Gustaf Arrhenius - Böcker

The Oxford Handbook of Population Ethics presents up-to-date theoretical analyses of various problems associated with the moral standing of future people and animals in current decision-making. Future people pose an especially hard problem for our current decision-making, since their number and their identities are not fixed but depend on the choices the present generation makes. Do we make the world better by creating more people with good lives? What do we owe future generations in terms of justice? How should burdens and benefits be shared across generations so that justice prevails? These questions are philosophically difficult and important, but also directly relevant to many practical decisions and policies. Climate change policy provides an example, as the increasing global temperature will kill some people and prevent many others from ever existing. Many other policies also influence the size and make-up of future populations both directly and indirectly, for example those concerning family planning, child support, and prioritization in health-care. If we are to adequately assess these policies, we must be able to determine the value of differently sized populations. The essays in this handbook shed light on the value of population change and the nature of our obligations to future generations. It brings together world-leading philosophers to introduce readers to some of the paradoxes of population ethics, challenge some fundamental assumptions that may be taken for granted in the debate about the value of population change, and apply these problems and assumptions to real-world decisions.

This monograph is based on four papers which have been published in Astrophysics and Space Sciences 1970--1974. They contain the results of our joint work started in 1968 at the University of California, San Diego, in La Jolla. The work was based on the belief that the complicated processes by which our solar system was formed can only be clarified by close collaboration between representatives of the physical and chemical sciences. Our investigations have also been strongly supported by work at other institu­ tions, especially by a group at the Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, where a number of plasma experiments have been made in order to clarify basic processes which are relevant to cosmogonic problems. These experiments were, in their turn inspired by theoretical work on primordial processes carried out during the last thirty-five years. We especially want to acknowledge the contributions by Drs N. Herlofson, B. Lehnert, C.-G. Fiilthammar, and Lars Danielsson in Stockholm and by Drs J.

På senare tid har vetenskapliga akademier för unga forskare etablerats runt om i världen. Så också i Sverige, där Sveriges unga akademi inrättades 2011. Dess syfte är att fungera som ett tvärvetenskapligt forum och en forskningspolitisk plattform för unga forskare i landet. Denna bok samlar korta självbiografier, skrivna av de forskare som utvaldes att bli den första generationen ledamöter av Sveriges unga akademi. Texterna är personligt hållna och kretsar kring frågor rörande yrkesval, drivkrafter och karriärstrategier. Hur blir man forskare? Hur är det att arbeta som forskare och forskningsledare? Vad krävs för att lyckas? Svaren ger råd och inspiration men bidrar också till reflexion och eftertanke. Eftersom ledamöterna representerar en rad olika kunskapsområden, från filosofi till nanoteknologi, ger boken samtidigt värdefulla inblickar i dagens vetenskapliga landskap: dess uppgifter såväl som utmaningar. Förordet är skrivet av nobelpristagaren Torsten Wiesel som också är akademins vetenskapliga beskyddare.