other Hebrew prophetic texts, this Festschrift in his honor looks ahead toward the next stages in Book of the Twelve scholarship: the relationship between the Twelve and other prophetic collections, texts, and conceptions of prophecy in the Hebrew Bible. Many scholars studying the formation of the Book of the Twelve note that composition models have to account not only for the literary relationship between the individual prophetic texts within the collection but also for the literary relationship between the Twelve and the other Hebrew texts that also developed in the exilic and postexilic periods. This area of inquiry benefits immensely from emerging insights into Ancient Mesopotamian and Mediterranean scribal practices, the scribal role of Levites in the Second Temple Period, and ancient conceptions of prophecy. In this Festschrift, Nogalski’s colleagues and students advance scholarly inquiry into the Twelve as a collection that developed in relation to and alongside other Hebrew texts and collections in the Second Temple Period. The authors in this volume explore the Twelve (in whole or in part) as it engages themes, motifs, and traditions found in other parts of the developing Hebrew scriptures.

Die Neuere Urkundenhypothese, die im 20. Jahrhundert als Standardtheorie diente, um die Entstehung des Pentateuchs zu erklären, ist von vielen Seiten in Frage gestellt worden. Ein wichtiger Textbereich, auf dessen Basis neue Vorschläge in die Diskussion eingebracht wurden, ist das Buch Numeri. Die Beiträge des Bandes behandeln die Redaktionsgeschichte des Buches von den frühesten bis zu den spätesten Schichten. Es werden Fragen behandelt wie das quellenkritische Verhältnis zu den Texten im Deuteronomium, der Stellenwert der späten gesetzlichen Fortschreibungen und deren Verhältnis zu Gesetzen in Levitikus und Deuteronomium und die Formation des Buches als normative "Tora" im Kontext des Pentateuch.Die Beiträge dieses Bandes gehen teilweise auf Vorträge auf einem Symposium mit dem Thema "Torah in the Book of Numbers" zurück, welches vom 12.-13. April 2011 an der Ruhr-Universität in Bochum stattfand, teilweise wurden sie eigens für diesen Band verfasst.

This commentary initially outlines a synchronous view of the final canonical text of Malachi, particularly in relation to the arguments set out in the disputations. The history of the text=s origins is then reconstructed. Removing the many additions reveals an originally independent collection of disputation texts. The additions introduce clarifying details that are felt to be necessary, add motifs from other writings in the Book of the Twelve Minor Prophets, or adapt the text to changed historical conditions. Finally, attention turns beyond the text of Malachi: as the last text in the Book of the Twelve Minor Prophets, Malachi makes reference to the preceding prophetic writings. The New Testament in turn takes up Malachi=s statements and develops them further. Finally, Schart examines the theological relevance of the book and also discusses questions of objective criticism and history of interpretation, as well as current issues.

This commentary initially outlines a synchronous view of the final canonical text of Malachi, particularly in relation to the arguments set out in the disputations. The history of the text=s origins is then reconstructed. Removing the many additions reveals an originally independent collection of disputation texts. The additions introduce clarifying details that are felt to be necessary, add motifs from other writings in the Book of the Twelve Minor Prophets, or adapt the text to changed historical conditions. Finally, attention turns beyond the text of Malachi: as the last text in the Book of the Twelve Minor Prophets, Malachi makes reference to the preceding prophetic writings. The New Testament in turn takes up Malachi=s statements and develops them further. Finally, Schart examines the theological relevance of the book and also discusses questions of objective criticism and history of interpretation, as well as current issues.

This commentary proceeds by first offering a synchronic view of the canonical final text of Malachi, especially the argumentation in the disputation speeches. Then the history of the text''s origins is reconstructed, revealing an originally independent collection of disputation speeches. The additions provide some precision, introduce motifs from other writings, or accommodate the text to changing historical frameworks. In a third move the reader''s view is directed beyond the Malachi document itself: as the last writing in the Book of the Twelve Prophets, Malachi refers back to other prophetic writings. The New Testament in turn adopts sayings from Malachi and develops them further. Finally, Schart investigates the theological relevance of the book.