David R. Brown – författare

David R. Brown Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK In 1982 Stanley Prusiner and colleagues puri?ed an abnormal protein from the brains of mice experimentally infected with a rare sheep dis- 1 ease called scrapie . This protein was called the prion protein. Earlier work had suggested that this diseases and others, loosely collected - gether as transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs), were not transmitted by conventional infectious agents. Prusiner suggested that 2 this new protein was the infectious agent in these diseases . Such a contentious suggestion lead to ferocious debate. Many researchers still maintained that there was no such thing as an infectious protein. - spite this, by 1990 most people accepted that the cause of the TSEs was the abnormal isoform of the prion protein his research group had id- ti?ed. The most convincing evidence for this had come from the work of Charles Weissmann, whose prion protein knockout mice could not be infected because they lacked expression of the protein that was now 3,4 forever linked to these disease . Since then it has become more widely accepted for these diseases to be termed prion diseases. In 1997 when 5 Stanley Prusiner won the Nobel Prize for his work on prion diseases . Even then, there was still an element of resistance in the scienti?c c- munity. It was considered that, in order the transmissible agent to truly be a protein only, the protein would have to be generated from a rec- binant source.

David R. Brown Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK In 1982 Stanley Prusiner and colleagues puri?ed an abnormal protein from the brains of mice experimentally infected with a rare sheep dis- 1 ease called scrapie . This protein was called the prion protein. Earlier work had suggested that this diseases and others, loosely collected - gether as transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs), were not transmitted by conventional infectious agents. Prusiner suggested that 2 this new protein was the infectious agent in these diseases . Such a contentious suggestion lead to ferocious debate. Many researchers still maintained that there was no such thing as an infectious protein. - spite this, by 1990 most people accepted that the cause of the TSEs was the abnormal isoform of the prion protein his research group had id- ti?ed. The most convincing evidence for this had come from the work of Charles Weissmann, whose prion protein knockout mice could not be infected because they lacked expression of the protein that was now 3,4 forever linked to these disease . Since then it has become more widely accepted for these diseases to be termed prion diseases. In 1997 when 5 Stanley Prusiner won the Nobel Prize for his work on prion diseases . Even then, there was still an element of resistance in the scienti?c c- munity. It was considered that, in order the transmissible agent to truly be a protein only, the protein would have to be generated from a rec- binant source.

Bioinorganic chemistry has a cross disciplinary approach, applying the principles of chemistry to biological systems. Metallochemistry of Neurodegeneration: Biological, Chemical and Genetic Aspects discusses the rapidly developing area of metals in the nervous system and their role in neurodegenerative disease, such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and prion diseases. Written by leading experts in their fields, each chapter combines elements of genetics, biochemistry and biological inorganic chemistry in its discussion. The book highlights the differences in pathologies of neurodegenerative diseases but also discusses the mechanistic similarities. Sections include: metal ions and prion diseases; metal ions and Alzheimer disease; manganese in brain functioning; metal involvement in Parkinson disease; Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase and familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. This book will appeal to both chemists and biologists at the post graduate and research level.

David R. Brown Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK In 1982 Stanley Prusiner and colleagues puri?ed an abnormal protein from the brains of mice experimentally infected with a rare sheep dis- 1 ease called scrapie . This protein was called the prion protein. Earlier work had suggested that this diseases and others, loosely collected - gether as transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs), were not transmitted by conventional infectious agents. Prusiner suggested that 2 this new protein was the infectious agent in these diseases . Such a contentious suggestion lead to ferocious debate. Many researchers still maintained that there was no such thing as an infectious protein. - spite this, by 1990 most people accepted that the cause of the TSEs was the abnormal isoform of the prion protein his research group had id- ti?ed. The most convincing evidence for this had come from the work of Charles Weissmann, whose prion protein knockout mice could not be infected because they lacked expression of the protein that was now 3,4 forever linked to these disease . Since then it has become more widely accepted for these diseases to be termed prion diseases. In 1997 when 5 Stanley Prusiner won the Nobel Prize for his work on prion diseases . Even then, there was still an element of resistance in the scienti?c c- munity. It was considered that, in order the transmissible agent to truly be a protein only, the protein would have to be generated from a rec- binant source.

Marty Mann was the first woman to achieve long-term sobriety in Alcoholics Anonymous, and she inspired thousands of others, especially women, to help themselves.The little-known life of Marty Mann rivals a Masterpiece Theatre drama. She was born into a life of wealth and privilege, sank to the lowest depths of poverty and despair, then rose to inspire thousands of others, especially women, to help themselves. The first woman to achieve long-term sobriety in Alcoholics Anonymous, Marty Mann advocated the understanding that alcoholism is an issue of public health, not morality. In their fascinating book, Sally and David Brown shed light on this influential figure in recovery history. Born in Chicago in 1905, Marty was favored with beauty, brains, charisma, phenomenal energy, and a powerful will. She could also out drink anyone in her group of social elites. When her father became penniless, she was forced into work, landed a lucrative public relations position, and a decade later was destitute because of her drinking. She was committed to a psychiatric center in 1938-a time when the term alcoholism was virtually unknown, the only known treatment was "drying out," and two men were compiling the book Alcoholics Anonymous. Marty read it on the recommendation of psychiatrist Dr. Harry Tiebout: it was her first step toward sobriety and a long, illustrious career as founder of the National Council on Alcoholism, or NCA.In the early 1950s, journalist Edward R. Murrow selected Marty as one of the 10 greatest living Americans. Marty died of a stroke in 1980, shortly after addressing the AA international convention in New Orleans.This is a story of one woman''s indefatigable effort and indomitable spirit, compellingly told by Sally and David Brown.

Since the discovery of the pancreatic secretagogue secretin by W. M. BAYLISS and E. H. STARLING at the inception of the twentieth century, intense interest has focused on numerous, continually expanding classes of small peptides which appear to serve as regulatory molecules in the gastrointestinal tract, brain, and other organ systems. Initially, many of these substances were, like secretin, discovered in functional assays as "factors" or "activities" extractable in minute quantities from tissues or tissue fluids. By the middle of the century, advances in biochemical and immunological methods for the purification, characterization, and quantification of biologically active peptides in organ systems, tissues, and body fluids provided further impetus to this field. It was readily appreciated that small, biologically active peptides were particularly abundant in the digestive tract. Many peptides such as vasoactive intestinal peptide, gastrin, and more recently peptide YY and galanin were in fact originally discovered in and isolated from gut tissue. Moreover, these peptides were found to have profound actions on the gastroenteropancreatic system in vivo and in vitro. During the past 2 decades, information on regulatory peptides has burgeoned as a result of technological refinements in the synthesis of peptides, improved methods for detecting and visualizing peptides and their precursors in cells and tissues from a variety of species, advances in the functional assessment of peptide activity, and the application of molecular biological techniques to the char­ acterization of peptide gene structure and expression.

Since the discovery of the pancreatic secretagogue secretin by W. M. BAYLISS and E. H. STARLING at the inception of the twentieth century, intense interest has focused on numerous, continually expanding classes of small peptides which appear to serve as regulatory molecules in the gastrointestinal tract, brain, and other organ systems. Initially, many of these substances were, like secretin, discovered in functional assays as "factors" or "activities" extractable in minute quantities from tissues or tissue fluids. By the middle of the century, advances in biochemical and immunological methods for the purification, characterization, and quantification of biologically active peptides in organ systems, tissues, and body fluids provided further impetus to this field. It was readily appreciated that small, biologically active peptides were particularly abundant in the digestive tract. Many peptides such as vasoactive intestinal peptide, gastrin, and more recently peptide YY and galanin were in fact originally discovered in and isolated from gut tissue. Moreover, these peptides were found to have profound actions on the gastroenteropancreatic system in vivo and in vitro. During the past 2 decades, information on regulatory peptides has burgeoned as a result of technological refinements in the synthesis of peptides, improved methods for detecting and visualizing peptides and their precursors in cells and tissues from a variety of species, advances in the functional assessment of peptide activity, and the application of molecular biological techniques to the char­ acterization of peptide gene structure and expression.