W. Ashhurst – författare

Agricultural Physics discusses agricultural problems, some aspects of the environment, and water relations of plants from a physical point of view. This book provides particular attention to clarifying fundamental concepts and processes, such as the concept of the total potential of water and its components, which is of basic importance in understanding water movement in soil, plant, or atmosphere. Subject matters covered in this text are limited to topics to which physics has made a significant contribution, for instance, the experimental aspects of crop water use. This text is divided into eight chapters. Chapters 1 to 3 focus solely on the physical environment of agriculture, providing a background of the literature on the micrometeorology of crops and single plants. Some physical aspects of soils are elaborated in Chapters 4 and 6, while attributes of crop water use are covered in Chapters 5, 7, and 8. This publication is a good source for agriculturists, physiologists, and researchers conducting work on aspects of soils and plant water relations.

Basic Principles of Electronics, Volume I : Thermionics serves as a textbook for students in physics. It focuses on thermionic devices. The book covers topics on electron dynamics, electron emission, and the themionic vacuum diode and triode. Power amplifiers, oscillators, and electronic measuring equipment are studied as well. The text will be of great use to physics and electronics students, and inventors.

Dealing with Data is an introductory course to problems and techniques dealing with data analysis, with emphasis on the physical and engineering sciences. The book starts with the basics of data analysis through non-statistical and non-mathematical assessments of error and uncertainty conditions. Experimental and maximum errors and the use of simple graphical methods are briefly described. Applying quick methods on data analysis such as frequency distributions, determination of standard errors, and applications of significance tests are explained. Special attention is given to the statistical quick methods where the range is preferred to traditional methods of calculation. The author notes that the quick methods have more practical applications in physics and engineering. The use of the quick methods of calculation is more precise in error estimation, confidence limits, and tests for outliers that the error is very negligible when applied to actual conditions. Dealing with errors of computation arising from rounding of values, and those arising from the use of slide rules and of the logarithm tables, is explained. The use of numerical methods (integration, differentiation, and interpolation) and graphical methods (like curve fitting) is briefly explained, with the author''s emphasis on choosing the simpler methods. Sixth formers, engineering undergraduates, statisticians, and students of mathematics will find the information in this book useful.

Worked Problems in Heat, Thermodynamics and Kinetic Theory for Physics Students is a complementary to textbooks in physics. This book is a collection of exercise problems that have been part of tutorial classes in heat and thermodynamics at the University of London. This collection of exercise problems, with answers that are fully worked out, deals with various topics. This book poses problems covering the definition of temperature such as calculating the assigned value of the temperature of boiling water under specific conditions. This text also gives example of problems dealing with the first law of thermodynamics and with the definition of thermal capacities. Some practical questions such as problems dealing with thermal engines are presented. This book then discusses problems using the energy equation, as well as asking the student to derive a general equation of state of a material satisfying a specific condition. This text challenges the student to use a T-S diagram to calculate the efficiency of a reversible cycle under certain conditions. Several other problems concern the Joule and Joule-Kelvin effects, low temperature physics, and heat conduction. This review material can be helpful for students of physics, thermodynamics, and related subjects. It can also be used by teachers of physics.

Vector Analysis for Mathematicians, Scientists and Engineers, Second Edition, provides an understanding of the methods of vector algebra and calculus to the extent that the student will readily follow those works which make use of them, and further, will be able to employ them himself in his own branch of science. New concepts and methods introduced are illustrated by examples drawn from fields with which the student is familiar, and a large number of both worked and unworked exercises are provided. The book begins with an introduction to vectors, covering their representation, addition, geometrical applications, and components. Separate chapters discuss the products of vectors; the products of three or four vectors; the differentiation of vectors; gradient, divergence, and curl; line, surface, and volume integrals; theorems of vector integration; and orthogonal curvilinear coordinates. The final chapter presents an application of vector analysis. Answers to odd-numbered exercises are provided as the end of the book.

Magnetohydrodynamics with Hydrodynamics, Volume 1 details various concepts in magnetohydrodynamics as it relates to hydrodynamics. The title first covers the methods and techniques appropriate to an elementary discussion of magnetohydrodynamics, and then proceeds to tackling the fundamental results of fluid dynamics. Next, the selection discusses the electromagnetic effects, along with the motion of a fluid in a uniform magnetic field. In the last chapter, the text talks about steady states and equilibrium configuration. The book will be of great interest to students, researchers, and practitioners of physics and engineering.

Diffraction: Coherence in Optics presents a detailed account of the course on Fraunhofer diffraction phenomena, studied at the Faculty of Science in Paris. The publication first elaborates on Huygens'' principle and diffraction phenomena for a monochromatic point source and diffraction by an aperture of simple form. Discussions focus on diffraction at infinity and at a finite distance, simplified expressions for the field, calculation of the path difference, diffraction by a rectangular aperture, narrow slit, and circular aperture, and distribution of luminous flux in the airy spot. The book then examines Fourier transformation and diffraction by several apertures. The manuscript takes a look at extended luminous sources and objects and diffraction phenomena in perfect optical instruments. Topics include diffraction gratings, phase contrast, apodization, filtering spatial frequencies, relation between the length of wave trains and the spectral width of the emitted radiations, successive wave trains emitted by an atom, and vibrations with different frequencies from a single atom. The manuscript also reviews diffraction phenomena in real optical instruments, including diffraction in the case of a spherical wave and diffraction spot in the presence of aberrations. The publication is a dependable reference for readers interested in diffraction phenomena.

Basic Principles of Electronics, Volume 2: Semiconductors focuses on the properties, applications, and characteristics of semiconductors. The publication first elaborates on conduction in the solid state, conduction and heat, and semiconductors. Discussions focus on extrinsic or impurity semiconductors, electrons and holes, effect of temperature on the conductivity, mean free path, Joule heating effect, "vacancies" in crystals, and Drude''s theory of metallic conduction. The text then ponders on semiconductor technology and simple devices, transistor, and transistor production and characteristics. Topics include strain gauges, thermistors, thermoelectric semiconductors, crystal preparation, photoconductors, and the Hall effect. The book elaborates on special devices, processes, and uses, common transistor circuitry, and a low-frequency equivalent circuit for common base, including radiation detection, optoelectronics, field effect transistors, sonar amplifier, oscillators, and multi-stage amplifiers. The publication is highly recommended for technical college students and researchers wanting to study semiconductors.