Arthur H.M. van Roermund - Böcker

IGH-SPEED Digital to Analog (D/A) converters are essential components in digi- Htal communication systems providing the necessary conversion of signals encoding information in bits to signals encoding information in their amplitude vs. time domain characteristics. In general, they are parts of a larger system, the interface, which c- sists of several signal conditioning circuits. Dependent on where the converter is located within the chain of circuits in the interface, signal processing operations are partitioned in those realized with digital techniques, and those with analog. The rapid evolution of CMOS technology has established implicit and explicite trends related to the interface, and in particular to the D/A converter. The implicit relationship comes via the growth of digital systems. First, it is a global trend with respect to all interface circuits that increasing operating frequencies of digital systems place a similar demand for the interface circuits. The second trend takes place locally within the int- face. Initially, the D/A converter was placed at the beginning of the interface chain, and all signal conditioning was implemented in the analog domain after the D/A conversion. The increasing ?exibility and robustness of digital signal processing shifted the D/A converter closer to the end point of the chain where the demands for high quality high frequency operation are very high.

Analogue design still has, unfortunately, a flavour of art. Art can be beautiful. However, art in itself is difficult to teach to students and difficult to transfer from experienced analogue designers to new trainee designers in companies. This text aims to systemize analogue design. The use of orthogonalization of the design of the fundamental quality aspects (noise, distortion, and bandwidth) and hierarchy in the subsequent design steps, enables designers to achieve high-performance designs, in a relatively short time. As a result of the systematic design procedure, the effect of design decisions on the circuit performance is made clear. Additionally, the use of resources for reaching a specified performance is tracked. This text describes the structured electronic design of high-performance harmonic oscillators and bandgap references. The structured design of harmonic oscillators includes the maximization of the carrier-to-noise ratio by means of tapping, i.e. an impedance adaption method for noise matching. The bandgap reference, a popular implementation of a voltage reference, is studied via the unusual concept of the linear combination of base-emitter voltages.The presented method leads to the design of high-performance references in CMOS and Bipolar technology. Using this concept, on a high level of abstraction the quality with respect to, for instance, noise and power-supply rejection can be identified. In this book, it is shown with several design examples that this method provides an excellent starting point for the design of high-performance bandgap references. Auxiliary to the harmonic-oscillator and bandgap reference design are the negative- feedback amplifiers. The systematic design of the dynamic behavior is emphasized. By means of the identification of the dominant poles, it is possible to give an upper limit of the attainable bandwidth, even before the real frequency compensation is accomplished. This volume should be a valuable book for researchers and designers, as well as students in the field of analog design. It helps both the experienced and trainee designer to come to grips with the design of analogue circuits. The presented method is illustrated by several well-described design examples.

This tenth volume of Analog Circuit Design concentrates on 3 topics: 1. Scalable Analog Circuits, 2. High-Speed D/A Converters, and 3. RF Power Amplifiers. Each topic is covered by 6 papers, written by internationally recognized experts on that topic. These papers have a tutorial nature aimed at improving the design of analog circuits. The book is divided into three parts: Part I, Scalable Analog Circuit Design describes in 6 papers issues of: scalable high-speed design, scalable high-resolution mixed-mode ADC and OpAmp design, scalable high-voltage design for XDSL, scalability of wire-line front ends, reusable IP analog design, and porting CAD analog design. Part II, High-Speed D/A Converters describes in 6 papers issues of: Introduction to high-speed D/A converter design, retargetable 12-bit 200-MHz CMOS current steering design, high-speed CMOS D/A converters for upstream cable applications, static and dynamic performance limitations, the linearity challenge of D/A converters for communications, and a 400-MHz, 10-bit charge-domain CMOS D/A converter for low-spurious frequency synthesis.Part III, RF Power Amplifiers describes in 6 papers issues of: system aspects, overview and trade-offs, linear transmitter architectures, GaAs microwave SSPAs, Monolithic transformer-coupling in Si-bipolar, and RF power amplifier design in CMOS.

Log-domain and translinear filters provide a competitive alternative to the challenges of ever increasing low-voltage, low-power and high frequency demands in the area of continuous-time filters. Since translinear filters are fundamentally large-signal linear, they are capable of realizing a large dynamic range in combination with excellent tunability characteristics. Large-signal linearity is achieved by exploiting the accurate exponential behavior of the bipolar transistor or the subthreshold MOS transistor. A generalization of the dynamic translinear principle exploiting the square law behavior of the MOS transistor is theoretically possible, but not practically relevant. Translinear and log-domain filters are based on the dynamic translinear principle, a generalization of the conventional (static) translinear principle. Besides their application for linear filters, dynamic translinear circuits can also be used for the realization of non-linear dynamic functions, such as oscillators, RMS-DC converters and phase-locked loops. Dynamic Translinear and Log-Domain Circuits: Analysis and Synthesis covers both the analysis and synthesis of translinear circuits. The theory is presented using one unifying framework for both static and dynamic translinear networks, which is based on a current-mode approach. General analysis methods are presented, including the large-signal and non-stationary analysis of noise. A well-structured synthesis method is described greatly enhancing the designability of log-domain and translinear circuits. Comparisons are made with respect to alternative analysis and synthesis methods presented in the literature. The theory is illustrated and verified by various examples and realizations. Dynamic Translinear and Log-Domain Circuits: Analysis and Synthesis is an excellent reference for researchers and circuit designers, and may be used as a text for advanced courses on the topic.

Today, wireless infrared transmission has entered our homes, offices, industry and health care, with applications in the field of remote control, telemetry and local communication. This text covers the underlying technology. As most equipment is battery-powered, the emphasis is on power optimization of the infrared transmission system. System parameters as well as environmental parameters that determine the eventual transmission quality are identified, to facilitate well-reasoned system design. Many design rules, based on calculations, measurements and simulations, are presented to help the designer push the performance close to the limits set by nature and the available technology. Firstly, the basic transmission link is introduced, and strategies to optimize its signal-to-noise ratio are discussed. Lighting flicker is identified as a possible source of interference. Then, receiver noise and bandwidth are discussed. It is argued that noise optimization and bandwidth optimization do not necessarily conflict. The following chapters provide the reader with an overview of modulation and synchronization techniques.Pulse position modulation is recognized as an attractive technique for low-power purposes. As receiver synchronization in those systems is a subject hardly covered by literature, an in-depth discussion of possible synchronization subsystems is included. This reference is for researchers and designers of infrared communication systems and those who are involved in standardization activities (Infrared Data Association, IrDA). For those who are new to the area, the first chapter serves as an introduction.

In many electronic systems, such as telecommunication or measurement systems, oscillations play an essential role in the information processing. Oscillators and Oscillator Systems: Classification, Analysis and Synthesis takes a systematic approach to the design of high-performance oscillators and oscillator systems.

Analog Circuit Design contains the contribution of 18 experts from the 13th International Workshop on Advances in Analog Circuit Design. It is number 13 in the successful series of Analog Circuit Design.It provides 18 excellent overviews of analog circuit design in: Sensor and Actuator Interfaces, Integrated High-Voltage Electronics and Power Management, and Low-Power and High-Resolution ADC’s.Analog Circuit Design is an essential reference source for analog circuits designers and researchers wishing to keep abreast with the latest developments in the field. The tutorial coverage also makes it suitable for use in an advanced design course.

Analog Circuit Design contains the contribution of 18 tutorials of the 14th workshop on Advances in Analog Circuit Design. Each part discusses a specific todate topic on new and valuable design ideas in the area of analog circuit design. Each part is presented by six experts in that field and state of the art information is shared and overviewed. This book is number 14 in this successful series of Analog Circuit Design, providing valuable information and excellent overviews of analog circuit design, CAD and RF systems.Analog Circuit Design is an essential reference source for analog circuit designers and researchers wishing to keep abreast with the latest development in the field. The tutorial coverage also makes it suitable for use in an advanced design course.

1.1 Background Moore’s Law predicts a decrease by a factor of two in the feature size of CMOS te- nology every three years and has been valid for years. It implies a doubling of the - eration speed and a four times higher transistor count per unit of area, every three years. The combination leads to an eight times higher processing capability per unit of area. This on-going miniaturization allows the integration of complex electronic systems with millions of transistors (Very-Large-Scale-Integration) and enables the integration of el- tronic systems. An electronic system A generic picture of an integrated electronic system is shown in ?g. 1.1. The heart of the system is the signal processing core. This core supports a wide variety of functions, such as customization and programmability of multiple applications, channel coding, the de?nition of the user interface, etc. These functions are enabled by DSP, a controller CPU and various blocks of memory. In advanced ICs these blocks provide (almost) all signal processing and usually dominate in the overall power and area consumption of integrated systems. The huge data rates involved, require high-speed busses for communication between these blocks. A power-management unit fuels the system by providing the - propriate supply voltages and currents.

Analog Circuit Design contains in total 18 tutorials. They reflect the contributions of 6 experts in each of the three fields covered by the three chapters mentioned in the subtitle, as presented at the 15th workshop on Advances in Analog Circuit Design (AACD) held in Maastricht, April 2006. This book is number 15 in this successful series of Analog Circuit Design, providing valuable information and excellent overviews of analog circuit design and related CAD, mainly in the fields of basic analog modules, mixed-signal electronics, AD and DA converters, RF systems, and automotive electronics.Analog Circuit Design is an essential reference source for analog circuit designers and researchers wishing to keep abreast with the latest developments in the field. The tutorial coverage also makes it suitable for use in an advanced design course.

Switched capacitor (SC) techniques are well proven to be excellent candidates for implementing critical analogue functions with high accuracy, surpassing other analogue techniques when embedded in mixed-signal CMOS VLSI. Conventional SC circuits are primarily limited in accuracy by a) capacitor matching and b) the accuracy with which a differential amplifier can squeeze charge from one capacitor to another between clock periods. In Switched-Capacitor Techniques for High-Accuracy Filter and ADC Design, alternative SC techniques are proposed which allow the achievement of higher intrinsic analogue functional accuracy than previously possible in such application areas as analogue filter and ADC design. The design philosophy is to create the required functionality without relying on digital calibration or correction means but instead to develop methods which have reduced dependence on both component matching (especially capacitor matching) and parasitic effects (especially parasitic capacitance). However, the proposed techniques are just as amenable to further digital accuracy enhancement via calibration and/or correction as traditional methods. Two popular application areas are explored in the course of this book for exploitation of the proposed techniques, viz. SC filters and algorithmic ADCs - both cyclic and pipelined. Furthermore, efficient system level design procedures are explored in each of these two areas.The validity of the concepts developed and analyzed in Switched-Capacitor Techniques for High-Accuracy Filter and ADC Design has been demonstrated in practice with the design of CMOS SC bandpass filters and algorithmic ADC stages. For example, a 10.7MHz radio IF selectivity filter integrated in standard CMOS, employing the proposed methods, achieves an accuracy greater than ceramic filters. Another example is an ADC with better than 12-bit intrinsic accuracy, albeit capacitors with only 9-bits matching accuracy were used in the realization. The ADC architecture is also very robust and proven in an embedded digital VLSI application in the very newest 65nm CMOS. The power consumptions and silicon areas of the solutions proposed here are lower than other known solutions from the literature.

N this information era people are living in a society in which processing, ?ow and Iexchange of information are vital for their existence. Two major issues in such so- ety, which are related to ?ow and exchange of information, are connectivity and mobility. On one hand, computers and Internet provide connectivity and allow communication as well as fast access to large amounts of information. On the other hand, wireless techno- gies bring mobility. People can move and still be able to communicate and have access to various kind of information. Therefore, the functioning of an information society is unthinkable without the use of computers, Internet and wireless technologies. The exp- tations are that in the future they will merge into a unique system for communication, access to information as well as their exchange and processing. The era of wireless communications started in 1901, when Guglielmo Marconi s- cessfully transmitted radio signals across the Atlantic Ocean. From that moment up to now wireless communications experienced explosive growth and became the fastest growing ?eld in the engineering world. Pushed by customer requirements, new wireless techno- gies have been emerging very fast. Each new generation of wireless technologies have brought new features and more complexity. Pushed by market forces to reduce costs, the semiconductor industry has provided new technologies for solid-state circuits implem- tation. Fortunately at the same time with the cost reduction, performance of new te- nologies has been improving.

This work contains the contribution of 18 tutorials of the 11th Workshop on Advances in Analog Circuit Design, providing information and overviews of analogue circuit design, CAD, and RF systems. These books can be seen as a reference to those people involved in analogue and mixed signal design. The idea is to discuses in each book three specific to-date topics on new and valuable design ideas in the area of analog circuit design. Each topic is discussed by six experts in that field and state of the art information is shared and overviewed. In this 11th edition the topics are: structured-mixed-mode design, multi-bit sigma-delta converters and short range RF circuits.

Number 12 in the successful series of Analog Circuit Design provides valuable information and excellent overviews of analogue circuit design, CAD and RF systems. The series is an ideal reference for those involved in analogue and mixed-signal design.

This text covers the analysis and design of all high-frequency oscillators required to realize integrated transceivers for wireless and wired applications. This includes the design of oscillator types as single-phase LC oscillators, I/Q LC oscillators, multi-phase LC oscillators, and ring oscillators in various IC technologies such as bipolar, BiCMOS, CMOS, and SOI (silicon on insulator). Starting from an in depth review of basic oscillator theory, the authors discuss key oscillator specifications, numerous oscillator circuit topologies, and introduce the concepts of design figures of merit (FOMs) and benchmark FOMs, which assist the oscillator designer during the overall design cycle. Taking advantage of behavioural modelling, the elementary properties of LC oscillators and ring oscillators are analyzed first. A detailed analysis of oscillator properties at circuit level follows taking parasitic elements and other practical aspects of integrated oscillator design into account.Special attention is given to advantages and limitations of linear time invariant (LTI) phase noise modeling, leading to the concept of optimum coupling in I/Q LC oscillators and a simulation method for fast and efficient phase noise optimization in oscillators. In addition, all modern linear time variant (LTV) phase noise theories are covered. As not only phase noise is of high importance to the designer, but optimization of other oscillator properties as well, additional subjects such as various tuning methods of LC oscillators are analyzed, too. Design examples of integrated LC and ring oscillators in the frequency range of 100 MHz up to 11 GHz are thoroughly discussed throughout the book.

This work covers important physical-design issues that exist in contemporary analogue and mixed-signal design flows. Due to the increasing pressure on time-to-market, the steep increase in chip fabrication costs, and the increasing design complexity, it becomes even more challenging to produce a first-time right IC layout. The fundamental issues in creating a layout are placement and routing. Although these coupled problems have been investigated for many decades, no satisfactory automated solution has emerged yet. Fortunately, supported by modern computing power and results of new research that further improve computation efficiency, significant steps forward have been taken. This text brings together many principles and techniques required to successfully develop and implement layout generation tools to accommodate many mixed-signal layout generation needs. Not only does it provide a comprehensive overview of state-of-the-art concepts, it also illustrates many concepts with intuitive examples and pseudo code. Altogether, it facilitates creation of insight in a vast and complex area.For those who are new to the area of mixed-signal layout generation, this book should provides a useful introduction to advanced topics in this area.

Analog Circuit Design is based on the yearly Advances in Analog Circuit Design workshop. The aim of the workshop is to bring together designers of advanced analogue and RF circuits for the purpose of studying and discussing new possibilities and future developments in this field. Selected topics for AACD 2007 are: (1) Sensors, Actuators and Power Drivers for the Automotive and Industrial Environment (Tue 27 March) - Chaired by Herman Casier, AMI Semiconductor Fellow, Belgium; (2) Integrated PA's from Wireline to RF (Wed 28 March) - Chaired by Prof. Michiel Steyaert, Catholic University, Leuven; (3) Very High Frequency Front Ends (Thu 29 March) - Chaired by Prof. Arthur van Roermund, Eindhoven University of Technology.

Analog Circuit Design contains the contribution of 18 tutorials of the 17th workshop on Advances in Analog Circuit Design. Each part discusses a specific to-date topic on new and valuable design ideas in the area of analog circuit design. Each part is presented by six experts in that field and state of the art information is shared and overviewed. This book is number 17 in this successful series of Analog Circuit Design.

Wide-bandwidth high dynamic range Digital to Analog Converters (D/A) are essential elements of modern systems, e.g. multi-carrier communication systems. Current Steering D/A converters offer the potential to achieve high dynamic range for wide frequency bandwidths, however, their performance at higher frequencies is usually limited by strong nonlinear behavior. This behavior is not well understood and impedes performance progress. Wide-Bandwidth High Dynamic Range D/A Converters presents a structured description of the operation principles and the nonlinear behavior of Current Steering D/A Converters, and shows ways to deal with it in the design phase. The book provides the reader a thorough understanding of error mechanisms at high frequencies. It explains their effects and shows their dependencies with parameters of the processed signal, the architecture, its circuit blocks and their implementations. A highlight of the book is the detailed treatment of timing errors caused by circuit imperfections due to process mismatch and clock interconnects.The book follows a unique approach, building an analysis and synthesis framework of concepts with a generic scope beyond the current steering architecture. The concepts are tested in practice with the design and measurements of a high performance 12b 500MSample/sec Current Steering Digital to Analog Converter realized in 0.18m m CMOS.

Analog design still has, unfortunately, a flavor of art. Art can be beautiful. However, art in itself is difficult to teach to students and difficult to transfer from experienced analog designers to new trainee designers in companies. Structured Electronic Design: High-Performance Harmonic Oscillators and Bandgap References aims to systemize analog design. The use of orthogonalization of the design of the fundamental quality aspects (noise, distortion, and bandwidth) and hierarchy in the subsequent design steps, enables designers to achieve high-performance designs, in a relatively short time. As a result of the systematic design procedure, the effect of design decisions on the circuit performance is made clear. Additionally, the use of resources for reaching a specified performance is tracked. This book, therefore, describes the structured electronic design of high-performance harmonic oscillators and bandgap references. The structured design of harmonic oscillators includes the maximization of the carrier-to- noise ratio by means of tapping, i.e. an impedance adaption method for noise matching.The bandgap reference, a popular implementation of a voltage reference, is studied via the unusual concept of the linear combination of base-emitter voltages. The presented method leads to the design of high-performance references in CMOS and Bipolar technology. Using this concept, on a high level of abstraction the quality with respect to, for instance, noise and power-supply rejection can be identified. In this book, it is shown with several design examples that this method provides an excellent starting point for the design of high-performance bandgap references. Auxiliary to the harmonic-oscillator and bandgap reference design are the negative- feedback amplifiers. In this book the systematic design of the dynamic behavior is emphasized. By means of the identification of the dominant poles, it is possible to give an upper limit of the attainable bandwidth, even before the real frequency compensation is accomplished. Structured Electronic Design: High-Performance Harmonic Oscillators and Bandgap References is a valuable book for researchers and designers, as well as students in the field of analog design.It helps both the experienced and trainee designer to come to grips with the design of analog circuits. The presented method is illustrated by several well- described design examples.

This tenth volume of Analog Circuit Design concentrates on 3 topics: 1. Scalable Analog Circuits, 2. High-Speed D/A Converters, and 3. RF Power Amplifiers. Each topic is covered by 6 papers, written by internationally recognized experts on that topic. These papers have a tutorial nature aimed at improving the design of analog circuits. The book is divided into three parts: Part I, Scalable Analog Circuit Design describes in 6 papers issues of: scalable high-speed design, scalable high-resolution mixed-mode ADC and OpAmp design, scalable high-voltage design for XDSL, scalability of wire-line front ends, reusable IP analog design, and porting CAD analog design. Part II, High-Speed D/A Converters describes in 6 papers issues of: Introduction to high-speed D/A converter design, retargetable 12-bit 200-MHz CMOS current steering design, high-speed CMOS D/A converters for upstream cable applications, static and dynamic performance limitations, the linearity challenge of D/A converters for communications, and a 400-MHz, 10-bit charge-domain CMOS D/A converter for low-spurious frequency synthesis.Part III, RF Power Amplifiers describes in 6 papers issues of: system aspects, overview and trade-offs, linear transmitter architectures, GaAs microwave SSPAs, Monolithic transformer-coupling in Si-bipolar, and RF power amplifier design in CMOS.

Today, wireless infrared transmission has entered our homes, offices, industry and health care, with applications in the field of remote control, telemetry and local communication. Low-Power Wireless Infrared Communications is about the underlying technology. As most equipment is battery-powered, the emphasis is on power optimization of the infrared transmission system. System parameters as well as environmental parameters that determine the eventual transmission quality are identified, to facilitate well-reasoned system design. Many design rules, based on calculations, measurements and simulations, are presented to help the designer push the performance close to the limits set by nature and the available technology. Firstly, the basic transmission link is introduced, and strategies to optimize its signal-to-noise ratio are discussed. Lighting flicker is identified as a possible source of interference. Then, receiver noise and bandwidth are discussed. It is argued that noise optimization and bandwidth optimization do not necessarily conflict. The following chapters provide the reader with an overview of modulation and synchronization techniques.Pulse position modulation is recognized as an attractive technique for low-power purposes. As receiver synchronization in those systems is a subject hardly covered by literature, an in-depth discussion of possible synchronization subsystems is included. This book is essential reading for researchers and designers of infrared communication systems and those who are involved in standardization activities (Infrared Data Association, IrDA). For those who are new to the area, the first chapter serves as an ideal introduction.

In many electronic systems, such as telecommunication or measurement systems, oscillations play an essential role in the information processing. Each electronic system poses different requirements on these oscillations, depending on the type and performance level of that specific system. It is the designer's challenge to find the specifications for the desired oscillation and to implement an electronic circuit meeting these specifications. As the desired oscillations have to fulfill many requirements, the design process can become very complex. To find an optimal solution, the designer requires a design methodology that is preferably completely top-down oriented. To achieve such a methodology, it must be assured that each property of the system can be optimized independently of all other properties. Oscillators and Oscillator Systems: Classification, Analysis and Synthesis takes a systematic approach to the design of high-performance oscillators and oscillator systems. A fundamental classification of oscillators, based on their internal timing references, forms the basis of this approach. The classification enables the designer to make strategic design decisions at a high hierarchical level of the design process. Techniques, derived from the systematic approach, are supplied to the designer to enable him or her to bring the performance of the system as close as possible to the fundamental limits. Oscillators and Oscillator Systems: Classification, Analysis and Synthesis is an excellent reference for researchers and circuit designers, and may be used as a text for advanced courses on the topic.

Analog Circuit Design contains the contribution of 18 experts from the 13th International Workshop on Advances in Analog Circuit Design. It is number 13 in the successful series of Analog Circuit Design.It provides 18 excellent overviews of analog circuit design in: Sensor and Actuator Interfaces, Integrated High-Voltage Electronics and Power Management, and Low-Power and High-Resolution ADC’s.Analog Circuit Design is an essential reference source for analog circuits designers and researchers wishing to keep abreast with the latest developments in the field. The tutorial coverage also makes it suitable for use in an advanced design course.

Analog Circuit Design contains the contribution of 18 tutorials of the 11th Workshop on Advances in Analog Circuit Design. This book is number 11 in this successful series of Analog Circuit Design, providing valuable information and excellent overviews of analog circuit design, CAD, and RF systems. These books can be seen as a reference to those people involved in analog and mixed signal design.The idea is to discuss in each book three specific up-to-date topics on new and valuable design ideas in the area of analog circuit design. Each topic is discussed by six experts in that field and state of the art information is shared and overviewed.In this 11th edition the topics are Structured-Mixed-Mode Design, Muti-Bit Sigma-Delta Converters and Short Range RF Circuits.

Number 12 in the successful series of Analog Circuit Design provides valuable information and excellent overviews of analogue circuit design, CAD and RF systems. The series is an ideal reference for those involved in analogue and mixed-signal design.

High-Frequency Oscillator Design for Integrated Transceivers covers the analysis and design of all high-frequency oscillators required to realize integrated transceivers for wireless and wired applications. This includes the design of oscillator types as single-phase LC oscillators, I/Q LC oscillators, multi-phase LC oscillators, and ring oscillators in various IC technologies such as bipolar, BiCMOS, CMOS, and SOI (silicon on insulator). Starting from an in depth review of basic oscillator theory, the authors discuss key oscillator specifications, numerous oscillator circuit topologies, and introduce the concepts of design figures of merit (FOMs) and benchmark FOMs, which assist the oscillator designer during the overall design cycle. Taking advantage of behavioral modeling, the elementary properties of LC oscillators and ring oscillators are analyzed first. A detailed analysis of oscillator properties at circuit level follows taking parasitic elements and other practical aspects of integrated oscillator design into account. Special attention is given to advantages and limitations of linear time invariant (LTI) phase noise modeling, leading to the concept of optimum coupling in I/Q LC oscillators and a simulation method for fast and efficient phase noise optimization in oscillators. In addition, all modern linear time variant (LTV) phase noise theories are covered. As not only phase noise is of high importance to the designer, but optimization of other oscillator properties as well, additional subjects such as various tuning methods of LC oscillators are analyzed, too. Design examples of integrated LC and ring oscillators in the frequency range of 100 MHz up to 11 GHz are thoroughly discussed throughout the book.The clear and structured discussion of basic oscillator properties make High-Frequency Oscillator Design for Integrated Transceivers an excellent starting point for the inexperienced oscillator designer. The detailed analysis of many oscillator types and circuit topologies, the discussion of numerous practical design issues together with fast optimization methods, and more than 200 carefully selected literature references on oscillator literature, LC oscillator and ring oscillator designs make this book a very valuable resource for the experienced IC designer as well.

Mixed-Signal Layout Generation Concepts covers important physical-design issues that exist in contemporary analog and mixed-signal design flows. Due to the increasing pressure on time-to-market, the steep increase in chip fabrication costs, and the increasing design complexity, it becomes even more challenging to produce a first-time right IC layout. The fundamental issues in creating a layout are placement and routing. Although these coupled problems have been investigated for many decades, no satisfactory automated solution has emerged yet. Fortunately, supported by modern computing power and results of new research that further improve computation efficiency, significant steps forward have been taken.

Log-domain and translinear filters provide a competitive alternative to the challenges of ever increasing low-voltage, low-power and high frequency demands in the area of continuous-time filters. Since translinear filters are fundamentally large-signal linear, they are capable of realizing a large dynamic range in combination with excellent tunability characteristics. Large-signal linearity is achieved by exploiting the accurate exponential behavior of the bipolar transistor or the subthreshold MOS transistor. A generalization of the dynamic translinear principle exploiting the square law behavior of the MOS transistor is theoretically possible, but not practically relevant. Translinear and log-domain filters are based on the dynamic translinear principle, a generalization of the conventional (static) translinear principle. Besides their application for linear filters, dynamic translinear circuits can also be used for the realization of non-linear dynamic functions, such as oscillators, RMS-DC converters and phase-locked loops. Dynamic Translinear and Log-Domain Circuits: Analysis and Synthesis covers both the analysis and synthesis of translinear circuits. The theory is presented using one unifying framework for both static and dynamic translinear networks, which is based on a current-mode approach. General analysis methods are presented, including the large-signal and non-stationary analysis of noise. A well-structured synthesis method is described greatly enhancing the designability of log-domain and translinear circuits. Comparisons are made with respect to alternative analysis and synthesis methods presented in the literature. The theory is illustrated and verified by various examples and realizations. Dynamic Translinear and Log-Domain Circuits: Analysis and Synthesis is an excellent reference for researchers and circuit designers, and may be used as a text for advanced courses on the topic.