The complexion of labour migration in the European Union (EU) has altered in recent years. Not only has there been a shift in the length of time labour migrants spend abroad, but the nature, scale and direction of the migration flows have also changed dramatically. The enlargements of the EU in 2004 and 2007 were influential in this respect. A growing economy and large wage gaps encouraged a large stream of workers to leave the new Member States for the old. The EU's open internal borders made it easy for them to return home or to move on to another Member State. This publication considers what this means for the future of labour migration and how policy should address this issue.

The complexion of labour migration in the European Union (EU) has altered in recent years. Not only has there been a shift in the length of time labour migrants spend abroad, but the nature, scale and direction of the migration flows have also changed dramatically. The enlargements of the EU in 2004 and 2007 were influential in this respect. A growing economy and large wage gaps encouraged a large stream of workers to leave the new Member States for the old. The EU's open internal borders made it easy for them to return home or to move on to another Member State. This publication considers what this means for the future of labour migration and how policy should address this issue.

Though the exact nature and delineation of Big Data is still unclear, it seems likely that Big Data will have an enormous impact on our daily lives. Exploring the Bounderies of Big Data serves as preparatory work for The Netherlands Scientific Council for Government Policy''s advice to the Dutch government, which has asked the Council to address questions regarding Big Data, security and privacy. It is divided into five parts, each part engaging with a different perspective on Big Data: the technical, empirical, legal, regulatory and international perspective. In the investigation Exploring the Boundaries of Big Data The Netherlands Scientific Council for Government Policy (WRR) offers building blocks for developing a regulatory approach to Big Data.

Though the exact nature and delineation of Big Data is still unclear, it seems likely that Big Data will have an enormous impact on our daily lives. Exploring the Bounderies of Big Data serves as preparatory work for The Netherlands Scientific Council for Government Policy''s advice to the Dutch government, which has asked the Council to address questions regarding Big Data, security and privacy. It is divided into five parts, each part engaging with a different perspective on Big Data: the technical, empirical, legal, regulatory and international perspective. In the investigation Exploring the Boundaries of Big Data The Netherlands Scientific Council for Government Policy (WRR) offers building blocks for developing a regulatory approach to Big Data.

This open access book offers an analysis of why preparations for digital disruption should become a stated goal of security policy and policies that aim to safeguard the continuity of critical infrastructure. The increasing use of digital technology implies new and significant vulnerabilities for our society. However, it is striking that almost all cyber-security measures taken by governments, international bodies and other major players are aimed at preventing incidents. But there is no such thing as total digital security. Whether inside or outside the digital domain, incidents can and will occur and may lead to disruption. While a raft of provisions, crisis contingency plans and legal regulations are in place to deal with the possibility of incidents in the ‘real world’, no equivalence exists for the digital domain and digital disruption. Hence, this book uniquely discusses several specific policy measures government and businesses should take in order to be better prepared to dealwith a digital disruption and prevent further escalation.

This open access book offers a strategic perspective on AI and the process of embedding it in society. ​After decades of research, Artificial Intelligence (AI) is now entering society at large. Due to its general purpose character, AI will change society in multiple, fundamental and unpredictable ways. Therefore, the Netherlands Scientific Council for Government Policy (WRR) characterizes AI as a system technology: a rare type of technologies that have a systemic impact on society. Earlier system technologies include electricity, the combustion engine and the computer. The history of these technologies provides us with useful insights about what it takes to direct the introduction of AI in society. The WRR identifies five key tasks to structurally work on this process: demystification, contextualisation, engagement, regulation and positioning. By clarifying what AI is (demystification), creating a functional ecosystem (contextualisation), involving diverse stakeholders (engagement), developing directive frameworks (regulation) and engaging internationally (positioning), societies can meaningfully influence how AI settles. Collectively, these activities steer the process of co-development between technology and society, and each representing a different path to safeguard public values. Mission AI - The New System Technology was originally published as an advisory report for the government of the Netherlands. The strategic analysis and the outlined recommendations are, however, relevant to every government and organization that aims to take up 'misson AI' and embed this newest system technology in our world.

This open access book offers a strategic perspective on AI and the process of embedding it in society. ​After decades of research, Artificial Intelligence (AI) is now entering society at large. Due to its general purpose character, AI will change society in multiple, fundamental and unpredictable ways. Therefore, the Netherlands Scientific Council for Government Policy (WRR) characterizes AI as a system technology: a rare type of technologies that have a systemic impact on society. Earlier system technologies include electricity, the combustion engine and the computer. The history of these technologies provides us with useful insights about what it takes to direct the introduction of AI in society. The WRR identifies five key tasks to structurally work on this process: demystification, contextualisation, engagement, regulation and positioning. By clarifying what AI is (demystification), creating a functional ecosystem (contextualisation), involving diverse stakeholders (engagement), developing directive frameworks (regulation) and engaging internationally (positioning), societies can meaningfully influence how AI settles. Collectively, these activities steer the process of co-development between technology and society, and each representing a different path to safeguard public values. Mission AI - The New System Technology was originally published as an advisory report for the government of the Netherlands. The strategic analysis and the outlined recommendations are, however, relevant to every government and organization that aims to take up 'misson AI' and embed this newest system technology in our world.

This is an Open access Book. In this report, the Netherlands Scientific Council for Government Policy (WRR) examines how the changing media system influences Dutch democracy. The ability of the media to fulfil their democratic functions is under threat. Analyses show that there is more information than ever, information that is available anywhere, anytime. In this context of abundant supply, journalistic content is squeezed to the margins.  Tech- and platform companies attract the majority of all digital advertisement revenues, which confronts national media with financial challenges. Local journalism is in dire straits. The public debate has become broader and more dynamic, but also more unsafe as journalists, scientists, and political actors are regularly confronted with online intimidation and harassment.The WRR recommends new media policies and advises the government (1) to actively and urgently implement the new EU rules for tech and platforms companies; (2) to ensure that content of public interest remains accessible and visible in the online domain; (3) to strengthen local journalism; and (4) to encourage users – including key players such as government and politicians – to acknowledge their own media responsibility in the new media system and operate in line with it.

The complexion of labour migration in the European Union (EU) has altered in recent years. Not only has there been a shift in the length of time labour migrants spend abroad, but the nature, scale and direction of the migration flows have also changed dramatically. The enlargements of the EU in 2004 and 2007 were influential in this respect. A growing economy and large wage gaps encouraged a large stream of workers to leave the new Member States for the old. The EU’s open internal borders made it easy for them to return home or to move on to another Member State. This publication considers what this means for the future of labour migration and how policy should address this issue.

The complexion of labour migration in the European Union (EU) has altered in recent years. Not only has there been a shift in the length of time labour migrants spend abroad, but the nature, scale and direction of the migration flows have also changed dramatically. The enlargements of the EU in 2004 and 2007 were influential in this respect. A growing economy and large wage gaps encouraged a large stream of workers to leave the new Member States for the old. The EU's open internal borders made it easy for them to return home or to move on to another Member State. This publication considers what this means for the future of labour migration and how policy should address this issue.

The complexion of labour migration in the European Union (EU) has altered in recent years. Not only has there been a shift in the length of time labour migrants spend abroad, but the nature, scale and direction of the migration flows have also changed dramatically. The enlargements of the EU in 2004 and 2007 were influential in this respect. A growing economy and large wage gaps encouraged a large stream of workers to leave the new Member States for the old. The EU's open internal borders made it easy for them to return home or to move on to another Member State. This publication considers what this means for the future of labour migration and how policy should address this issue.

Though the exact nature and delineation of Big Data is still unclear, it seems likely that Big Data will have an enormous impact on our daily lives. Exploring the Bounderies of Big Data serves as preparatory work for The Netherlands Scientific Council for Government Policy''s advice to the Dutch government, which has asked the Council to address questions regarding Big Data, security and privacy. It is divided into five parts, each part engaging with a different perspective on Big Data: the technical, empirical, legal, regulatory and international perspective. In the investigation Exploring the Boundaries of Big Data The Netherlands Scientific Council for Government Policy (WRR) offers building blocks for developing a regulatory approach to Big Data.

Though the exact nature and delineation of Big Data is still unclear, it seems likely that Big Data will have an enormous impact on our daily lives. Exploring the Bounderies of Big Data serves as preparatory work for The Netherlands Scientific Council for Government Policy''s advice to the Dutch government, which has asked the Council to address questions regarding Big Data, security and privacy. It is divided into five parts, each part engaging with a different perspective on Big Data: the technical, empirical, legal, regulatory and international perspective. In the investigation Exploring the Boundaries of Big Data The Netherlands Scientific Council for Government Policy (WRR) offers building blocks for developing a regulatory approach to Big Data.

This open access book offers an analysis of why preparations for digital disruption should become a stated goal of security policy and policies that aim to safeguard the continuity of critical infrastructure. The increasing use of digital technology implies new and significant vulnerabilities for our society. However, it is striking that almost all cyber-security measures taken by governments, international bodies and other major players are aimed at preventing incidents. But there is no such thing as total digital security. Whether inside or outside the digital domain, incidents can and will occur and may lead to disruption. While a raft of provisions, crisis contingency plans and legal regulations are in place to deal with the possibility of incidents in the ‘real world’, no equivalence exists for the digital domain and digital disruption. Hence, this book uniquely discusses several specific policy measures government and businesses should take in order to be better prepared to dealwith a digital disruption and prevent further escalation.

This open access book offers a strategic perspective on AI and the process of embedding it in society. ​After decades of research, Artificial Intelligence (AI) is now entering society at large. Due to its general purpose character, AI will change society in multiple, fundamental and unpredictable ways. Therefore, the Netherlands Scientific Council for Government Policy (WRR) characterizes AI as a system technology: a rare type of technologies that have a systemic impact on society. Earlier system technologies include electricity, the combustion engine and the computer. The history of these technologies provides us with useful insights about what it takes to direct the introduction of AI in society. The WRR identifies five key tasks to structurally work on this process: demystification, contextualisation, engagement, regulation and positioning. By clarifying what AI is (demystification), creating a functional ecosystem (contextualisation), involving diverse stakeholders (engagement), developing directive frameworks (regulation) and engaging internationally (positioning), societies can meaningfully influence how AI settles. Collectively, these activities steer the process of co-development between technology and society, and each representing a different path to safeguard public values. Mission AI - The New System Technology was originally published as an advisory report for the government of the Netherlands. The strategic analysis and the outlined recommendations are, however, relevant to every government and organization that aims to take up 'misson AI' and embed this newest system technology in our world.

This open access book offers a strategic perspective on AI and the process of embedding it in society. ​After decades of research, Artificial Intelligence (AI) is now entering society at large. Due to its general purpose character, AI will change society in multiple, fundamental and unpredictable ways. Therefore, the Netherlands Scientific Council for Government Policy (WRR) characterizes AI as a system technology: a rare type of technologies that have a systemic impact on society. Earlier system technologies include electricity, the combustion engine and the computer. The history of these technologies provides us with useful insights about what it takes to direct the introduction of AI in society. The WRR identifies five key tasks to structurally work on this process: demystification, contextualisation, engagement, regulation and positioning. By clarifying what AI is (demystification), creating a functional ecosystem (contextualisation), involving diverse stakeholders (engagement), developing directive frameworks (regulation) and engaging internationally (positioning), societies can meaningfully influence how AI settles. Collectively, these activities steer the process of co-development between technology and society, and each representing a different path to safeguard public values. Mission AI - The New System Technology was originally published as an advisory report for the government of the Netherlands. The strategic analysis and the outlined recommendations are, however, relevant to every government and organization that aims to take up 'misson AI' and embed this newest system technology in our world.

This is an Open access Book. In this report, the Netherlands Scientific Council for Government Policy (WRR) examines how the changing media system influences Dutch democracy. The ability of the media to fulfil their democratic functions is under threat. Analyses show that there is more information than ever, information that is available anywhere, anytime. In this context of abundant supply, journalistic content is squeezed to the margins.  Tech- and platform companies attract the majority of all digital advertisement revenues, which confronts national media with financial challenges. Local journalism is in dire straits. The public debate has become broader and more dynamic, but also more unsafe as journalists, scientists, and political actors are regularly confronted with online intimidation and harassment.The WRR recommends new media policies and advises the government (1) to actively and urgently implement the new EU rules for tech and platforms companies; (2) to ensure that content of public interest remains accessible and visible in the online domain; (3) to strengthen local journalism; and (4) to encourage users – including key players such as government and politicians – to acknowledge their own media responsibility in the new media system and operate in line with it.

The complexion of labour migration in the European Union (EU) has altered in recent years. Not only has there been a shift in the length of time labour migrants spend abroad, but the nature, scale and direction of the migration flows have also changed dramatically. The enlargements of the EU in 2004 and 2007 were influential in this respect. A growing economy and large wage gaps encouraged a large stream of workers to leave the new Member States for the old. The EU’s open internal borders made it easy for them to return home or to move on to another Member State. This publication considers what this means for the future of labour migration and how policy should address this issue.