Williams – författare

What does sound, whether preserved or lost, tell us about nineteenth-century wartime? Hearing the Crimean War: Wartime Sound and the Unmaking of Sense pursues this question through the many territories affected by the Crimean War, including Britain, France, Turkey, Russia, Italy, Poland, Latvia, Dagestan, Chechnya, and Crimea. Examining the experience of listeners and the politics of archiving sound, it reveals the close interplay between nineteenth-century geographies of empire and the media through which wartime sounds became audible--or failed to do so. The volume explores the dynamics of sound both in violent encounters on the battlefield and in the experience of listeners far-removed from theaters of war, each essay interrogating the Crimean War's sonic archive in order to address a broad set of issues in musicology, ethnomusicology, literary studies, the history of the senses and sound studies.

This important new volume in the Oxford Series in Ecology and Evolution examines the mechanism and action of natural selection in evolution. Williams offers his own synthesis of modern evolutionary theory - including discussions of the gene as the unit of selection, clade selection and macroevolution, diversity within and among populations, stasis, and other timely and provocative issues central to the study of evolution. Williams' preeminent position in the field ensures immediate and widespread interest in the book among evolutionary biologists, geneticists, and their graduate students.

`The best one-volume history of jazz.' That is how the American Music Guide described the book that Louis Armstrong once said `held ol' Satch spellbound'. A unique blend of history and criticism, this lively and perceptive book includes chapters on such jazz giants as King Oliver, Jelly Roll Morton, John Coltrane, and Ornette Coleman. In addition to an expanded essay on Count Basie, this revised edition also includes pieces on Eric Dolphy, Bill Evans, and the World Saxophone Quartet.

Robert Williams, a legal scholar and Native American of the Lumbee tribe, here traces the evolution of contemporary legal thought on the rights and status of the American Indian and indigenous tribal peoples. Beginning with an analysis of the Christian crusading era and its contribution to the West's legal discourses on `heathen' and `infidel' peoples' rights, Williams explores the sources and transformations of ideas that justified the New World conquests of Spain, England, and America. Long-held notions of the legality of European subjugation and colonization of `savage' and `barbarian' societies, he argues, impelled the West's conquests in America. Today, the echoes of those racist and Eurocentric prejudices still reverberate in Westen legal discourse regarding native peoples' rights. Williams argues strongly for the rejection of Western legal conceptions that reduce tribal people to culturally, politically, and morally inferior beings. He advocates the recognition of the equal sovereignty of indigenous nations to govern themselves in the world community. This work stands out as an important contribution to the growing movement for broader acceptance of indigenous peoples' rights as sovereign, self-determining entities.

One of the earliest documentary novels, Fall River recounts the famous murder of a mill girl and the subsequent trial of a popular minister of the period. Compellingly written, it is not only a record of a sensational story of its times, but also a revealing embodiment of the social and cultural climate of early nineteenth century industrial America. The book is also an important landmark in the history of religion in American popular culture, with detailed descriptions of religious camp meetings in New England. Williams was urged by her readers to compose her account of these events, in order to correct what she called the "indecent manner" in which they had hitherto been reported. (David Kasserman's recent widely acclaimed sociological study Fall River Outrage is based on the events Williams describes.) This unprecedented new series reintroduces women's writings of cultural and literary interest, from the Medieval period through the early nineteenth century, often for the first time since their original publication. Derived from the Brown University Women Writers Project, the series unearths a wide range of neglected gems, dispelling the myth that women wrote little of real value before the Victorian period. Each volume includes an introduction putting the work in its historical and literary context and helpful explanatory notes.

For the past two generations, extensive research has been conducted on the determinants of homosexuality. But, until now, scant attention has been paid to what is perhaps the most mysterious--and potentially illuminating--variation of human sexual expression, bisexuality. Today, as ignorance and fear of AIDS make greater awareness of all forms of sexual behaviour an urgent matter of private and public consequence, leading sex researchers Martin Weinberg, Colin Williams, and Douglas Pryor provide us with the first major study of bisexuality. Weinberg, Williams, and Pryor explore the riddle of dual attraction in their study of 800 bisexuals, homosexuals, and heterosexuals living in the San Francisco Bay area. Fieldwork, intensive interviews, and surveys provided a wealth of data about the nature of bisexual attraction, the steps that lead people to become bisexual, and how sexual preference can change over time. They found that bisexual men and women differ markedly in their sexual behaviour and romantic feelings; that most bisexuals maintain long-term relationships which continuing sexual activity outside those relationships; and why trans-sexuals often become bisexual. Further, this is the first study to compare directly large samples of bisexuals, homosexuals, and heterosexuals. Among the differences: bisexuals were the most fluid in their sexuality--changing most over time--and in the composition of their feelings, attractions, and behaviours. The authors also found some interesting similarities between the groups: for example, bisexuals and homosexuals showed the same degree of confusion in the development of their sexual preference and for similar reasons; also heterosexuals were not immune from such confusion. Bisexuals, heterosexuals, and homosexuals all reported same-sex erotic desires, but to different degrees. Finally, the authors studied the social and sexual effects of AIDS. For example, they discovered that as the AIDS crisis unfolded, many bisexual men entered into monogamous relationships with women, and bisexual women into more lesbian relationships. Recent media accounts attest that a growing number of researchers and writers are narrowing the fundamental cause of sexual preference to a single factor: biology. But if, as this study shows, learning plays a significant part in helping people traverse the boundaries of gender, if past and present intimate relationships influence their changing preferences, and if bisexual activity is inseparable from a social environment which provides distinctive sexual opportunities, then a mosaic of factors far more complex than those previously considered must be entertained in explaining the fuller spectrum of sexual preference. Dual Attraction is one of the most significant contributions to our understanding of sexuality since the original Kinsey reports and Bell and Weinberg's 1978 international bestseller Homosexualities. It is must reading for all those interested in the study of sexual behaviour--especially now, since the onset of AIDS.

The end of the Cold War augurs momentous changes within armed forces in Western societies. Clarification of these changes is the purpose of The Postmodern Military. The armed forces of the United States and those of other Western developed democracies are moving toward a postmodern format. The modern military that fully emerged in the nineteenth century was associated with the rise of the nation-state, war oriented in mission, a conscripted mass army, masculine in makeup and ethos, and sharply differentiated in structure and culture from civilian society. The postmodern military, by contrast, undergoes a loosening of the ties with the nation-state, becomes multipurpose in mission, moves toward a smaller volunteer force, is increasingly androgynous in makeup and ethos, and has greater permeability with civilian society. The Postmodern Military assesses contemporary civil-military trends by first looking at specific areas in the U.S. military. Then, an international team of leading military sociologists assesses the postmodern thesis in twelve countries (Australia, Canada, Denmark, France, Germany, Israel, Italy, the Netherlands, New Zealand, South Africa, Switzerland, the UK).This book provides the student and defense professional with a foundation on which to base organizational and personal policies. It also has much to tell the general reader about what life is really like in today's military and how it is both the same and different around the world.

Williams argues that photography was intrinsic to British territorial expansioon and settlement on the northwest coast. Williams shows how malke and female settlers used photography to establish control over the territory and its indigenous inhabitants, as well as how native peoples eventually turned the technology to their own purposes. Photographs of the region were used to stimulate British immigration and entrepreneuralism, and images of babies and children were designed to advertise the population growth of the settlers. Although Indians were taken by Anglos to document their "disappearing" traditions and to show the success of missionary activities, many Indians proved receptive to photography and turned posing for the white man's camera to their own advantage. This book will appeal to those interested in the history of the West, imperialism, gender, photography, and First Nations/Native America.

In Unbending Gender, Joan Williams takes a hard look at the state of feminism in America. Concerned by what she finds--young women who flatly refuse to identify themselves as feminists and working-class and minority women who feel the movement hasn't addressed the issues that dominate their daily lives--she outlines a new vision of feminism that calls for workplaces focused on the needs of families and, in divorce cases, recognition of the value of family work and its impact on women's earning power. Williams notes that good jobs in America are designed for the ideal employee, who works full-time and often overtime, with no career interruptions. Even today, most American mothers do not meet this ideal: a majority do not work full-time, and only a small fraction work overtime. Williams points out that women will never achieve equality until mothers do: she argues that employers need to implement parent-supportive policies--or face liability for sex discrimination. She also maintains that ideal-worker fathers are supported by a flow of family work from mothers, yet divorce courts treat the family wage as owned solely by the ideal worker. The result is the impoverishment of women and children, who comprise the bulk of the poor in the United States. Unbending Gender questions the idea that women simply choose between staying at home with their children or going to work. Given the limited options that contemporary American culture allows them, mothers are forced to make compromises. Joan Williams' solution is an inclusive, family-friendly feminism that supports both mothers and fathers as caregivers and as workers.

Twenty inorganic elements, mostly metal ions, are consistently found in living systems and are essential for living systems to function correctly. The aim of this text is to discuss, describe, and explain the functional relevance of those elements: the reasons for their selection; the processes of their uptake, transport and final localization in cells; the regulation of these processes; and the interactive network of their reactions that connects the in vivo inorganic elements to the environment and to the genome.The first seven chapters describe the physical, chemical, and biological principles of the involvement of the elements in cellular activity, stressing how inorganic and organic chemicals react differently together in different compartments. The next twelve chapters describe the uses of the individual essential inoranic elements and a section on the genetic control of each element is included. The final chapter discusses how the interaction of genes, proteins, small molecules, and inorganic elements plays an important role in evolution and the speciation of organisms. The second edition of 'The Biological Chemistry of The Elements' has been thoroughly revised in content and style. The main additions to the first edition concern the discussion of the links to the genome of the uptake and transfer of inorganic elements and the regulation of homeostasis, the functional co-operative activities of the elements, the interaction with the environment, and the evolution of usage. Recent structural and mechanistic knowledge of many biomolecules and organelles are also included. Like the higly praised first edition, this text will be the bible of bioinorganic chemistry.

The central thesis of The Natural Selection of the Chemical Elements is that the inanimate environment and living organisms are intimately connected, and that the evolution of both has been interactive and interdependent: the environment and life developed together. The authors show that this can be explained in terms of the properties of the chemical elements and their compounds, especially as compounds have developed with time.The first part of the book discusses the physical and chemical balance between ordered and disordered systems and then analyses organisation in both the animate and inanimate worlds. Appropriate thermodynamic and kinetic principles are given to support this analysis. The application of these principles to the development of both inorganic (geographical) and organic chemical systems is then described, providing a basis for understanding the evolution of life in terms of the interaction of both types of chemistry within ever more complex organisations.The book concludes by examining the long-term consequences of man's selection and manipulation of chemicals for his own purposes which may have consequences for the long-term future of life from changes in the environment - not only due to bulk but also to trace element alterations.

First published in 1975, this book is a comprehensive and quantitative study of the shoot apex and leaf growth. Its central purpose is to provide precise quantitative descriptions of shoot apical systems of very diverse types. Vegetative apices are considered except for wheat for which a description of the developing inflorescence is also given. The descriptions rely on a development of the old technique of serial reconstruction, which allows the early stages in growth of leaf primordia and related tissues to be measured as volume. An important feature of the book is the numerous three-dimensional scale drawings, which, together with the photomicrographs, enable the reader to build up a clear picture of the process of growth in the stem apex. The appendix contains details of the methods employed in this quantitative study together with the procedures used for data processing. This major study on the growth of higher plants will be a standard work and will be a valuable source of quantitative information. Botanists, particularly those studying plant physiology, crop science, developmental biology and theoretical biology, will find this stimulating book has much to say that is of permanent value.

The Nature/Nurture Debate: The Essential Readings provides students with a selection of some of the key articles by key researchers in this core area of developmental psychology.

This collection of essays was presented to David Wiggins to mark his 60th birthday and his accession to the Wykeham Chair of Logic at Oxford. The contributors, who include both long-established and younger writers, take up some of the many important philosophical debates on which Wiggins has made an impact. Their chosen topics range from ancient philosophy to contemporary questions in ethics, metaphysics and the theory of meaning. An attractive feature of the volume is that it contains Wiggins's comments on each of the papers, and so offers an accessible guide to his present thinking.

The essays included here reflect differences in race, gender and class and demonstrate how different social groups experience different sets of social norms. Topics include gender and sex theory, identity, childhood and adolescent sexuality, the objectification of women, sexuality and religion, leisure and recreation, politics and social change and the possible future of sexual relationships.

The essays included here reflect differences in race, gender and class and demonstrate how different social groups experience different sets of social norms. Topics include gender and sex theory, identity, childhood and adolescent sexuality, the objectification of women, sexuality and religion, leisure and recreation, politics and social change and the possible future of sexual relationships.

A Companion to Nineteenth-Century Britain presents 33 essays by expert scholars on all the major aspects of the political, social, economic and cultural history of Britain during the late Georgian and Victorian eras. Truly British, rather than English, in scope.Pays attention to the experiences of women as well as of men.Illustrated with maps and charts.Includes guides to further reading.